Features of Individual Bones - Upper Limb
Human body’s skeleton has been divided into axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. Appendicular skeleton has been further separated into the upper limb and lower limb. Read the article to know more.
Nivedita Dar15 Aug, 2024
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What are the bones of the upper limb ?
The bones of the upper limb have been categorized into four main categories namely shoulder girdle, arm, forearm and hand.
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What are the components of the shoulder girdle ?
Shoulder girdle is the proximal part of the upper limb. Shoulder girdle consists of two bones which are clavicle and scapula. Clavicle is also known as the collar bone which connects the arm to the body. It is a *S* shaped bone. Scapula is a triangular bone and is present between the second and eighth ribs in the upper back portion of the body. It has a prominent ridge, the spine which divides the bone in two parts the supraspinous and infraspinous fossa. The lateral aspect of the bone contains a cavity known as glenoid cavity which articulates with the head of the humerus forming the shoulder joint.Read More - Pharyngeal Arches
What are the bones of the arm ?
Humerus
It is the only bone which is present in the arm. It is a long bone and present between shoulder and elbow. It has a rounded head at the upper end which articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula. Its distal end is involved in the formation of elbow joint by articulating with the forearm bones. It has supracondylar ridges, epicondyles, trochlea and capitulum inferiorly.Read More - Pelvis and Perineum
What are the bones in the forearm ?
Forearm contains two bones namely radius and ulna.Radius
It is present on the lateral side of the forearm. The radius pivots around the ulna to produce movement at the proximal and distal radioulnar joints. Radius articulates with the carpal bones to form the wrist jointUlna
It is one of the two forearm bones which is present on the medial side .The upper end of this bone presents a large ‘c’ shaped notch known as trochlear notch which articulates with the trochlea of humerus to form the elbow joint. Outer side of the bone presents another notch known as radial notch which articulates with the radius at the elbow joint.What are the bones in hand ?
Carpal , metacarpal and phalanges are the bones present in our hand. Carpals are present in wrists and are eight in number and irregularly shaped. Carpal bones are scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate. Metacarpal are another group of bones in our hand. They are five in number and named simply in numbers from one to five. Phalanges are the bones which support digits and these bones are arranged consecutively. These are named as proximal, middle and distal phalanges.Features of Individual Bones Upper Limb FAQs
What is the pectoral girdle and what are its functions?
Pectoral girdle is nothing but the shoulder girdle which consists of two bones, scapula and clavicle. It functions as the attachment point of the upper limb to the axial skeleton. It also allows a large range of movement at the shoulder joint.
Which bones are involved in the formation of the elbow joint?
Elbow joint is formed by the articulation of the trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna. Head of radius and capitulum of the humerus are also involved in joint formation.
What is the significance of radioulnar joints and what movement does it allow ?
Radioulnar joints are at two locations I.e proximal radioulnar joint and distal radioulnar joint. These joints are involved in supination and pronation of the forearm
What is the radiocarpal joint and what are the movements allowed at this joint?
Radiocarpal joint is nothing but the wrist joint. It is an articulation between the radius and carpal bones of the hand. It allows flexion, extension, abduction and adduction.
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