. List any four methods of contraception used by humans. How does their use

Best Answer

There are three different methods of contraception:

(i) Barrier  methods. In these methods,  physical devices such as condoms,  diaphragm and cervical caps are used. These devices prevent  the entry of sperm  in the female genital tract, thus acting as a barrier between them.

(ii) Surgical methods. There are surgeries  that can be carried out in the males and females.

In males, a small portion of the sperm duct  (vas deferens) is blocked by  surgical operation. It prevents the egg to reach the uterus. In both the cases, fertilisation will not take place: 

(iii) Chemical methods. This category  of contraceptive  acts by changing  the hormonal balance of the  body  so  that  eggs  are  not  released  and  fertilisation  cannot  occur. Females use two types of pills for preventing  pregnancies, i.e., oral pills and vaginal pills. The oral pills contain  hormones  which stop  the ovaries from releasing ovum into the fallopian tube. This is also called oral contraceptives (OC).

(iv) Other contraceptive devices such as loop or the copper-T are placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy.

Effect on health and prosperity of a family:

(i) Contraceptive  methods  are  used  to prevent  the spreading of sexually  transmitted diseases like syphilis, AIDS, etc.

(ii) Contraceptive  methods  are also used to control human  population  by checking the unwanted  pregnancies  during  sexual activities.

(iii) It helps  in family  planning  by controlling  the  number  of children  in  the family, thereby reducing the chances of financial burden  and poverty