Tribes in Bihar, District Wise and Some Major Tribes in Bihar
Explore Tribes in Bihar here. This page contains the information about Tribes in Bihar, district wise tribes in Bihar, major tribes in Bihar and challenges faced by tribes in Bihar.
Goldi Tomar8 Jan, 2025
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Tribes in Bihar: There are many tribes in Bihar, which make up the majority of the state’s social and cultural landscape. This number was higher before 2000. However, most tribes relocated to Jharkhand after the state was divided. As per the 2011 census, all 32 Scheduled Tribes in the state were counted.
Also Read: Smallest district in Bihar
Tribes in Bihar
Bihar, one of the oldest states in India, has a rich cultural and historical legacy. The tribal communities in Bihar, though constituting a small percentage of the state's population, play a vital role in preserving traditional customs, languages, and lifestyles. The tribes of Bihar are spread across various districts, particularly in the hilly and forested regions. Their presence adds an intriguing dimension to the state’s cultural fabric, offering a deep connection to nature, spirituality, and indigenous practices.District Wise Tribes in Bihar
The tribal communities of Bihar are diverse, with distinct languages, customs, and practices. Some of the prominent tribes are here on the table.| Tribes | Districts |
| Santal | Bhagalpur, Purnia, Saharsa, Munger, Banka, Jamui, Kishanganj, Araria, Madhepura |
| Oraon | Purnia, Katihar, Supaul, Rohtas, Buxar, Darbhanga, Kaimur, West Champaran, Bhagalpur |
| Kharwar | Bhagalpur, Purnia, Rohtas, Kaimur |
| Gond | Siwan, Bhojpur, Kaimur, West Champaran, Saran, Rohtas |
| Munda | Katihar |
| Chero | Rohtas, Bhojpur, Gaya |
| Kora | Munger, Jamui, Katihar |
| Tharu | West Champaran |
| Korwa | Rohtas, Bhojpur, Purnea, Munger, Katihar |
| Lohra | Purnia |
| Mal Paharias | Bhagalpur, Saharsa |
Some Major Tribes in Bihar
The tribes in Bihar are diverse, with distinct languages, customs, and practices. Some of the major tribes in Bihar include:- Santhal
- Munda
Also Read: GI tag in Bihar
- Oraon
- Bhumij
- Kharwar
- Gond
Social Structure and Culture of Tribes in Bihar
Tribes in Bihar have a rich cultural heritage that is rooted in their close relationship with nature and the land. Their social structure is often clan-based, with each tribe having its own set of customs, rituals, and practices. Dance, music, and oral traditions are an integral part of tribal culture. The Santhals, for example, are known for their energetic and rhythmic dance forms like the "Santhal Dance" performed during festivals. Music is also an essential part of tribal rituals, with various traditional instruments being used in ceremonies and celebrations.Also Read: Capital of Bihar
Tribal art forms in Bihar are equally diverse and include painting, weaving, and sculpture. The tribal communities have a deep connection to nature, and their art often reflects themes of animals, trees, and natural landscapes.Challenges Faced by Tribes in Bihar
Despite their rich cultural heritage, tribes in Bihar face numerous challenges. These challenges range from economic issues, lack of access to quality education and healthcare, and the encroachment of their traditional lands due to developmental projects. The influx of non-tribal populations in tribal areas has also led to the loss of cultural identity and disruption of social structures.Tribes in Bihar FAQs
What are the major tribes in Bihar?
The major tribes in Bihar include the Santhals, Mundas, Oraons, Bhumijs, Kharwars, and Gonds.
Where are the Santhal tribes primarily located in Bihar?
The Santhal tribes are mainly found in Bhagalpur, Banka, and Munger districts.
What is the primary occupation of tribal communities in Bihar?
Agriculture, along with forest-based activities and handicrafts, is the primary occupation.
Which tribe in Bihar is known for its craft skills?
The Santhals and Mundas are known for their traditional bamboo and wood-based crafts.
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