Important Articles of Indian Constitution for Judiciary Exam 2026, Check Details

Important articles of Indian Constitution for Judiciary Exam 2026 cover essential topics like Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles, Union and State governance, and emergency powers. These articles form the backbone of constitutional law and are frequently asked in judicial examinations.

Here, important Parts and Schedules of the Constitution are explained. It helps aspirants revise quickly, improve understanding, and strengthen their preparation for the Judiciary Exam 2026.

Important Articles of Indian Constitution for Judiciary Exam 2026

The Indian Constitution contains many articles. Below are some Important Articles of Indian Constitution for Judiciary Exams 2026:

Part 1 - Union and Its Territory

This part defines India as a Union of States and details how new states are formed or existing ones altered.

• Article 1: States the name and territory of the Union (India).

• Article 2: Provides for the admission or establishment of new states.

• Article 3: Empowers Parliament to form new states, alter areas, boundaries, or names of existing states.

Part 2 - Citizenship

This section outlines who is a citizen of India and how citizenship is regulated.

• Article 5: Defines citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution.

• Article 6: Covers citizenship rights for persons who migrated to India from Pakistan.

• Article 10: Ensures the continuance of citizenship rights.

• Article 11: Grants Parliament power to regulate citizenship by law.

Part 3 - Fundamental Rights

These are the basic human rights guaranteed to citizens. Originally seven, the Right to Property (Article 31) was removed, leaving six.

• Article 12: Defines "the State" for fundamental rights purposes.

• Article 13: Declares laws inconsistent with fundamental rights as void.

Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

This guarantees equality before the law and prohibits discrimination.

• Article 14: Ensures equality before the law.

• Article 15: Prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.

• Article 16: Provides equality of opportunity in public employment.

• Article 17: Abolishes untouchability.

• Article 18: Abolishes titles.

Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

This guarantees several freedoms essential for a democratic society.

• Article 19: Protects six rights, including freedom of speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession.

• Article 20: Offers protection in respect of conviction for offences.

• Article 21: Guarantees protection of life and personal liberty.

• Article 22: Provides protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.

Right Against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

These articles prevent forced labor and child labor.

• Article 23: Prohibits human trafficking and forced labor.

• Article 24: Prohibits employment of children (under 14) in factories, mines.

Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)

This ensures religious freedom for all individuals.

• Article 25: Grants freedom of conscience and free profession, practice, and propagation of religion.

• Article 26: Allows managing religious affairs.

• Article 27: Ensures freedom from taxes for promotion of any particular religion.

• Article 28: Guarantees freedom from attending religious instruction in state-funded institutions.

Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)

These protect the rights of minorities.

• Article 29: Protects the interests of minorities.

• Article 30: Grants minorities the right to establish and administer educational institutions.

Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)

This article allows citizens to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights.

• Article 32: Provides remedies for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

Part 4 - Directive Principles of State Policy (Articles 36-51)

These are guidelines for the state to establish a just society. They are not enforceable by courts.

• Article 36: Defines "the State" for this part.

• Article 37: States the application of Directive Principles (non-justiciable).

• Article 39A: Promotes equal justice and free legal aid.

• Article 40: Directs organization of village panchayats.

• Article 44: Calls for a Uniform Civil Code.

• Article 45: Provides for free and compulsory education for children.

• Article 50: Directs separation of the judiciary from the executive.

• Article 51: Promotes international peace and security.

Part 4A - Fundamental Duties (Article 51A)

Added by the 42nd Amendment, 1976, and one more by the 86th Amendment, 2002. These are duties of citizens.

• Article 51A: Lists eleven fundamental duties, including respecting the Constitution, upholding sovereignty, and promoting harmony.

Part 5 - The Union (Articles 52-151)

This part deals with the Union Executive, Parliament, and the Supreme Court.

• Article 52: The President of India.

• Article 61: Procedure for impeachment of the President.

• Article 72: Pardoning powers of the President.

• Article 76: Attorney-General for India.

• Article 79: Constitution of Parliament.

• Article 110: Definition of "Money Bills".

• Article 112: Annual Financial Statement (Budget).

• Article 123: President's power to promulgate Ordinances during Parliament's recess.

• Article 124: Establishment and constitution of the Supreme Court.

• Article 129: Supreme Court to be a court of Record.

• Article 148: Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.

Part 6 - The States (Articles 152-237)

This part covers the State Executive, State Legislature, and High Courts.

• Article 153: Governors of States.

• Article 161: Pardoning powers of the Governor.

• Article 165: Advocate-General for the State.

• Article 213: Governor's power to promulgate Ordinances.

• Article 214: High Courts for States.

• Article 226: Power of High Courts to issue certain writs.

• Article 233: Appointment of District Judges.

Other Key Articles

Several other articles are crucial for understanding the constitutional framework.

• Article 243A, 243B: Gram Sabha and Constitution of Panchayats (Part 9).

• Article 280: Finance Commission (Part 12).

• Article 300A: Right to property (legal right, Part 12).

• Article 312: All-India Services (Part 14).

• Article 315: Public Service Commissions for the Union and States (Part 14).

• Article 324: Superintendence, direction, and control of Elections vested in an Election Commission (Part 15).

• Article 326: Elections to Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies on adult suffrage (Part 15).

• Article 338: National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Part 16).

• Article 343: Official languages of the Union (Part 17).

• Article 352: Proclamation of National Emergency (Part 18).

• Article 356: State Emergency (President’s Rule) (Part 18).

• Article 360: Financial Emergency (Part 18).

• Article 368: Powers of Parliament to amend the Constitution (Part 20).

Important Parts of Indian Constitution

The Indian Constitution is divided into different parts to clearly explain how the country is governed. Each part focuses on a specific area, like rights, duties, government structure, and administration. Here are the important parts of Indian Constitution for Upcoming Judiciary Exams 2026:

Important Schedules of Indian Constitution

The important schedules of Indian Constitution for Judiciary Exams are given below. These Schedules support the important articles of Indian Constitution by clearly defining areas like states, laws, powers, and administrative structure.

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