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The UPSC syllabus for the IFS exam consists of General English, General Studies, Reasoning, Mathematics, and 14 optional subjects.
Is the syllabus the same for the UPSC IAS and IFS exams?
Yes, the syllabus for UPSC IAS and UPSC IFS exams prelims stage is the same. The main syllabus is slightly different for both exams due to different exam patterns.
Which subject is best for the UPSC IFS mains optional papers?
There are no such best subjects, candidates must choose as per their knowledge as the questions asked in these papers are graduate level.
Is there a negative marking in the UPSC IFS exam?
Yes, in the UPSC IFS prelims there is a negative marking of -.66 for Paper 1 and -.83 for Paper 2.
How many subjects are there in the UPSC IFS Mains exam?
There are 6 papers with two compulsory subjects and 14 optional subjects from which candidates must select two.
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025, Exam Pattern, Download Subject-wise Topics PDF
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 has been released by the Commission on its official website along with the exam pattern. Candidates can download the UPSC IFS Exam Syllabus 2025 PDF for Prelims and Mains
Anil Solonki14 Jul, 2025
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UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025: The Union Public Service Commission released the UPSC IFS Exam Syllabus 2025 along with the exam pattern on its official website. Candidates are strongly advised to stick to the suggested UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 and prepare according to the latest UPSC IFS Exam Pattern 2025. It covers a wide array of subjects, ranging from General Studies to specialized issues related to forestry, wildlife, and environmental science. IFS Exam Syllabus PDF has been designed to assess candidates on their broad knowledge of general topics and in-depth understanding of the natural sciences.
UPSC IFS Exam Syllabus 2025
Indian Forest Service Syllabus 2025 is divided into three main stages of the selection process: IFS prelims, IFS mains, and IFS interview. The Syllabus for IFS Prelims is the same as the UPSC Prelims syllabus. This is because the UPSC CSE Preliminary stage serves as a common screening test for both exams. The Indian Forest Service Syllabus 2025 is the key to unlocking successful results.
UPSC IFS Prelims Syllabus 2025
The UPSC IFS Prelims will have two papers, viz., Paper 1 General Studies I and Paper 2 General Studies II, also known as CSAT. The first paper evaluates candidates' general knowledge, such as current affairs; the second paper tests the candidate's aptitude for forest service. The Indian Forest Service prelims syllabus is as follows:
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 - Prelims
Paper
Topics
General Studies
Current Affairs: Events of national and international importance.
Geography of India and World: Physical, Economic, and Social Geography of India and the World.
History: India History and Indian National Movement.
Economic and Social Development: Social Sector Initiatives, Inclusion, Sustainable Development, Poverty, Demographics, etc.
Indian Polity and Governance : Constitution of India, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Rights Issues, Public Policy, etc.
Environment and Science: General issues on Environmental ecology, Climate Change, and Biodiversity.
General Science
CSAT
Reading Comprehension : English, Interpersonal skills including communication skills
Reasoning: Logical reasoning and analytical ability, decision-making, and problem-solving.
General Mental Ability: Class X level topics on basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.)
Data Interpretation: Class X level charts, tables, graphs, data sufficiency, etc.
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 PDF
The Commission has released the Syllabus for IFS on its official website in the PDF format. Candidate can be downloaded from the official website or the direct link given below:
UPSC IFS Mains Syllabus 2025
Indian Forest Service Mains Syllabus must be with every candidate given the marks of this stage to decide their selection. The UPSC IFS Syllabus for mains is distributed into 6 mains papers. Of these 4 are optional papers for which candidates select two subjects. The syllabus for the UPSC IFS main exam is as follows:
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 - Compulsory Subjects
The compulsory papers are General English and General Knowledge. Candidates have no choice of subjects in these papers. The topics covered in the UPSC IFS syllabus for compulsory papers are provided in the below table:
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 - Compulsory Papers
Subject
Topics
General English
One Essay in English
Other questions will be designed to test candidates’s understanding of English and workmanlike use of words.
Passages will usually be set for summary or precis.
General Knowledge
General Knowledge including knowledge of current events and of such matters as may be expected of an educated person who has not made a special study of any scientific subject.
