Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4: Lakhmir Singh’s Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4: Carbon and Its Compounds explains the versatile nature of carbon, its covalent bonding, and the formation of organic compounds.
It covers saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, functional groups, homologous series, and nomenclature of organic compounds. The chapter discusses important chemical properties such as combustion, oxidation, addition, and substitution reactions. It also explores soap and detergent action with their cleansing mechanisms. The chapter emphasizes practical applications and reactions like ethanol and ethanoic acid properties. The solutions provide step-by-step explanations to NCERT-based questions, enhancing conceptual clarity and exam preparation.
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4 Overview
Lakhmir Singh’s Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds explains the unique bonding of carbon, hydrocarbons, functional groups, homologous series, and nomenclature. It covers key reactions like combustion, oxidation, addition, and substitution along with real-life applications of ethanol, ethanoic acid, soaps, and detergents.
The solutions provide step-by-step explanations, helping students grasp concepts easily and develop strong problem-solving skills. These solutions enhance conceptual clarity, making exam preparation effective by covering NCERT-based questions with simplified answers. They also aid in competitive exam readiness and build a strong foundation for higher studies in chemistry.
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4 PDF
Lakhmir Singh’s Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4: Carbon and Its Compounds provides a detailed understanding of carbon’s bonding, hydrocarbons, functional groups, and key chemical reactions like combustion, oxidation, and substitution. The solutions offer step-by-step explanations, ensuring better conceptual clarity and exam preparation. Below, we have provided a PDF containing comprehensive solutions to help students understand and revise the chapter effectively.
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4 PDF
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4 Carbon and its Compounds
1. Name the element whose one of the allotropic forms is buckminsterfullerene.
Solution:
Carbon is an element whose one of the allotropic form is buckminsterfullerene.
2. What are the two properties of carbon which lead to the formation of a large number of carbon compounds?
Solution:
Catenation (Self linking of carbon atoms to form long chains) and Tetravalency.
3. State whether the following statement is true or false:
Diamond and graphite are the covalent compounds of carbon element (C).
Solution:
False. Diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon.
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4. Name the scientist who disproved the ‘vital force theory’ for the formation of organic compounds.
Friedrich Wohler is the scientist who disproved the vital force theory for the formation of organic compounds.
5. Name the element whose allotropic form is graphite.
Solution:
Carbon is an element whose allotropic form is graphite.
6. In addition to some propane and ethane, LPG cylinders contain mainly two isomers of another alkane. Name the two isomers and write their condensed structural formula.
Solution:
n-butane and iso-butane are the two isomers of another alkane.
n-butane: CH3CH2CH2CH3
Iso-butane: CH3CHCH3
|
CH3
7. Buckminsterfullerene is a spherical molecule in which 60 carbon atoms are arranged in interlocking hexagonal and pentagonal rings of carbon atoms.
(a) How many hexagons of carbon atoms are present in one molecule of buckminsterfullerene?
(b) How many pentagons of carbon atoms are present in one molecule of buckminsterfullerene?
Solution:
(a) 20 hexagons of carbon atoms are present in one molecule of buckminsterfullerene
(b) 12 pentagons of carbon atoms are present in one molecule of buckminsterfullerene
8. Name the black substance of the pencil. Will the current flow through the electrical circuit when we use the sharpened ends of the pencil to complete the circuit?
Solution;
The black substance inside a pencil is graphite. Yes, current will flow through the electrical circuit since graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
9. How does graphite act as a lubricant?
Solution:
Graphite has a hexagonal structure, and a force exists between the layers. This weak force can slide over one another, making the graphite in a slippery form and acting as a lubricant.
10. Name the hardest natural substance known.
Solution:
Diamond is the hardest natural substance.
11. Which of the following molecule is called buckminsterfullerene?
C90 , C60 , C70 , C120
Solution:
C60 is called buckminsterfullerene
12. What do you call the compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms?
Solution:
Isomers are compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms.
13. (a) What is the atomic number of carbon. Write its electronic configuration.
(b) What type of chemical bonds are formed by carbon? Why?
(c) Name the three allotropic forms of carbon.
Solution:
(a) (a) The atomic number of carbon is 6. Its electronic configuration is 2,4.
(b) Carbon forms covalent bonds because it can achieve the inert gas electron arrangement only by sharing of electrons.
(c) Diamond, graphite and buckminsterfullerene are the three allotropes of carbon.
14. (a) What is the general name of all the compounds made up of carbon and hydrogen?
(b) Why does carbon form compounds mainly by covalent bonding?
Solution:
(a) Hydrocarbons is the general name of all compounds made up of carbon and hydrogen
(b) Carbon forms compounds mainly by covalent bonding in order to achieve the inert gas configuration by sharing electrons.
15. (a) What is buckminsterfullerene? How is it related to diamond and graphite?
(b) Why is diamond used for making cutting tools but graphite is not?
(c) Why is graphite used for making dry cell electrodes but diamond is not?
Solution:
(a) Buckminsterfullerene is an allotrope of carbon-containing clusters of 60 carbon atoms joined together to form spherical molecules. It burns on heating to form carbon dioxide, and nothing is left behind. This shows that it is made up of carbon only, like diamond and graphite.
(b) Diamond is used for making cutting tools, but graphite is not because diamond is a very hard substance, and graphite is a soft substance.
(c) Graphite is used for making dry cell electrodes but diamond is not because graphite is a good conductor of electricity, whereas diamond is a bad conductor of electricity.
16. Catenation is the ability of an atom to form bonds with other atoms of the same element. It exhibits both carbon and silicon. Compare the ability of catenation of the two elements. Give reasons.
Solutions:
Catenation is the ability of an element to form bonds with other atoms of the same element. It is exhibited by both carbon and silicon. The ability of catenation in carbon is greater than in silicon. The nucleus of carbon exerts a greater force of attraction on the shared pair of electrons and holds them firmly to form covalent bonds. This is the reason behind the ability of carbon to hold n number of atoms.
17. (a) How can diamonds be made artificially? How do synthetic diamonds differ from natural ones?
(b) Give any two differences between the properties of diamond and graphite. What causes these differences?
Solution:
By subjecting the pure carbon to a very high pressure and temperature, diamonds can be made artificially.
(b)(i) Diamond is hard in nature, whereas graphite is soft.
(ii) Diamond can conduct electricity whereas graphite cannot it is a poor conductor of electricity.
The arrangement of carbon atoms in these two are different, hence causes for the difference in properties.
18. (a) What is the unique property of a carbon atom? How is this property helpful to us?
(b) Explain why diamond is hard while graphite is soft.
Solution:
(a) Carbon can form long chains by combining atoms with atoms. Catenation is the unique property of a carbon atom. This gives a large number of carbon compounds or organic compounds.
(b) Diamond and graphite are made up of carbon. Diamond is hard, and graphite is soft. Because the strong covalent bond between carbon forms a tetrahedron which is hard to break. Graphite is a flat hexagonal ring forming layers of carbon atoms.
Benefits of Using Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 4
Concept Clarity – Simplified explanations of carbon compounds, bonding, reactions, and applications help students understand concepts effectively.
Step-by-Step Solutions – Detailed answers to NCERT-based questions enhance problem-solving skills and logical reasoning.
Exam Preparation – Covers important topics, previous years' questions, and exercises, helping students perform well in exams.
Easy Learning – Simple language and illustrative examples make complex topics easier to grasp.
Competitive Exam Readiness – Strengthens fundamentals for higher studies and entrance exams like JEE and NEET.
Quick Revision – Well-structured solutions allow efficient last-minute revision before exams.
