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Elementary Particles Classification On The Basis Of Mass, Spin And Interaction

Explore the Classification of Elementary Particles. Learn about its classification on the basis of Mass, Spin, and Interaction in this informative guide.
authorImageAbhishek Kumar14 Nov, 2023
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Elementary Particles Classification
  1. On the basis of mass.
  2. On the basis of spin.
  3. On the basis of interaction.
  • On the basis of mass
When Ʈ particle is discovered, it disturbs the classification based on mass. Most of the properties of Ʈ are similar to lepton so it should lie in the category of light mass but Ʈ is a heavy-mass particle that falls into the heavier-mass particle category. So this based on mass classification failed.
  • On the basis of spin
Particles are categorized in 2 parts on the basis of spin
  • Bosons
  • Fermions
This basis also failed and it is not very helpful in the study of elementary particles.
  • On the basis of interaction.
There are three families of particles on the basis of interaction.
  • Leptons
  • Mesons
  • Baryons
  1. Leptons:
  • Leptons interact through electromagnetic or weak interaction only.
  • In strong interaction, leptons do not participate.
  • Leptons have spin S = 1/2 .
  1. Mesons:
  • In reactions, mesons can be created through strong interaction.
  • Mesons can decay to other mesons or leptons through weak and EM interaction.

Example:

The above reactions are strong interaction reactions. Here pions are created through strong interaction.
  • Pions can decay through weak interactions
  • Pions can also decay through EM interaction
  1. Baryons
  • Baryons can be produced in reaction through strong interaction.

Example:

Here ᴧ can be produced through strong interaction but ᴧ decay through weak interaction.

Families of Particles

Family Interaction Structure Spin E.g.,
Leptons EM / Weak Fundamental 1/2 e - , ν
Mesons Weak / EM / Strong Composite Integral π, k
Baryons Weak / EM /Strong Composite Half Integral p, n

Lepton Family

  • Fermion and antifermion have opposite parity
  • Spin S = 1/2
  • Parity P = +1

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