UP SI Reasoning 2026 Practice Set 3 - Complete Revision with Important Questions

UP SI Reasoning 2026 Practice Set 3 is a comprehensive revision session designed to strengthen the core reasoning concepts essential for competitive exams. This practice set focuses on enhancing analytical thinking, logical clarity, and problem-solving speed through important and exam-oriented questions. Covering topics such as analogies, number series, coding-decoding, blood relations, direction sense, dice problems, and logical inequalities, it provides step-by-step methods and smart techniques to improve accuracy. Ideal for UPSI 2026 aspirants, this revision class serves as a complete booster to refine reasoning skills and build confidence before the examination.

Reasoning Concepts

This comprehensive revision covers essential reasoning topics critical for the UPSI 2026 exam. We explore fundamental concepts and problem-solving techniques for various question types, including analogies, number series, coding-decoding, and logical inequalities. The focus is on clarity, step-by-step methods, and key strategies to enhance problem-solving efficiency and accuracy.

Analogies: Animal and Young

Analogy problems establish a relationship between a pair of words, which must then be applied to another pair. Here, the fundamental relationship is between an animal and its young.

• Example: Pig: Piglet (A piglet is the young of a pig.)

• Problem: Lion:?

• Following this logic, the young of a lion is a cub.

• Answer: cub

Classification of Concepts

This task involves identifying a general category that encompasses a given list of items.

• Given Items: Counting, Listing, Weight.

• Analysis: All three activities—Counting, Listing, and Weight—are types of Measurement.

• Counting quantifies.

• Listing can imply enumeration or tallying.

• Weight determines quantity.

• Conclusion: The encompassing category is Measurement.

Number Series: Double Difference Method

This problem type involves a number series where the difference between terms is not constant, requiring a second level of analysis.

• Series: 197, 216, 244, 281, 327,?

1. Calculate the First-Level Difference:

• 216 - 197 = +19

• 244 - 216 = +28

• 281 - 244 = +37

• 327 - 281 = +46

• Differences: 19, 28, 37, 46.

2. Calculate the Second-Level Difference: Since the first-level differences are not constant, find the difference between them.

• 28 - 19 = +9

• 37 - 28 = +9

• 46 - 37 = +9

• The second-level difference is a constant +9. This identifies it as a double difference series.

3. Predict the Next Term:

• Add the constant second-level difference to the last first-level difference: 46 + 9 = 55.

• Add this new difference to the last term of the original series: 327 + 55 = 382.

• Answer: 382

Symbolic Coding-Decoding

This problem requires identifying common words across different statements and matching them with common codes, often using elimination.

Given Statements & Codes:

1. kabuutar pakshi hai → ism blu fph

2. billi bhaag gayi → clu do lem

3. billi pakshi nahin → jkt lem fph

Question: Find the code for kabuutar bhaag nahin.

Decoding Process:

1. Identify "billi": Common in statements 2 and 3. Common code is lem. So, billi = lem.

2. Identify "pakshi": Common in statements 1 and 3. Common code is fph. So, pakshi = fph.

3. Identify "nahin": In statement 3, after billi (lem) and pakshi (fph), nahin must correspond to jkt. So, nahin = jkt.

To find the code for kabuutar bhaag nahin, we know nahin = jkt. Kabuutar will be one of ism or blu from statement 1, and bhaag will be one of clu or do from statement 2. The exact combination would typically be determined by comparing with the given options.

Letter Scrambling: Paired Reversal

This logic involves dividing a word into pairs of letters and reversing each pair.

• Example: For TAYLOR

• Pairs: (TA), (YL), (OR).

• Reversed: (AT), (LY), (RO).

• Coded word: ATLYRO.

• Application: To solve for a new word, apply the same pattern. (A quick way to check is to verify only a part of the word, like the last pair. If the original word ends in CT, the coded word must end in TC.)

Direction Sense: Working Backwards

This problem provides a final direction and asks for information about the starting point, solved by reversing turns.

Problem Summary: Amit travels 15 km (initial direction unknown), turns left and travels 5 km, turns left again and travels 15 km. He is now facing East. What is the distance from his starting point?

Solution Method ("GR Star Concept"):

1. Start from the End: The final leg was 15 km East.

2. Reverse the Last Turn: He took a left turn. To reverse, make a right turn. From the end of the 5 km segment, a right turn means he was going North for 5 km.

3. Reverse the First Turn: Before that, he took a left turn. To reverse, make a right turn. From the start of the initial 15 km segment, a right turn means he was initially heading East for 15 km.

The resulting path forms a rectangle where the starting and ending points are aligned. The distance from the starting point is 5 km.

(When working backward in direction problems: a left turn in the original path becomes a right turn in the reverse path, and a right turn becomes a left turn.)

Blood Relations: Decoding Statements

This requires decoding a complex statement to identify a family relationship.

• Statement: A boy, pointing to a woman, says, "She is the only daughter-in-law of the father of my father."

• Systematic Breakdown:

1. "My": Refers to the speaker (the boy).

2. "My father": The boy's father.

3. "The father of my father": The boy's paternal grandfather.

4. "The only daughter-in-law" of the paternal grandfather: This is the wife of the grandfather's only son (who is the boy's father).

• Conclusion: The woman is the boy's mother.

