CBSE Accountancy Class 12 Past 5 Years Question Paper Analysis

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy is often considered a scoring subject, so students must prepare it smartly. One of the most effective strategies for smart preparation is analyzing the past 5 years’ CBSE board question papers and sample papers. A clear pattern emerges when we study recurring chapters, frequently asked concepts, and mark-wise distribution.

Explore the chapter-wise and topic-wise analysis of CBSE Class 12 Accountancy (based on the last five years), helping students focus on high-weightage and repeatedly asked areas.

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Why is Past 5 Years Question Paper Analysis Important?

CBSE follows a structured blueprint. It has been observed that:

• Around 60–70% of board exam questions are conceptually aligned with CBSE sample papers.

• Questions are rarely repeated verbatim, but topics and formats are frequently repeated.

• Certain chapters are guaranteed question contributors every year.

Hence, past paper analysis allows students to:

• Identify high-priority chapters

• Focus on exam-oriented topics

• Improve time management and accuracy

Chapter-wise Analysis of CBSE Class 12 Accountancy

Students must review the chapter-wise CBSE Class 12 Accountancy analysis of the last 5 years to identify the most important topics for the board exam:

1. Fundamentals of Partnership

This chapter lays the foundation for partnership accounting and has consistently raised questions.

Most Important Topics:

• Guarantee of a Partner (asked in short and long questions)

• Fixed vs Fluctuating Capital Accounts
  (Debit/Credit treatment – 1 mark MCQs frequently)

• Profit & Loss Appropriation Account
  (often combined with other adjustments)

• Past Adjustments (2, 3, 4, and 6 marks questions)

• Interest on Capital and Drawings

• Absence of Partnership Deed
  (profit sharing & interest on loan @6%)

• Appropriation more than profits (case-based questions)

2. Change in Profit Sharing Ratio

A concept-heavy chapter with repeated theoretical and numerical questions.

Key Focus Areas:

• Sacrificing Ratio & Gaining Ratio (MCQs)

• Workmen Compensation Reserve & Investment Fluctuation Reserve

• Treatment of General Reserve / P&L Balance not transferred to capital accounts

• Goodwill valuation:

• Weighted Average Method

• Capitalisation Method

Questions from this chapter appear across change, admission, and retirement topics.

3. Admission of a Partner

One of the most important chapters, almost guaranteed to have a long question.

Frequently Asked Topics:

• New Profit Sharing Ratio (1 mark MCQs)

• Premium for Goodwill:

• Fully brought

• Partially brought

• Not brought

• Adjustment of Capital:

• When a new partner’s capital is given

• Proportionate and total capital method

• Hidden Goodwill (repeated in MCQs and numericals)

• Revaluation Account & Partner’s Capital Account

• Balance Sheet after admission

• Overvaluation/Undervaluation of assets (presentation in Balance Sheet)

One full-length question is almost certain from this chapter.

4. Retirement and Death of a Partner

Another high-weightage chapter with conceptual clarity required.

Important Topics:

• Gaining Ratio

• Treatment of Goodwill

• Revaluation Account

• Partner’s Capital Account

• Loan Account of Retiring Partner

• Executor’s Account (Death of Partner)

• Calculation of the deceased partner’s share of profit
  (Time-based – months/years are crucial)

Often combined with Balance Sheet preparation.

5. Dissolution of Partnership Firm

This chapter consistently appears in board exams.

High-Frequency Areas:

• Realisation Account (very important)

• Treatment of Partner’s Loan and Outside Liabilities

• Memorandum Balance Sheet

• Missing information-based questions:

• Profit/Loss on realisation

• Value of assets realised

• Value of sundry assets

Either general entries or full Realisation Account is asked.

Company Accounts

6. Accounting for Share Capital

A high-scoring and highly repeated chapter.

Most Asked Topics:

• Meaning of:

• Authorised, Issued, Subscribed, Called-up & Paid-up Capital

• Reserve Capital & Capital Reserve

• Forfeiture of Shares
  (1 mark, 3 marks, and even 6 marks questions)

• Reissue of forfeited shares

• Oversubscription & Pro-rata allotment

• Full-fledged Balance Sheet questions

One full numerical question is almost permanent from this chapter.

7. Issue and Redemption of Debentures

Conceptual + numerical mix with repeated patterns.

Important Topics:

• Types of Debentures (Redeemable, Irredeemable)

• Issue at Discount / Premium

• Redemption at Discount / Premium

• Loss on Issue of Debentures & its write-off

• Purchase Consideration (also linked with shares)

• Balance Sheet presentation

Frequently tested in 3–6 mark questions

Financial Statement Analysis

8. Financial Statements of a Company

Easy-to-score theoretical and practical chapter.

Important Areas:

• Objectives of Financial Statements

• Limitations of Financial Statements

• Schedule III (Headings & Sub-headings)

• Preparation of:

• Statement of Profit & Loss

• Balance Sheet

9. Comparative & Common Size Statements

Highly predictable questions.

Focus On:

• Comparative Income Statement & Balance Sheet

• Common Size Statement

• Missing value-based questions

Generally, 2–4 mark questions, sometimes higher.

10. Accounting Ratios

One of the most repeated analytical chapters.

Most Asked Ratios:

• Current Ratio

• Debt-Equity Ratio

• Inventory Turnover Ratio

• Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio

• Interest Coverage Ratio

• Gross Profit Ratio

• Net Profit Ratio

• Return on Investment

Special Focus:

• Increase/Decrease-based reasoning questions

11. Cash Flow Statement

A guaranteed chapter in every CBSE paper.

Key Areas:

• Cash Flow from Operating Activities

• Cash Flow from Investing Activities

• Non-cash items adjustments

• Cash & Cash Equivalents:

• Meaning

• Items included/excluded

• Calculation

• Full Cash Flow Statement (Indirect Method)

Can be full-length or sectional question.

The past 5 years’ CBSE Accountancy paper analysis clearly shows that CBSE follows a predictable pattern. Students who focus on repeated topics, sample papers, and high-weightage chapters can confidently score well. Instead of studying everything equally, prioritize smartly, revise repeatedly asked concepts, and practice presentation.