Karnataka 2nd PUC Biology Chapter 9 Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Important Questions 2027

Biotechnology becomes easier to revise when its processes, tools and applications are arranged around the concepts students need for the examination. Karnataka 2nd PUC Biology Chapter 9 Important Questions 2027 brings together MCQs and 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-mark questions on genetic engineering, restriction enzymes, cloning vectors, PCR and bioreactors. Concise tables further support quick revision of important terms, steps and biotechnology processes.

For effective preparation, students can align their revision with the prescribed Karnataka 2nd PUC Syllabus 2026-27, which outlines the topics covered in the course. The Karnataka 2nd PUC Exam Pattern 2027 can also help students understand the marks distribution and question types while practising these chapterwise questions.

2nd PUC Biology Chapter 9 Important Questions 

2nd PUC Biology Chapter 9 Important Questions with Answers cover essential biotechnology concepts through MCQs on genetic engineering, restriction enzymes, cloning vectors, PCR, bioreactors and recombinant DNA technology. 

Q1. In ‘EcoRI’ R stands for

• (A) Genus

• (B) Species

• (C) Strain

• (D) Restriction enzyme

Answer: (C) Strain. In EcoRI, E is the genus, co is the species, R is the strain (RY 13) and I is the order of isolation.

Q2. By which method is rDNA directly placed in nucleus of animal cell?

• (A) Gene gun (biolistics)

• (B) Heat shock

• (C) CaCl2

• (D) Micro-injection

Answer: (D) Micro-injection.

Q3. The best cloning organism for genetic engineering and biotechnology is

• (A) Agrobacterium

• (B) Pseudomonas

• (C) E. coli

• (D) Lambda phage

Answer: (C) E. coli.

Q4. PCR technique is considered as best for

• (A) DNA synthesis

• (B) DNA amplification

• (C) Protein synthesis

• (D) Amino acid synthesis

Answer: (B) DNA amplification. PCR copies the gene of interest millions of times.

Q5. Bacteria protects themselves from viral attack by producing

• (A) Exonuclease

• (B) Endonuclease

• (C) DNA ligase

• (D) Gyrase

Answer: (B) Endonuclease. Restriction enzymes were first found in E. coli as systems that limit bacteriophage growth.

Q6. The taq polymerase enzyme is obtained from:

• (A) Thermus aquaticus

• (B) Thiobacillus ferroxidans

• (C) Bacillus subtilis

• (D) Pseudomonas putida

Answer: (A) Thermus aquaticus. It is a thermostable DNA polymerase.

Q7. An enzyme catalysing the removal of nucleotides from the ends of DNA is

• (A) Endonuclease

• (B) Exonuclease

• (C) DNA ligase

• (D) Hind-II

Answer: (B) Exonuclease.

Q8. How many fragments will be generated, if a closed circular DNA molecule is digested using a restriction enzyme having six recognition sites on the DNA?

• (A) 12

• (B) 6

• (C) 3

• (D) 0

Answer: (B) 6. A circular DNA gives as many fragments as the number of cuts.

Q9. The DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can be visualised after staining with

• (A) bromophenol blue

• (B) acetocarmine

• (C) aniline blue

• (D) ethidium bromide

Answer: (D) ethidium bromide. The stained DNA is seen under UV light.

Q10. Agrobacterium tumefaciens deliver a piece of DNA into dicot plant. The piece of DNA is called as

• (A) rDNA

• (B) T-DNA

• (C) mDNA

• (D) cDNA

Answer: (B) T-DNA.

Q11. The first restriction endonuclease reported was

• (A) Hind II

• (B) EcoRI

• (C) Hind III

• (D) Bam HI

Answer: (A) Hind II.

Q12. If the r-plasmid does not have an insert, it will give colonies of which colour?

• (A) Green colour

• (B) Red colour

• (C) Blue colour

• (D) No colour

Answer: (C) Blue colour. Non-recombinants keep a working β-galactosidase enzyme, while recombinants give white colonies by insertional inactivation.

Karnataka 2nd PUC Biology Chapter 9 PDF

The 2nd PUC Biology Chapter 9 PDF on the official DPUE site has the chapter-wise MCQs for Biotechnology: Principles and Processes with the answer key. Students can save it for offline revision before tests.

Solve the Karnataka 2nd PUC Previous Year Question Paper and the Karnataka 2nd PUC Model Papers 2026-27 to see how these questions appear in a real paper. The Karnataka 2nd PUC Mid Term Question Paper is also useful for timed practice. 

Important Topics in Karnataka 2nd PUC Biology: Biotechnology Principles and Processes

Go through these points first, then try the questions again:

• Principles of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering changes the genetic material of a host, and bioprocess engineering keeps conditions sterile for large-scale growth.

• Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology: Restriction enzymes, polymerases, ligases, vectors and the host organism.

• Cloning Vectors: Plasmids like pBR322, origin of replication, selectable markers such as ampicillin and tetracycline resistance, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens for plants.

• Competent Host: Calcium treatment, micro-injection and the gene gun make a host ready to take up DNA.

• Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology: Isolation of DNA, cutting and PCR, ligation and insertion, and large-scale culture.

• Bioreactors and Downstream Processing: Stirred-tank types, separation, purification and testing of the product before it reaches the market.

Students who revise these six topics well can answer most of the questions in this chapter with ease.

How to Prepare for Karnataka 2nd PUC Biology Chapter 9

A simple 5-step plan to revise this chapter fast:

1. Learn the terms first: Palindromic sequence, sticky ends, ori, selectable marker and competent host give easy marks.

2. Practise MCQs daily: Many questions are fact-based, so short daily practice works well.

3. Learn the EcoRI name and the PCR steps: Know what each letter means and the three steps with their temperatures.

4. Draw and label: Practise the steps of recombinant DNA technology and the two types of bioreactors.

5. Solve previous year papers: Many questions repeat with small changes.

Karnataka 2nd PUC Biology Chapter 9 Important Questions 2027 cover the principles, tools, vectors, PCR and bioreactors of biotechnology in easy steps. Regular practice of the questions above will help you score full marks in Biotechnology: Principles and Processes.

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