The paper will also include questions on the following subjects:
Indian Polity including the political system
Constitution of India
History of India
Geography
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 - Optional Subjects
In UPSC IFS Mains, the candidates will have to opt for two optional subjects from the list of 14 subjects. The question papers for the optional subjects in the UPSC IFS Exam 2025 will consist of eight questions in total. These questions will be divided into two parts:
Part A: 4 questions
Part B : 4 questions
Candidates are required to attempt five questions out of the eight. One question from each part (A and B) will be compulsory. The UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 for optional papers is as follows:
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 - Optional Subjects
Subject
Topics
Agriculture
Paper I:
Ecology
Cropping patterns and related topics
Forestry plantations
Soil
Farm management
Agricultural extension, etc.
Paper II:
Cell Theory
Cytoplasmic inheritance
Seed technology
Physiology
Growth and development
Pests and diseases
Food production
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science
Paper I:
Animal Nutrition
Animal Physiology
Livestock Production and Management
Genetics and Animal Breeding
Paper II:
Health and Hygiene
Veterinary Public Health
Animal Diseases
Milk and Milk Products Technology
Meat Hygiene and Technology
Extension
Chemistry
Paper I:
Atomic structure
Chemical bonding
Solid State
The gaseous state
Thermodynamics and statistical thermodynamics
Phase equilibria and solutions
Electrochemistry
Chemical kinetics
Photochemistry
Surface phenomena and catalysis
Bio-inorganic chemistry
Coordination chemistry
General chemistry of 'f' block elements
Non-Aqueous Solvents
Paper II:
Delocalised covalent bonding
Pericyclic reactions
Reactions
Chemistry and mechanism of reactions
Polymeric Systems
Synthetic uses of reagents
Photochemistry
Principles of spectroscopy and applications in structure elucidation
Agricultural Engineering
Paper I:
Soil and Water Conservation
Aerial Photography and Remote Sensing
Irrigation and Drainage
Agricultural Structures
Paper II:
Farm Power and Machinery
Agro-energy
Agricultural Process Engineering
Instrumentation and Computer Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Botany
Paper I:
Microbiology and Plant Pathology
Cryptogams
Phanerogams
Plant Utility and Exploitation
Morphogenesis
Paper II:
Cell Biology
Genetics, Molecular Biology and Evolution
Plant Breeding, Biotechnology and Biostatistics
Physiology and Biochemistry
Ecology and Plant Geography
Civil Engineering
Paper I:
Strength of materials
Structural analysis
Engineering Mechanics
Structural Steel Design
Design of Concrete and Masonry Structures
Fluid Mechanics, Open channel flow, and Hydraulic Mechanics
Hydraulic Machine and Hydropower
Geotechnical engineering
Paper II:
Construction Technology
Construction Equipment
Survey and Transport Engineering
Hydrology, Water Resources, and Engineering
Environmental Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Paper I:
Fluid and Particle Dynamics
Mass Transfer
Heat Transfer
Noval Separation Processes
Process Equipment Design
Process Dynamics and Control
Paper II:
Material and Energy Balances
Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
Chemical Reaction Engineering
Chemical Technology
Environmental Engineering and Safety
Process Engineering Economics
Forestry
Paper I:
Silviculture
Agroforestry, Social Forestry, Joint Forest Management and Tribology
Forest Soils, Soil Conservation and Watershed management
Environmental Conservation and Biodiversity
Tree Improvement and Seed Technology
Paper II:
Forest Management and Management Systems
Forest Working Plan
Forest Mensuration and Remote
Sensing
Surveying and Forest Engineering
Forest Resources and Utilization
Forest Ecology and Ethnobotany
Forest Protection & Wildlife Biology
Forest Economics and Legislation
Mathematics
Paper I:
Linear Algebra
Calculus
Analytic Geometry
Dynamics, Statics, and Hydrostatics
Vector Analysis
Ordinary Differential Equations
Paper II:
Algebra
Real Analysis
Complex Analysis
Linear Programming
Partial differential equations
Numerical Analysis and Computer programming
Numerical integration
Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations
Computer Programming
Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics
Mechanical Engineering
Paper I:
Theory of Machines
Mechanics of Solids
