If you're aiming to pursue an undergraduate degree in Biology or related fields such as Botany, Zoology, or Biotechnology through the Common University Entrance Test (CUET), having a clear understanding of the CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 is the key to effective preparation. CUET UG Biology syllabus is structured around the NCERT Class 12 curriculum, encompassing five major units that span essential topics in Reproduction, Genetics, Human Welfare, Biotechnology, and Ecology. Familiarity with the CUET Biology important topics not only enables targeted revision but also boosts your problem-solving speed and accuracy in the exam. With a well-planned strategy and in-depth knowledge of each unit, you can confidently work towards achieving a top score and securing admission to your desired course.
CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 Unit-Wise Structure
Here is a unit-wise structure of the CUET Biology Syllabus 2026, aligned with the NCERT Class 12 curriculum. Each unit includes major chapters and subtopics you need to focus on for better accuracy and scoring.
Unit I: Reproduction
Here is a detailed breakdown of Unit I: Reproduction from the CUET Biology Syllabus 2026, based on the NCERT Class 12 Biology curriculum. This unit is crucial and often carries high weightage in the CUET exam.
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CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 Unit-Wise Structure
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Chapter
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Topics Covered
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1. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
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Flower structure
Development of male and female gametophytes
Pollination (types, agencies, examples)
Outbreeding devices
Pollen-pistil interaction
Double fertilization
Post-fertilization events: endosperm, embryo, seed, and fruit development
Special modes: apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony
Significance of seed dispersal and fruit formation
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2. Human Reproduction
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Male & female reproductive systems
Anatomy of testis and ovary
Gametogenesis: spermatogenesis and oogenesis
Menstrual cycle
Fertilization & embryo development up to blastocyst
Implantation, pregnancy, placenta, parturition & lactation (elementary ideas)
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3. Reproductive Health
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Importance of reproductive health
Prevention of STDs
Birth control and contraception methods
Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP)
Amniocentesis
Infertility and ARTs: IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (basic understanding)
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Unit II: Genetics and Evolution
Here is the breakdown of Unit II: Genetics and Evolution from the CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 based on the NCERT Class 12 curriculum. This unit helps build core understanding of inheritance, molecular biology, and the theory of evolution. The topics are concept-heavy and frequently tested in CUET Biology.
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CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 Unit-Wise Structure
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Chapter
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Topics Covered
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4. Principles of Inheritance and Variation
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- Mendelian inheritance
- Incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles, blood groups
- Pleiotropy, polygenic inheritance
- Chromosome theory of inheritance
- Sex determination (humans, birds, honeybee)
- Linkage and crossing over
- Sex-linked inheritance: haemophilia, color blindness
- Mendelian disorders: thalassemia
- Chromosomal disorders: Down’s, Turner’s, Klinefelter’s syndromes
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5. Molecular Basis of Inheritance
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- Genetic material: DNA structure and function
- DNA packaging, replication
- RNA, transcription, genetic code, translation
- Gene regulation: lac operon
- Genome projects: Human and Rice
- DNA fingerprinting
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6. Evolution
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- Origin of life
- Evidence for evolution: fossils, anatomy, embryology, molecular evidence
- Darwin’s theory
- Modern synthetic theory
- Mechanisms: mutation, recombination, natural selection
- Gene flow, genetic drift, Hardy-Weinberg principle
- Adaptive radiation, human evolution
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Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare
This unit is essential for understanding the cuet application of biology in improving human health and welfare and carries moderate to high weightage in the CUET UG exam.
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CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 Unit-Wise Structure
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Chapter
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Topics Covered
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7. Human Health and Disease
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- Pathogens & parasites causing diseases (malaria, dengue, chikungunya, etc.)
- Disease control
- Immunity & vaccines
- Cancer, HIV/AIDS
- Drug and alcohol abuse
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8. Microbes in Human Welfare
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- Role of microbes in food processing, industry, sewage treatment, energy
- Bio-control agents and bio-fertilizers
- Antibiotics: production and safe use
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Unit IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications
Here is the detailed breakdown of Unit IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications from the CUET Biology Syllabus 2026, based on the NCERT Class 12 Biology textbook. This unit is concise yet significant, focusing on modern biotechnological principles and their applications in health, agriculture, and industry.
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CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 Unit-Wise Structure
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Chapter
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Topics Covered
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9. Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
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- Genetic Engineering basics
- Recombinant DNA technology
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10. Biotechnology and Its Applications
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- Applications in health and agriculture
- Human insulin, vaccines, stem cell tech, gene therapy
- GMOs and Bt crops
- Transgenic animals
- Biosafety, biopiracy, and patents
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Unit V: Ecology and Environment
This unit consists of three chapters covering important ecological concepts, ecosystem functioning, and biodiversity conservation strategies.
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CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 Unit-Wise Structure
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Chapter
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Topics Covered
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11. Organisms and Populations
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- Population interactions: mutualism, predation, parasitism, etc.
