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Open Loop Control System - (Formula Notes)

Learn about the Open Loop Control System (Formula Note), explained with diagrams on this webpage. Prepare effectively for GATE 2024 with these short notes.
authorImagePratibha Bohra6 Dec, 2023
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Open Loop Control System

Open Loop Control System: An open-loop system is a type of system that does not have any type of feedback. So that it is also indicated as a non-feedback system.

Open Loop Control System In the above block diagram, process output (output of the open loop system) is denoted as C(s), and the desired process response (input to the open loop system) is denoted as R(s). The combination of controller and process is known as the open-loop transfer function, which is denoted by G(s)H(s). So that block diagram can be represented as given below. Open Loop Control System If there is no feedback from the output C(s) to the input R(s), then the system is said to be an Open Loop Control System. The output of the open-loop control system is affected not only by input variations but also by disturbances. The open-loop control system doesn’t automatically correct the disturbance. The accuracy of this type of system depends on the accuracy of the input calibration. Some common examples of open-loop control systems are:
  1. Traffic light controller operated based on timer
  2. Electric washing machine
  3. Automatic coffee server
  4. Bread toaster
  5. Air cooler
  6. Water heater
  7. Electric Bulb
  8. Electric Hand Drier

Advantages of Open Loop Control System

  • Simple, easy to design and economical due to the smaller number of components.
  • Generally, open-loop systems are stable.

Disadvantages of Open Loop Control System

  • Inaccurate
  • Unreliable
  • The effect of parameter variation and external noise is greater.

Note: Open-loop control systems do not require performance analysis.

Some Basic Transfer functions of open-loop control system

First-order system (O. L. C. S.)

Here we have a brief discussion of the first-order open-loop transfer function for an impulse input and delayed impulse input.

Open Loop Control System In a first-order system, we have only 1 pole, which may be at the origin or on any side of the s-plane. Open Loop Control System

Second-order system (O. L. C. S.)

Here we have a brief discussion of the second-order open-loop transfer function.

order system (O. L. C. S.) In the standard second-order system, we have one pole at the origin and another at a different location in the s-plane. Here we have the pole location for a second-order open-loop transfer function for different values of the damping ratio. order system (O. L. C. S.)

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