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INPhO Syllabus 2025 & Exam Pattern

The INPhO Syllabus 2025-26 for the Indian National Physics Olympiad encompasses Physics topics of Class 11 and 12. We have shared the details of the INPhO Syllabus and Exam Pattern for the INPhO Exam 2025 to be held in February 2026 (Tentative)
authorImagePriyanka Dahima31 Oct, 2025
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INPhO Syllabus & Exam Pattern

INPhO Syllabus 2025-26: The Homi Baba Science Education Centre (HBSEC) conducts the Indian National Physics Olympiad (INPhO), a national-level examination for students in higher secondary schools to identify and nurture young scientific talent in India. INPhO Syllabus 2025 for candidates includes subjects from the Physics sections. INPhO Syllabus 2025 contains the CBSE Class 11 and 12 Physics Syllabus.

The INPhO Examination is held every year in February 2025, as per the officials, and it is very important to go through the details of the INPhO Syllabus 2025-26 and Exam Pattern.

INPhO Previous Year Question Paper

INPhO Syllabus 2025-26

This INPhO syllabus covers the core subjects required for INPhO 2025 and ensures a comprehensive understanding of various scientific concepts. Students should check carefully before applying for INPhO 2025 and ensure they meet all the eligibility criteria. The Indian National Physics Olympiad is the second step towards the International Physics Olympiad (IPhO) selection process and is used to screen applicants for the Orientation-Cum-Selection-Camp in Physics.

This will help to avoid any problems that may arise during selection. You will be guided through the INPhO Exam Pattern, question types and effective strategies. In the table below, we have provided an overview of the INPhO Syllabus 2025.
INPhO Syllabus 2025-26 Overview
Organization Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education (affiliated with the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research – HBCSE)
Exam Name Indian National Physics Olympiad (INPhO)
INPhO 2025-26 Exam Date February 2025
Mode of Exam Pen and Paper Mode
Type of Questions Multiple Choice Questions
Official Website https://www.iapt.org.in/

INPhO Exam Pattern 2025

We have tabulated below the details of the INPhO Exam Pattern 2025 for the Exam to be held in February 2025. Duration of the examinations will be 3 hours.
INPhO Exam Pattern 2025-26
Duration of Exam Three hours
Test Paper Level/ Syllabus Is broadly equivalent to senior secondary level (up to and including Class XII) of CBSE India
Test Medium/ Language Question paper will be in English & Hindi (Option during registration).Type of questions – Descriptive
Total Number of Questions 6
Total Marks 80

