CUET Biology Class 12 Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions, Download PDF in Hindi and English

Human Reproduction is Chapter 2 of Class 12 Biology. It explains the male and female reproductive systems, formation of gametes, menstrual cycle, fertilisation, pregnancy, parturition, and lactation. Understanding these concepts is important for students preparing for Biology through an NCERT-focused approach.

CUET Biology Class 12 Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions provides question-wise answers to the NCERT exercise. Students can use these solutions after attempting the questions themselves. The page also provides PDF resources in Hindi and English for convenient revision.

CUET Biology Class 12 Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions PDF

The CUET Biology Class 12 Chapter 2 NCERT Solutions PDF can be used to revise the complete Human Reproduction exercise for CUET 2027 preparation. The solutions explain the answers in simple language and focus on the concepts given in NCERT.

The PDF resources include:

• Complete NCERT exercise questions and answers

• Concise explanations of important concepts

• Separate Hindi and English versions

• Answers covering reproductive systems and reproductive processes

• A convenient resource for CUET Biology revision

Students should first study the chapter from NCERT and attempt the exercise questions. The solutions can then be used to check the answers and revise concepts that need more attention.

The English PDF is suitable for students who study Biology in English medium. It contains the complete Human Reproduction NCERT solutions and can be used for revision.

The Hindi PDF is useful for students who prefer to revise the chapter in Hindi. It contains the complete exercise solutions in Hindi.

Also Check: CUET Domain Subjects

Human Reproduction Class 12 NCERT Solutions

The following Human Reproduction Class 12 Solutions cover the NCERT exercise questions from Chapter 2. The answers are kept concise so that students can revise the main concepts quickly.

NCERT Question 1

Write two major functions each of testis and ovary.

Answer:

Functions of testes:

1. Testes produce male gametes or spermatozoa.

2. They secrete male sex hormones called androgens, mainly testosterone.

Functions of ovaries:

1. Ovaries produce female gametes or ova.

2. They secrete female sex hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone.

NCERT Question 2

Describe the structure of a seminiferous tubule.

Answer: Seminiferous tubules are long and highly coiled structures present inside each testicular lobule. Their inner lining contains male germ cells and Sertoli cells.

The male germ cells develop through different stages of spermatogenesis to form spermatozoa. Sertoli cells provide nourishment to the developing germ cells.

Leydig cells are present in the spaces between the seminiferous tubules. They secrete androgens, mainly testosterone.

NCERT Question 3

What is spermatogenesis? Briefly describe the process of spermatogenesis.

Answer: Spermatogenesis is the process of formation of spermatozoa from male germ cells. It takes place in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and begins at puberty.

The process starts with diploid spermatogonia. They multiply through mitotic division. Some spermatogonia develop into primary spermatocytes. Each primary spermatocyte undergoes meiosis I to form two haploid secondary spermatocytes.

The secondary spermatocytes undergo meiosis II and form four haploid spermatids. These spermatids transform into spermatozoa through spermiogenesis.

NCERT Question 4

Name the hormones involved in regulation of spermatogenesis.

Answer: The main hormones involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis are gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone.

GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to release LH and FSH. LH acts on Leydig cells and promotes testosterone secretion. FSH acts on Sertoli cells and supports spermatogenesis.

NCERT Question 5

Define spermiogenesis and spermiation.

Answer: Spermiogenesis is the process through which spermatids transform into mature spermatozoa.

Spermiation is the release of mature spermatozoa from the Sertoli cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.

NCERT Question 6

What are the major components of seminal plasma?

Answer: Seminal plasma is formed mainly from the secretions of the seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbourethral glands.

Its major components include fructose, calcium, enzymes and other substances present in the secretions of these accessory glands. Seminal plasma provides nutrients and supports sperm movement and transport.

NCERT Question 7

What are the major functions of male accessory ducts and glands?

Answer: The male accessory ducts transport and store sperm. The rete testis, vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens form the major accessory ducts.

The seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbourethral glands are the major accessory glands. Their secretions form seminal plasma and provide substances that support sperm movement, nourishment and transport.

NCERT Question 8

What is oogenesis? Give a brief account of oogenesis.

Answer: Oogenesis is the process of formation of a mature female gamete from oogonia in the ovaries.

It begins during embryonic development. The oogonia multiply through mitotic division and develop into primary oocytes. The primary oocytes enter meiosis I but remain arrested at prophase I.

After puberty, during each menstrual cycle, some primary oocytes continue their development. Usually, one primary oocyte completes meiosis I and forms a large secondary oocyte and a small first polar body.

The secondary oocyte begins meiosis II but remains arrested at metaphase II. It completes meiosis II only after fertilisation.

NCERT Question 9

Name the functions of the following:

(a) Corpus luteum: It secretes progesterone, which helps maintain the endometrium after ovulation.

(b) Endometrium: It is the inner lining of the uterus and provides a suitable site for implantation.

(c) Acrosome: It contains enzymes that help the sperm penetrate the ovum during fertilisation.

(d) Sperm tail: It helps the sperm move.

(e) Fimbriae: They help collect the ovum after ovulation and guide it towards the fallopian tube.

NCERT Question 10

Identify True/False statements. Correct each false statement to make it true.

Answer: This question tests important concepts related to human reproduction. Students should check each statement against the NCERT chapter.

Key corrections include:

• Spermatogenesis begins at puberty.

• Fertilisation normally takes place in the ampullary region of the fallopian tube.

• The secondary oocyte completes meiosis II after fertilisation.