- Population attributes: growth, birth rate, death rate, age distribution
(Note: Excludes: major abiotic factors and responses/adaptations)
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12. Ecosystem
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- Components and patterns of ecosystems
- Productivity and decomposition
- Energy flow and pyramids of biomass/number/energy
(Note: Excludes: ecological succession and nutrient cycles)
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13. Biodiversity and Conservation
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- Concept, types, importance of biodiversity
- Loss of biodiversity, conservation methods
- Endangered species, extinction, hot spots, Red Data Book
- Sacred groves, biosphere reserves, national parks, Ramsar sites
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CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 Exam Pattern
CUET UG Biology syllabus 2026 is based on the Class 12 NCERT curriculum. It includes five comprehensive units covering fundamental concepts and advanced topics. Knowing the complete CUET Biology syllabus 2026 helps in preparation and efficient time management.
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CUET Biology Syllabus 2026 Exam Pattern
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Parameter
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Details
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Total Units
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5
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Primary Source
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NCERT Class 12 Biology
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Exam Duration
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60 minutes
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Total Questions
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50 (All Compulsory)
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Total Marks
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250
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CUET Biology Chapter Wise Weightage
Here's the CUET Biology Chapter Wise Weightage (Expected for 2026) based on previous year trends, exam analysis, and the structure of the NCERT Class 12 Biology syllabus. This insight helps you prioritize high-scoring topics and prepare more effectively.
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CUET Biology Chapter-Wise Weightage 2026 (Expected)
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Unit
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Chapter
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Expected No. of Questions
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Remarks
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Unit I: Reproduction
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Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
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5–6
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Conceptual + Diagram based questions
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Human Reproduction
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5–6
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Frequently asked – system & fertilization
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Reproductive Health
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4–5
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Direct factual questions
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Total (Unit I)
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15–18
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Highest weightage unit
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Unit II: Genetics and Evolution
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Principles of Inheritance and Variation
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4–5
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Mendelian laws & disorders are important
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Molecular Basis of Inheritance
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3–4
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Central Dogma & DNA structure emphasized
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Evolution
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3–4
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Theories and Hardy-Weinberg Principle
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Total (Unit II)
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10–12
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Core conceptual questions
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Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare
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Human Health and Disease
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4–5
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Diseases, immunity, and drug abuse
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Microbes in Human Welfare
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3–4
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Direct and application-based questions
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Total (Unit III)
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8–10
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Balanced factual and application-based
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Unit IV: Biotechnology
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Principles and Processes
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3–4
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Recombinant DNA, PCR
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Applications
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3–4
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Transgenics, Bt crops, gene therapy
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Total (Unit IV)
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7–8
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Easy to score if concepts are clear
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Unit V: Ecology and Environment
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Organisms and Populations
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3–4
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Population growth, interactions
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Ecosystem
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3–4
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Pyramids and energy flow
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Biodiversity and Conservation
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3–4
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Conservation efforts, biodiversity loss
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Total (Unit V)
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10–12
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Often contains direct and image-based Qs
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CUET Biology Important topics
Here is a list of the CUET Biology Important Topics 2026 that you should prioritize for scoring high marks in the exam. These topics are based on past paper trends, difficulty level, and chapter-wise weightage. CUET Biology syllabus is based on NCERT Class 12, so ensure all your preparation is aligned with NCERT textbooks.
Unit I: Reproduction
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Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Pollination (types and agents), double fertilization, fruit and seed formation
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Human Reproduction
Reproductive systems, gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, embryo development
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Reproductive Health
Contraceptive methods, STDs, IVF, MTP, amniocentesis
High weightage, diagram-based questions common
Unit II: Genetics and Evolution
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Mendelian Inheritance & Deviations
Incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles, sex-linked traits
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Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Structure of DNA, DNA replication, Central Dogma, lac operon
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Evolution
Darwin’s theory, Hardy-Weinberg principle, natural selection, gene flow
Concept-heavy; practice with genetics problems and pedigree charts
Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare
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Human Health and Disease
Disease-causing pathogens, immunity, vaccines, HIV, cancer
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Microbes in Human Welfare
Role in food, industry, sewage treatment, biocontrol and biofertilizers
Often has factual and application-based questions
Unit IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications
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Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
rDNA technology, tools (plasmid, restriction enzymes), PCR
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Applications of Biotechnology
– Bt crops, gene therapy, transgenics, biosafety and biopiracy
Direct NCERT-based questions are frequent
Unit V: Ecology and Environment
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Population and Organism Interactions
Mutualism, competition, predation, age pyramid
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Ecosystem
Energy flow, productivity, ecological pyramids
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Biodiversity and Conservation
Hotspots, endangered species, conservation methods
Scoring topics, often appear in assertion-reason or case-based formats
CUET Biology Syllabus PDF Download 2026
Students appearing for CUET UG Biology 2026 can download the CUET Biology syllabus PDF for quick reference and streamlined preparation. Although NTA has not officially released the CUET 2026 Biology syllabus yet, it is expected to remain based on the NCERT Class 12 Biology curriculum, just like in 2025. The PDF contains the unit-wise chapters, key concepts, and topics to be covered for the exam.
