JEE Main Physics Formulas 2026: Chapter-Wise Important Equations

JEE Main Physics Formulas 2026 include the most frequently asked JEE Main Physics equations required to solve numerical and conceptual questions in the exam. Regular practice and revision of these formulas improve speed, accuracy, and confidence, making them essential for every aspirant.

This guide acts as concise JEE Main Physics revision notes, covering Mechanics, Electrodynamics, Thermodynamics, Optics, Waves, and Modern Physics.

Important JEE Main Physics Formulas 2026

Below are the chapter-wise most important Physics formulas JEE Main for easy understanding and recall.

Mechanics Formulas

Mechanics forms the foundation of Physics and includes motion, force, energy, rotation, and gravitation.

Kinematics

• Velocity:
  v = u + at
  
  

• Displacement:
  s = ut + ½at²
  
  

• Velocity–Displacement relation:
  v² = u² + 2as
  
  

Projectile Motion

• Time of Flight:
  T = (2u sinθ) / g
  
  

• Maximum Height:
  H = (u² sin²θ) / (2g)
  
  

• Range:
  R = (u² sin2θ) / g
  
  

Newton’s Laws of Motion

• Force:
  F = ma
  
  

• Frictional Force:
  F = μN
  
  

Work, Energy, and Power

• Work Done:
  W = Fd cosθ
  
  

• Kinetic Energy:
  KE = ½mv²
  
  

• Gravitational Potential Energy:
  PE = mgh
  
  

Rotational Dynamics

• Torque:
  τ = Iα
  
  

• Angular Momentum:
  L = Iω
  
  

Gravitation

• Escape Velocity:
  ve = √(2GM / R)
  
  

• Orbital Velocity:
  vo = √(GM / r)
  
  

• Gravitational Potential:
  V = −GM / r
  
  

Electrodynamics and Magnetism Formulas

This section covers electric charges, current, fields, and magnetic effects.

Electrostatics & Capacitance

• Coulomb’s Law:
  F = k(q₁q₂ / r²)
  
  

• Electric Field:
  E = F / Q
  
  

• Electric Potential:
  V = kq / r
  
  

• Capacitance (Parallel Plate):
  C = ε₀A / d
  
  

• Energy Stored in Capacitor:
  U = ½CV²
  
  

Current Electricity

• Ohm’s Law:
  V = IR
  
  

• Current:
  I = Q / t
  
  

• Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law:
  ΣΔV = 0
  
  

Magnetic Effects of Current

• Biot–Savart Law:
  dB = (μ₀ / 4π) × (I dl sinθ / r²)
  
  

• Magnetic Force on Charge:
  F = q (v × B)

Heat and Thermodynamics Formulas

The Heat and Thermodynamics is an important chapter for JEE Main Physics. The key formulas of this chapter are provided below:

Thermodynamics

• First Law:
  ΔU = Q − W
  
  

• Work Done (Isothermal Process):
  W = nRT ln(V₂ / V₁)
  
  

• Carnot Engine Efficiency:
  η = 1 − (T₂ / T₁)
  
  

Kinetic Theory of Gases

• Ideal Gas Equation:
  PV = nRT
  
  

• RMS Speed:
  vrms = √(3RT / M)

Optics and Waves Formulas

Here are the important JEE Main Physics Formulas from the Optics and Waves chapter:

Ray & Wave Optics

• Lens Maker’s Formula:
  1/f = (μ − 1)(1/R₁ − 1/R₂)
  
  

• Mirror Formula:
  1/f = 1/v + 1/u
  
  

• Young’s Double Slit Fringe Width:
  β = λD / d
  
  

Oscillations and Waves

• SHM Displacement:
  x = A sin(ωt + φ)
  
  

• Time Period of Simple Pendulum:
  T = 2π√(L / g)
  
  

• Doppler Effect:
  f′ = f[(v ± vo)/(v ∓ vs)]

Modern Physics and Semiconductors Formulas

Students must learn these formulas to strengthen Modern Physics and Semiconductor concepts for JEE Main:

Atoms, Nuclei & Dual Nature

• Photovoltaic Equation:
  Kmax = hf − φ
  
  

• De Broglie Wavelength:
  λ = h / p
  
  

• Radioactive Decay Law:
  N = N₀e⁻ˡᵗ
  
  

Semiconductors

• Mass Action Law:
  ni² = ne nh
  
  

• Transistor Current Gain:
  β = IC / IB

How to Use JEE Main Physics Formula Sheet Effectively?

The JEE Main Physics Formulas sheet is a crucial tool for aspirants to learn all the important formulas and equations quickly. Here’s how you can use it effectively to boost your JEE Main Physics score:

• Revise Daily, Not Occasionally: Spend 15–20 minutes daily revising formulas to improve recall speed and reduce exam-time panic.

• Understand the Formula Meaning:  Know what each term represents physically; understanding helps apply formulas correctly in tricky questions.

• Link Formulas with Concepts: Connect every formula to a concept or question type so you know when and where to use it.

• Practice PYQs with the Formula Sheet: Solve previous year questions using the formula sheet to train quick identification and application.

• Check Dimensions: Use dimensional analysis to verify formulas and eliminate incorrect options in MCQs.

• Maintain Unit Consistency:  Always convert values to SI units to avoid calculation errors despite knowing the right formula.

• Focus on High-Weightage Topics: Revise formulas from Modern Physics, Current Electricity, and Electromagnetism more frequently.

• Use Before and After Mock Tests: Revise before mocks and note forgotten formulas after mocks to strengthen weak areas.