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CSIR JRF GATE Syllabus 2023 Biology
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Section
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Topics
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Sub Topics
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General Aptitude
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Verbal Aptitude
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Basic English grammar: Tenses, articles, adjectives, prepositions, conjunctions, verb-noun agreement, and other parts of speech, Basic
vocabulary: Words, idioms, and phrases in context, Reading and comprehension, Narrative sequencing.
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Quantitative Aptitude
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Data interpretation: Data graphs (bar graphs, pie charts, and other graphs representing data), 2- and 3-dimensional plots, maps, and tables,
Numerical computation and estimation: Ratios, percentages, powers, exponents and logarithms, permutations and combinations, and series,
Mensuration, and geometry, Elementary statistics, and probability.
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Analytical Aptitude
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Logic: Deduction and induction, Analogy, Numerical relations, and reasoning.
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Engineering Mathematics
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Calculus
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Limits, continuity, and differentiability; partial derivatives, maxima, and minima; sequences and series; test for convergence
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Probability And Statistics
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Mean, median, mode, and standard deviation; random variables; Poisson, normal, and binomial distributions; correlation and regression analysis.
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General Biology
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Biochemistry
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Biomolecules-structure and function; biological membranes-structure, membrane channels, and pumps, molecular motors, action potential, and
transport processes; basic concepts and regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids,Amino acids, and nucleic acids; photosynthesis,
respiration, and electron transport chain, Enzymes-classification, catalytic, and regulatory strategies; enzyme kinetics-Michaelis-Menten
equation; enzyme inhibition-competitive, non-competitive, and uncompetitive inhibition
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Immunology
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Innate and adaptive immunity, humoral and cell-mediated immunity; antibody structure and function; molecular basis of antibody diversity; T cell
and B cell development; antigen-antibody reaction; complement; primary and secondary lymphoid organs, Major histocompatibility complex
(MHC); antigen processing and presentation; polyclonal and monoclonal antibody; regulation of immune response; immune tolerance;
hypersensitivity; autoimmunity; graft versus host reaction; immunization and vaccines.
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Bioprocess engineering and process biotechnology
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Bioreactor Engineering
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Rate law, zero, and first-order kinetics; ideal reactors-batch, mixed flow, and plug flow; enzyme immobilization, diffusion effects-Thiele modulus,
effectiveness factor, Damkohler number; kinetics of cell growth, Substrate utilization, and product formation; structured and unstructured
models; batch, fed-batch, and continuous processes; microbial and enzyme reactors; optimization and scale up.
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Instrumentation And Process Control
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Pressure, temperature, and flow measurement devices; valves; first order and second order systems; feedback and feed-forward control; types
of controllers-proportional, derivative, and integral control, tuning of controllers
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Plant, animal, and microbial biotechnology
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Plants
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Totipotency; regeneration of plants; plant growth regulators and elicitors; tissue culture and cell suspension culture system-methodology, the
kinetics of growth and nutrient optimization; production of secondary metabolites; hairy root culture, Plant products of industrial importance;
artificial seeds; somaclonal variation; protoplast, protoplast fusion-somatic hybrid, and cybrid; transgenic plants-direct and indirect methods
of gene transfer techniques; selection marker and reporter gene, Plastid transformation
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Microbes
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Production of biomass and primary/ secondary metabolites-biofuels, bioplastics, industrial enzymes, antibiotics; large-scale production and
purification of recombinant proteins and metabolites; clinical-, food-, and industrial microbiology, Screening strategies for new products
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Genetics, cellular, and molecular biology
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Cell Biology
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Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structure; cell cycle and cell growth control; cell-cell communication; cell signaling and signal transduction;
post-translational modifications; protein trafficking; cell death and autophagy; extra-cellular matrix
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Molecular Biology
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Molecular structure of genes and chromosomes; mutations and mutagenesis; regulation of gene expression; nucleic acid-replication,
transcription, splicing, translation, and their regulatory mechanisms; Non-coding and microRNA; RNA interference, DNA damage, and
repair.
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Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology
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Upstream And Downstream Processing
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Media formulation and optimization; sterilization of air and media; filtration-membrane filtration, ultrafiltration; centrifugation-high speed
and ultra; cell disruption; principles of chromatography-ion exchange, gel filtration, hydrophobic interaction, Affinity, GC, HPLC, and FPLC;
extraction, adsorption, and drying.
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Bioreaction Engineering
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Rate law, zero, and first-order kinetics; ideal reactors-batch, mixed flow, and plug flow; enzyme immobilization, diffusion effects-Thiele
modulus, effectiveness factor, Damkohler number; kinetics of cell growth, Substrate utilization, and product formation; structured and
unstructured models; batch, fed-batch, and continuous processes; microbial and enzyme reactors; optimization and scale up.
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Fundamentals of biological engineering
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Transport Process
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Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, fluid flow-laminar and turbulent; mixing in bioreactors, mixing time; molecular Diffusion and film
theory; oxygen transfer and uptake in a bioreactor, kLa and its measurement; conductive and convective heat transfer,
LMTD, Overall heat transfer coefficient; heat exchangers
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Classic Thermodynamics and Bioenergetics
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Laws of thermodynamics; solution thermodynamics; phase equilibrium, reaction equilibrium; ligand binding; membrane
potential; energetics of metabolic pathways, oxidation, and reduction reactions
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