INPhO Syllabus 2025

INPhO Syllabus is equivalent to senior secondary level (including Classes 11 and Class 12). Students must cover all important topics and subtopics of CBSE physics to pass the exam. The INPhO Syllabus 2025 is the same as last year and Students can use this as a starting point for their test preparation.
INPhO Syllabus 2025
Chapter Topics
Mechanics
  • Establishment of the Kinematics of a point mass.
  • Newton's Laws and Inertial systems.
  • Closed and Open systems Momentum and Energy, Power work.
  • Conservation of Energy, Impulse, Conservation of Linear Momentum.
  • Elastic forces, The law of Gravitation, Frictional Forces,
  • Potential Energy, Work in a Gravitational Field, Centripetal Acceleration, Kepler's Laws.
Mechanics of Rigid Bodies
  • Statics, Torque, Centre of Mass.
  • The motion of rigid bodies, Translation, Angular velocity, Rotation, Angular Acceleration, and Conservation of Angular Momentum.
  • Identification of motion of a rigid body around the fixed axis, Kinetic energy of a rotating body, Moment of inertia, External and Internal Forces.
  • Accelerated reference systems and inertial forces.
Hydromechanics
  • No particular questions will be asked from this topic but students should know the elementary concepts of pressure, the continuity law, and buoyancy.
Thermodynamics and Molecular Physics
  • Internal energy, First and Second laws of Thermodynamics, Work and Heat.
  • Model of a perfect gas, Pressure and molecular kinetic energy, Formulation of state of a perfect gas, Avogadro's number, Absolute Temperature.
  • The accomplishment of work by an expanding gas limited to isothermal and adiabatic processes.
  • The Carnot cycle, Reversible and Irreversible processes, Thermodynamics Efficiency, Entropy (statistical approach), and Boltzmann factor.
Oscillations and Waves
  • Harmonic oscillations and the equation of Harmonic Oscillation.
  • Harmonic waves, Transverse and Longitudinal Waves, Propagation of waves, Linear polarization, Sound waves, The Classical Doppler effect.
  • Superposition of harmonic waves, Interference, Coherent waves, Standing waves, Beats
Electric Charge and Electric Field
  • Conservation of charge, Coulomb's law
  • Electric field, Gauss' Law, Potential
  • Dielectric constant and energy density of the electric field, Capacitors, and Capacitance, etc.
Current and Magnetic Field
  • Ohm's law, Internal resistance of source, Kirchhoff's laws, Joule's law, Work Current Resistance, Work and power of direct and alternating currents.
  • The magnetic field of a current, Lorentz force, Current in a magnetic field.
  • Ampere's law
  • Law of electromagnetic induction, Lenz's law, Magnetic Flux, Self-induction, Energy Density of Magnetic field, Inductance, Permeability.
  • Voltage and Current (series and parallel) Resonances, Resistors, Inductors and Capacitors in AC circuits, Alternating current.
Electromagnetic Waves
  • Generation by feedback and resonance, Frequency of Oscillations, Oscillatory circuit.
  • Wave optics, Diffraction grating, Diffraction from one and two slits, Bragg reflection, Resolving power of a grating.
  • Line spectra of gases, and Dispersion and Diffraction spectra
  • Electromagnetic waves as transverse waves, Polarizers, Polarization by reflection.
  • Resolving Power of Imaging Systems. Black body and Stefan-Boltzmann’s law.
Quantum Physics
  • The impulse of the Photon, and Photoelectric effect and energy
  • De Broglie Wavelength and Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
Relativity
  • Principle of Relativity, Relativistic Doppler effect, Addition of velocities.
  • Energy, Momentum, Relation between energy and mass, Conservation of energy and Momentum, Relativistic identification of motion.
  • Simple applications of the Bragg equation.
  • Energy levels of atoms and molecules (qualitatively),  Absorption, Spectrum of hydrogen-like atoms emission.
  • Alpha- Beta-Gamma-Decomposition, half-life, and exponential decay, Absorption of radiation, Components of nuclei, Nuclear reactions, Mass defect, Energy levels of nuclei (qualitatively).

INPhO Exam Preparation Tips

The INPhO is part of a five-stage exam process that includes the National Standard Examination in Physics (NSEP), the Orientation Cum Selection Camp (OCSC), the Pre-departure Training Camp (PDT), and the International Physics Olympiad (IPhO).
  • Study the INPhO Syllabus : Understand the topics covered in the INPHO Syllabus.
  • Practice with INPhO PYQ : Solve practice papers and previous years' INPhO papers to get familiar with the exam's format and difficulty level.
  • Take a INPhO Online Coaching : Enroll in an online or in-person INPhO course that focuses on the exam.
  • Develop a study plan : Create a schedule to help you stay on track.
  • Work on experimental skills : Develop your experimental skills.
  • Participate in other Olympiads : Take part in national and regional Olympiads.
  • Join a study group : Join an online study group.
  • Start early : Begin preparing early for the INPhO Examination so that you can complete curriculum on time.

INPhO Syllabus 2024-25 FAQs

Q1. Where can I get the INPhO Syllabus 2025?

Ans. You can get the comprehensive and accurate details of the INPhO Syllabus 2025 as per the NCERT Syllabus of Class 11 and 12 at the PW Blog.

Q2. What is the mode and duration of INPhO Exam 2025?

Ans. The INPhO Exam 2025 is conducted through Pen and Paper Mode for 3 Hours.

Q3. What is the difficulty level of INPhO 2025?

Ans. As per the previous year trend the difficulty level of INPhO 2025 will be moderate.

Q4. What are the Stages of IPhO?

Ans. Stage I: National Standard Examination in Physics (NSEP) – Stage 2: INPhO (Indian National Physics Olympiad) Stage 3: Orientation Cum Selection Camp (OCSC) – Stage 4: PDT stands for Pre-departure Training Camp for IPhO. Stage5: IPhO (International Physics Olympiad) – IPhO stands for Indian National Physics Olympiad

Q5. Who is eligible for INPhO?

Ans. The National Standard Examination in Physics (NSEP) is a national exam for students in grades 10-12. It's used to shortlist students for INPHO. Students must be under 20 years old by June 30 of the IPHO year and cannot have passed Class 12. Past participants in IPHO or APHO are eligible for INPHO directly.
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