Coded Blood Relations

This problem uses symbols for family relationships, decoded sequentially.

• Expression: P - Q - R * S

• Codes:

• A - B means A is the sister of B.

• A * B means A is the mother of B.

• Decoding Step-by-Step:

1. P - Q: P is the sister of Q (P is female).

2. Q - R: Q is the sister of R (Q is female).

3. R * S: R is the mother of S (R is female).

• Family Tree: P, Q, and R are sisters. R is the mother of S.

• Question: What is the relationship of P to S?

• S's mother is R. P is the sister of R.

• Therefore, P is the sister of S's mother, making P the maternal aunt of S.

Number Analogy: Digit Operations

This problem relies on operations performed on the digits of a number.

• Problem: 29: 22:: 59:?

• Correct Logic:

1. For 29 : 22:

• Sum the digits of the first number: 2 + 9 = 11.

• Multiply the result by 2: 11 * 2 = 22.

2. For 59 : ?:

• Apply the same pattern. Sum the digits: 5 + 9 = 14.

• Multiply the result by 2: 14 * 2 = 28.

• Answer: The correct number is 28.

Odd One Out: Classification by Meaning

The task is to find the word that does not belong to the group based on its meaning.

• Given Words: Stain, Foul, Muddy, Clean

• Analysis:

• Stain, Foul, and Muddy all relate to being unclean or dirty.

• Clean means free from dirt, making it an antonym of the others.

• Conclusion: Clean is the odd one out.

Dice Problems: Finding Opposite Faces

To solve dice problems, first determine which faces are opposite each other using common faces.

• Method: Using a Common Face

1. Identify a face common to two different positions (e.g., 5).

2. Move clockwise from the common face on each die:

• Die 1 (Clockwise from 5): 1, 2

• Die 2 (Clockwise from 5): 3, 4

3. Faces that align are opposites: 1 is opposite 3, and 2 is opposite 4.

4. The remaining number (6) is opposite the common face (5).

• Solving for an Unknown Face ('C'): If a third die shows faces 2 and 6, the third visible face 'C' must be adjacent to both. Since a face cannot be adjacent to its opposite:

• 'C' cannot be 4 (opposite of 2).

• 'C' cannot be 5 (opposite of 6).

• Therefore, 'C' must be either 1 or 3.

Figure Completion: Visual Reasoning

This task requires identifying the missing piece of a visual pattern, often through elimination.

• Strategy: Analyze the main pattern to identify key features (e.g., no circles). Systematically eliminate any option that contains features not present in the pattern, like circles. The remaining option is the correct answer.

Sequence Analysis

This problem involves scanning a sequence to find occurrences of a specific pattern.

• Rule: Find the number of odd numbers that are immediately preceded by an even number.

• Pattern: (Even Number) → (Odd Number)

• Method: Scan the sequence, identify an odd number, then check if the number immediately before it is even. Count such pairs.

• Result: The total count of such pairs found in the sequence was five.

Concept: Even and Odd Numbers

An even number (सम संख्या) is any number completely divisible by 2. An odd number (विषम संख्या) is a number that is not divisible by 2.

Logical Inequalities: Conclusion Analysis

This problem analyzes conclusions based on a set of logical statements.

Conclusion 1: T > O

• Trace the path from T to O. Signs encountered include > and ≥.

• The ">" (greater than) sign has the highest precedence.

• Since the dominant sign > is present, T > O is correct.

Conclusion 2: D > A

• Trace the path from D to A, reversing inequality signs as you traverse backward.

• The path features the dominant > sign.

• Therefore, D > A is also correct.

• (A quick method is to assign a family hierarchy: दादा जी (Grandfather): > or < (highest priority); पापा जी (Father): ≥ or ≤ (second priority). If a Grandfather sign is in the path, the conclusion must contain it. If Grandfather is absent, Father takes priority.)

Logical Inequalities: Opposing Signs

This problem demonstrates the critical rule of handling opposing signs.

Given Statements: H > P … (and others forming a path between H and T, and E and P)

Conclusion 1: H < T

• The path from H to T includes opposing signs (e.g., > and <).

• When opposing signs are encountered in a continuous path, no definitive conclusion can be established.

• Therefore, this conclusion is incorrect.

Conclusion 2: E ≥ P

• The path from E to P contains a dominant > sign (Grandfather).

• The conclusion provided is E ≥ P (Father).

• According to the hierarchy rule, if the "Grandfather" (>) is present in the path, a conclusion based only on the "Father" (≥) is invalid.

• Therefore, this conclusion is also incorrect.

Solved Example: Finding a Common Date

This problem involves finding a specific date based on overlapping memory ranges from different individuals.

Methodology:

1. List possible dates for each person.

2. The correct date is the single common date in both lists.

Example 1:

• Neela: Birthday after Feb 12 and before Feb 16. Possible dates: {13, 14, 15}

• Sister: Birthday after Feb 14 and before Feb 20. Possible dates: {15, 16, 17, 18, 19}

• Answer: The common date is February 15th.

Example 2:

• Kamla: Event between Dec 12 and Dec 16. Possible dates: {13, 14, 15}

• Umesh: Event after Dec 14 and before Dec 17. Possible dates: {15, 16}

• Answer: The common date is December 15th.