Daily Current Affairs 11 April 2024, MPPSC Exam Current Affairs

Daily Current Affairs for MPPSC Exam

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Hurun Global Unicorn Index 2024

• This index is compiled by the Hurun Research Institute . It includes unlisted companies established in the 2000s with a current valuation of $1 billion.
• India still remains in third position globally in terms of unicorns. Edtech company Byjus has been out of the unicorn club.
• India's startup ecosystem has slowed down with the number of unicorns declining for the first time since 2017.
• However Indian founders have produced more offshore unicorns than any other country.
• Hurun's Unicorn Index in previous years had reported 68 unicorns in India in 2023 and 2022, 54 in 2021, and 21 unicorns in 2020 and 2019.
• Hoogewerf, chairman of the Hurun report, said that significantly all of the unicorns founded outside India were in the United States (95).
• City-wise, Bengaluru is at seventh position with 32 unicorns and Mumbai is at 19th position with 14 unicorns.
• Food delivery platform Swiggy and fantasy sports-focused Dream11 are India's most valuable unicorns, the report said. Their valuation is eight billion dollars. Razorpay is in second place with a valuation of $7.5 billion. While Swiggy and Dream11 are ranked 83rd in the list prepared globally, Razorpay is ranked 94th.
• San Francisco with 190 unicorns, New York with 133 unicorns and Beijing with 78 unicorns were the leading unicorns in the world.
• Globally, ByteDance became the most valuable unicorn with a valuation of $220 billion, followed by SpaceX ($180 billion), OpenAl ($100 billion), Ant Group ($80 billion), Shein ($65 billion).

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Coin stores in Phanigiri

• The Department of Archeology and Museums has unearthed a coin hoard at Phanigiri in Suryapet district of Telangana.
• Lead coins have been found in the excavation which have an elephant on one side and the symbol of Ujjain on the other.
• According to archaeologists, these coins belong to the Ikshvaku period, which is between the 3rd century to the 4th century.
• Apart from this, stone beads, glass beads, fragments of conch shell bangles, plaster figures, broken limestone statues, a wheel of a toy cart, and earthen pots have also been found in the excavation.
• Mahastupa, semicircular chaityagriha, votive stupa, pillared congregation hall, vihara, platforms with stairs at different levels, octagonal stupa chaitya, 24-pillar mandapam and circular chaitya have also been excavated.
• The excavations also yielded a variety of cultural materials, including terracotta beads, Brahmi label inscriptions, and sacred relic coffin nails.

Sam Pitroda's book The Idea of ​​Democracy

• During his conversation with Sibal, Pitroda discussed his reasons for writing such a book at a time when many countries are facing elections in 2024.
• Pitroda's book addresses the paradox of so-called democratic success as well as its liberal downfall.
• It provides a detailed analysis of the essence of democracy, its functioning, the values ​​necessary to encapsulate it, and the forces and safeguards that can help preserve liberal democracy.
• The book aims to encourage dialogue, especially among youth, on the meaning of democracy and its role in its survival and prosperity in the coming era.
• Sam Pitroda is a globally recognized telecommunications inventor, entrepreneur, development thinker, and policymaker with over 50 years of experience in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and related global and national development.

Supreme Court expanded the scope of Articles 14 and 21

• A bench of Chief Justice Dr Dhananjay Y Chandrachud and Justices JB Pardiwala and Manoj Mishra said that “the inability of disadvantaged communities to adapt to climate change or deal with its impacts violates the right to life as well as the right to equality "
• The Supreme Court observed that India has made significant commitments in global environmental protection, participating in agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. These agreements aim to combat climate change through measures such as emissions reduction targets and international cooperation mechanisms.
• The UNFCCC outlines the collective responsibility of nations to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations and avoid dangerous interference with the climate system.
• Article 48A directs the State to protect and improve the environment, and Article 51A(g) i mposes the duty on every citizen to protect and improve the natural environment. While these provisions are not directly enforceable, they underline the importance of environmental protection in the Constitution.
• The Supreme Court holds that constitutional rights such as the right to life (Article 21) and equality before law (Article 14) are interpreted to include the right to a clean environment and protection from the adverse effects of climate change.

India achieved the target of eliminating Kala Azar

• India initially targeted t o eliminate kala-azar by 2010 , but due to persistent challenges, the target was extended to 2023.
• India had achieved the target of recording less than one case per 10,000 population in all blocks in 2023 in its efforts to eliminate Kala Azar – the second deadliest parasitic disease after malaria in the country.
• According to WHO, in 2020, India accounted for 18 percent of the global burden of kala-azar.
• The latest data from NCVBDC indicated India recorded only 520 cases of kala-azar across India in 2023, meeting the elimination criteria set by the World Health Organization (WHO), which makes eradication one of the fastest in any block in the country. Defines a case as having more than one report.