• The placenta provides a vascular connection between the foetus and the mother.

• The menstrual cycle is regulated by hormones released by the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovaries.

NCERT Question 11

What is menstrual cycle? Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?

Answer: The menstrual cycle refers to the cyclic changes that occur in the ovaries and uterus of a female. It usually occurs over a period of about 28 days.

The main phases are the menstrual phase, follicular phase, ovulatory phase and luteal phase.

The cycle is regulated by GnRH from the hypothalamus, along with FSH and LH from the pituitary gland. Oestrogen and progesterone secreted by the ovaries also regulate the changes in the reproductive organs.

NCERT Question 12

What is parturition? Which hormones are involved in induction of parturition?

Answer: Parturition is the process of childbirth. It involves a coordinated series of physiological changes that result in the delivery of the foetus.

Oxytocin plays an important role in inducing strong uterine contractions. Other hormones and signals from the fully developed foetus and placenta also contribute to the initiation of labour.

NCERT Question 13

In our society the women are often blamed for giving birth to daughters. Can you explain why this is not correct?

Answer: The sex of a child is determined by the type of sperm that fertilises the ovum. The ovum always carries an X chromosome.

If an X-bearing sperm fertilises the ovum, the resulting combination is XX. If a Y-bearing sperm fertilises the ovum, the combination is XY.

Therefore, the chromosome carried by the sperm determines the chromosomal sex of the child. The mother cannot be blamed for the birth of a daughter.

NCERT Question 14

How many eggs are released by a human ovary in a month? How many eggs do you think would have been released if the mother gave birth to identical twins? Would your answer change if the twins born were fraternal?

Answer: Usually, one mature ovum is released during a menstrual cycle.

Identical twins generally develop when one fertilised egg splits into two embryos. Therefore, the development of identical twins usually involves one ovum.

Fraternal twins develop when two different ova are fertilised by two different sperm. Therefore, two ova would have been involved in such a case.

NCERT Question 15

How many eggs do you think were released by the ovary of a female dog which gave birth to 6 puppies?

Answer: The female dog would have released multiple ova. The exact number cannot be determined only from the number of puppies because not every released ovum necessarily results in a successful pregnancy and birth.

Also Check: CUET 2027 All-in-One Guide to Exam

Important Topics in Human Reproduction for CUET Biology

For CUET Biology preparation, students should revise the complete chapter with special attention to the following NCERT concepts:

• Male reproductive system: Testes, seminiferous tubules, accessory ducts, accessory glands and external genitalia.

• Female reproductive system: Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina.

• Gametogenesis: Formation and maturation of male and female gametes.

• Spermatogenesis: Stages from spermatogonia to spermatozoa.

• Oogenesis: Formation and maturation of the female gamete.

• Menstrual cycle: Menstrual, follicular, ovulatory and luteal phases and their hormonal control.

• Fertilisation: Sperm transport, fusion of gametes and formation of the zygote.

• Implantation: Formation of the blastocyst and its attachment to the uterine wall.

• Pregnancy and embryonic development: Role of the placenta, foetal development and hormonal changes.

• Parturition: Hormonal and physiological events involved in childbirth.

• Lactation: Milk secretion and the role of colostrum after childbirth.

Important Questions from Class 12 Biology Chapter 2 for CUET 2027

Students can practise NCERT-based questions such as:

1. What is the role of Sertoli cells in spermatogenesis?

2. Differentiate between spermiogenesis and spermiation.

3. What are the functions of LH and FSH in males and females?

4. Explain the main stages of the menstrual cycle.

5. Where does fertilisation occur in humans?

6. What is the role of the acrosome during fertilisation?

7. What is the function of the corpus luteum?

8. Explain the role of the placenta during pregnancy.

9. Differentiate between spermatogenesis and oogenesis.

10. Why is the secondary oocyte considered different from a mature ovum before fertilisation?

11. What is the role of oxytocin in parturition?

12. Why is colostrum important for a newborn?

These questions cover the concepts that appear repeatedly while studying Human Reproduction. Students should also practise diagrams because the NCERT exercise includes questions that require labelled reproductive-system, ovary, follicle and sperm diagrams.

How to Use NCERT Solutions for CUET Biology Preparation 2027?

Students can use NCERT solutions along with the textbook to revise Human Reproduction and strengthen their understanding of important concepts.

• Read the NCERT chapter first: Start by reading the Human Reproduction chapter directly from NCERT. Focus on definitions, hormones, reproductive processes and labelled diagrams. Pay attention to the sequence of processes such as spermatogenesis, oogenesis, fertilisation and implantation.

• Attempt the exercise questions: Solve the NCERT exercise questions without checking the answers first. Try to recall the concepts and write the answers in your own words. Mark the questions where you are unsure so that you can revise them later.

• Check your answers using the solutions: After attempting the questions, compare your answers with the solutions. Check whether you have included the important terms, concepts and steps required in each answer. If you make a mistake, revisit the relevant part of NCERT and revise the concept.

• Revise important terms and processes: Revise terms such as spermatogenesis, oogenesis, spermiogenesis, spermiation, ovulation, fertilisation, implantation and parturition. Also revise the hormones involved in these processes and their functions.

• Practise NCERT-based CUET questions: Practise questions based on NCERT statements and concepts after completing the exercise. Give attention to questions related to definitions, functions, sequences, hormones and diagrams to strengthen your chapter-wise preparation.

Also Check:

• CUET PYQ

• CUET Biology Important Topics

• CUET Biology Syllabus

• CUET Biology PYQs

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