Engineering Materials
Manufacturing Science
Manufacturing Management
Elements of Computation
Paper II:
Thermodynamics
I.C. Engines, Fuels and Combustion
Heat Transfer, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Turbomachine and Powerplants
Physics
Paper I:
Classical Mechanics
Special Relativity, Waves & Geometrical Optics
Physical Optics
Electricity and Magnetism
Electromagnetic Theory & Black Body Radiation
Thermal and Statistical Physics
Paper II:
Quantum Mechanics I
Quantum Mechanics II & Atomic Physics
Molecular Physics
Nuclear Physics
Particle Physics & Solid State Physics
Electronics
Zoology
Paper I:
Non-Chordata and Chordata
Ecology
Ethology
Economic Zoology
Biostatistics
Instrumental Methods
Paper II:
Cell Biology
Genetics
Evolution
Systematics
Biochemistry
Physiology
Developmental Biology
Statistics
Paper I:
Probability
Statistical Inference
Linear Inference and Multivariate Analysis
Sampling Theory and Design of Experiments
Paper II:
Industrial Statistics
Optimization Techniques
Quantitative Economics and Official Statistics
Demography and Psychometry
Geology
Paper I:
General Geology
Geomorphology and Remote Sensing
Structural Geology
Paleontology
Stratigraphy and Geology of India
Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology
Paper II:
Mineralogy
Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Sedimentology
Economic Geology
Mining Geology
Geochemistry and Environmental Geology
UPSC IFS Syllabus 2025 for Interview
Candidates who are selected in the written examination will be summoned by the commission for a (Personality Test). This stage is known as the UPSC IFS Interview . Candidates with twice the number of available vacancies will be shortlisted in the UPSC IFS Mains Result PDF for the interview round worth 300 marks.
The final merit list will be prepared of 1700 mark s ranking candidates based on their marks combined with the written exam and interview.
The purpose of the Interview is to assess the suitability of the candidate for the Indian Forest Service.
The areas that need to be prepared for the interview stage are events happening in India and the world, topographical sense, practical knowledge of UPSC IFS Syllabus, hobbies, etc.
Since the UPSC IFS prelims are just a few months away, the best way to prepare the syllabus is by solving previous years' papers . It will also help candidates analyze high-yield topics and focus on them more as the exam approaches.
UPSC IFS Exam Pattern 2025
As conveyed there are three main stages in the UPSC IFS Exam 2025 and candidates must clear each separately to serve as officers in the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. The UPSC IFS Exam Pattern 2025 for prelims and mains stages is as follows:
UPSC IFS Prelims Exam Pattern 2025
The UPSC IFS Prelims is a screening test where candidates are shortlisted based on their performance in two objective-type papers. The marks of this stage are not calculated for the merit list. The UPSC IFS Prelims Exam Pattern 2025 is:
The nature of the exam is qualifying, hence, candidates simply have to score above the IFoS cut off.
There will be two papers of 2 hours duration having MCQ-type questions.
Candidates must score 33% marks i n Paper 2 to be considered.
There will be a negative marking of 1/3 mark deducted for wrong answer in both papers of IFoS prelims.
UPSC IFS Prelims Exam Pattern 2025
Paper
Total Questions
Total Marks
Negative Marking
General Studies Paper I
100
200
-0.66 marks
General Studies Paper II (CSAT)
80
200
-0.83 marks
UPSC IFS Mains Exam Pattern 2025
Candidates who are successful in the UPSC IFS prelims are moved to the main exam. This stage has 6 descriptive-type paper s. UPSC IFS Syllabus for the mains stage is most important as the score of this stage is considered for preparing the final merit list. The UPSC IFS Mains Exam Pattern 2025 goes:
There are 6 papers and candidates have 3 hours duration.
Paper I and Paper II will be worth 300 marks and the remaining papers will be worth 200 marks.
For Papers III, IV, V, and VI candidates will have to choose two optional subjects from the approved list avoiding the combination of certain subjects as recommended in the official notification.
UPSC IFS Mains Exam Pattern 2025
Paper
Subject
Marks
Paper I
General English
300
Paper II
General Knowledge
300
Paper III
Optional I
200
Paper IV
Optional II
200
Paper V
Optional III
200
Paper VI
Optional IV
200
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