What is a full form of LCD?

Aug 17, 2022, 16:45 IST

What is a full form of LCD?

The full form of LCD is the liquid crystal display. LCD is a flat panel display system seen primarily on televisions and computer screens, which is also used in cell phones today. These LCD screens are completely different from previous CRT screens and use liquid crystals as their primary mode of operation instead of cathode rays. The LCD screen is made up of millions of pixels created from glass and arranged in a rectangular pattern on the LCD panel. For LCD, it has a backlight that illuminates each pixel. When all sub-pixels are off, it is black, while all subpixels are one hundred percent, then it is white. LCD is a merger of two states of matter, solid and liquid. The solid part is the glass and this liquid and the glass together form the visible image. The LCD screen consists of two layers which are two polarized panels: filters and electrodes. The LCD screen works by blocking light instead of emitting it.

full form of LCD

About LCD

HISTORY

The LCD screen was first built in 1964 at RCA laboratories by George Heilmeier, an electrical engineer in the RCA laboratory. At first, in the year 1888, liquid crystal was discovered by Friedrich Reinitzer who extracted cholesterol from carrots, who was an Austrian botanist. At that time, liquid crystal was used in research and experimental work. So, in the year 1936, liquid crystal was used in a practical application and is known as a liquid crystal light valve used in wireless telegraphy. Then, in 1962, RCA researcher Richard Williams generated some patterns in a thin layer of liquid crystal material by applying a voltage to it, known as electro-optical effects. After all these things, finally, in 1964, the LCD screen was invented. The first modern LCD was produced in 1972 by James Fergason, owner of the International Liquid Crystal Company (ILIXCO). This LCD screen was manufactured using passive grid technology. In 1995, Hitachi and NEC were the first active-matrix LCD manufacturers. These LCDs are based on IPS technology. After all this, for the year 1996 SAMSUNG, TOSHIBA hit the market.

Characteristics of LCD

1.Voltage is 3V to 12V.

2.Opening time is 100ms.

3.Its normal operating temperature range is from 0°C to + 60°C, but in an extreme case, it will range from -40 ° C to + 85 ° C.

4.Its frequency is 30Hz to 60Hz.

5.Average current consumption is from 1.2 µA to 6 µA.

6.The LCD screen is made of liquid crystal, which is neither liquid nor solid, and this thing reflects the light in a well-formed way, the lights enter the glass and reflect very clearly. So the image formed with this liquid crystal is very accurate.

7.LCD is a digital display, addressed to each pixel by a fixed matrix of horizontal and vertical dots. The LCD screen resizes the image according to the resolution provided by the device. So the image quality is not degraded.

8.The brightness of the LCD screen is very accurate for good resolutions and pixels.

9.The response speed is fast in LCD, which means that the time it takes to change pixel colors is much less, so the refresh rate is very high in LCD compared to CRT.