CBSE Class 12 Board Exam 2026: 3 PW Videos for Last-Minute Geography Marathon

With the Geography board exam scheduled for 26 February 2026, students are now in the crucial last phase of revision. At this stage, focused practice on high-weightage and frequently asked concepts can significantly improve performance. Previous papers from the Central Board of Secondary Education show a clear pattern — core concepts are asked every year, but the questions are reframed.

This curated set of expected questions is designed to strengthen conceptual clarity, improve answer structuring, and increase scoring potential. If prepared well, some of these questions may appear directly or indirectly in the examination. Consistent practice, especially of diagrams and maps, can help convert knowledge into marks efficiently.

Class 12 Geography Board Exam 2026 Most Expected Questions

Class 12 Geography most questions test conceptual understanding rather than memorisation. Most board MCQs are framed from repeated themes like human development, resources, population, and planning. Practising them improves analytical thinking and accuracy under time pressure.

Most Expected MCQs of CBSE Class 12 Geography

Empowerment refers to increasing people’s ability to make informed choices through education, health access, and policy support.

1. Assertion (A): Empowerment means having the power to make choices.
Reason (R): Empowerment comes from increasing freedom and capability supported by good governance and people-oriented policies.
Choose the correct option.

2. Identify the approach of human development in which people are treated as beneficiaries of development activities and government expenditure focuses on education, health, and basic amenities.

3. Which of the following statements is true regarding the changing pattern of India’s imports since independence?
A. Early imports included food grains, capital goods, machinery, and equipment.
B. After the Green Revolution, food grain imports declined while fertilizer and petroleum imports increased.
C. Petroleum imports increased due to industrialization and rising living standards.
D. All of the above.

4. A state government seeks greater autonomy in planning and better coordination with the central government. Which institution established in 2015 promotes cooperative federalism to achieve this goal?

5. Assertion (A): Rice cultivation in Punjab and Haryana shows high productivity.
Reason (R): High-yielding seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and improved irrigation boosted production.
Choose the correct option.

6. Which of the following statements about Indian ports is correct?
A. Kochi Port is a natural harbour located near the international sea route.
B. Kolkata Port faces serious siltation problems.
C. Paradip Port handles large-scale exports.
D. Chennai Port is an artificial harbour.
Choose the correct option.

7. A farmer in Haryana uses tube wells extensively and grows rice, causing groundwater decline. What is the most appropriate reason to shift to less water-intensive crops?

8. Assertion (A): The Drought Prone Area Programme expanded to include irrigation and infrastructure development.
Reason (R): The programme was limited only to urban drinking water supply.
Choose the correct option.

9. A district planning officer wants to promote metallurgical industries. Which resource group should be prioritized?

10. Match the stages of India’s demographic transition with their characteristics. Identify the correct matching option.

11. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of rainwater harvesting?
A. Increases water availability
B. Checks declining groundwater table
C. Improves groundwater quality
D. Helps in hydroelectricity production

12. Which railway line in Canada connects Halifax to Vancouver through major cities?

13. Consider the following statements about groundwater resources in India. Which are correct?

14. Assertion (A): Renewable energy sources are environment-friendly.
Reason (R): They are sustainable and do not deplete finite resources.
Choose the correct option.

15. Consider the following statements about Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana. Which are correct?

16. Study sectoral employment composition in India (2011). Which statement is correct?

17. Why does the Bharamour region still lack sufficient infrastructure development?

18. Which areas in the Bharamour region remained backward and received less benefit from development programmes?

19. Which measure was NOT adopted after 1991 to promote liberalisation affecting agriculture?

20. Study the data related to groundwater depletion. Which statement is correct?

Subjective Based Questions (Numbered)

21. What is meant by density of population? Explain physical and economic factors affecting population distribution.

22. With the help of a neat and labelled diagram, explain the three stages of the Demographic Transition Theory.

23. Examine the features of cottage manufacturing or household industries.

24. How is naturalisation of humans different from humanisation of nature?

25. The approaches to the study of human geography have evolved over time. Explain how schools of thought changed the approach.

26. Illustrate any three characteristics of the most effective and advanced personal communication system in India.

27. “The basic goal of development is to create conditions where people can live a meaningful life.” Explain.

28. How do people’s choices get affected due to lack of human development?

29. What are the features of the National Youth Policy?

Map-Based Questions Strategy and Practice

Map questions are among the highest scoring sections because answers are objective and quick.

India Map Practice Examples

30. State with lowest population density

31. Leading producer of coffee

32. Hazaribagh copper mine location

33. International airport location

34. Manganese mine in Karnataka

35. Oil refinery in Uttar Pradesh

36. Major sea port identification

37. Paradip Port location

38. Leading cotton producing state

39. Leading jute producing state

40. Bauxite mine in Madhya Pradesh

41. Copper mine in Rajasthan

42. Iron ore mine in Odisha

43. International airport in Tamil Nadu

World Map Practice Examples

44. Rhine inland waterway

45. Nomadic herding region

46. Major airport in Brazil

47. Subsistence agriculture region

48. Argentina livestock region

49. Moscow international airport

50. Vladivostok railway terminal

How Geography Most Expected Questions Help in Exam Preparation?

These expected questions are not random predictions. They are based on recurring board trends where concepts such as human development, population change, resources, and planning are repeatedly tested. Preparing them ensures conceptual clarity and reduces exam anxiety.

Since board questions often repeat themes with different wording, mastering these topics improves adaptability during the exam. Students who revise such structured questions can write faster, present answers logically, and avoid confusion in the examination hall.

Importance of Diagrams in Geography Answers

Diagrams play a crucial role in Geography scoring. Concepts like demographic transition, population pyramids, resource distribution, and industrial location become clearer when supported by labelled diagrams.

Well-drawn diagrams improve presentation quality and help examiners understand answers quickly. Even when not explicitly asked, adding a relevant diagram can enhance marks. Practising neat labelling and correct structure is essential for high scores.