NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 Struggle for Equality

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 Overview

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 Struggle for Equality

• Struggles for Equality: Understanding the various movements and initiatives undertaken to achieve equality in Indian society, encompassing issues related to caste, gender, and social discrimination.
• Tawa Matsya Sangh: Exploring the cooperative society of fish workers in Madhya Pradesh as a case study of collective action for economic empowerment and social justice.
• The Indian Constitution as a Living Document: Analyzing the role of the Indian Constitution in upholding equality, prohibiting discrimination, and promoting affirmative action to address social inequalities.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 Important Questions

• Collective Action: The movement was characterized by the collective action of the Korku fishermen in the Tawa River region of Madhya Pradesh.
• Resistance against Exploitation: It aimed to resist the exploitation and unfair treatment faced by the fishermen at the hands of government authorities and contractors.
• Demand for Rights: The movement demanded the rights of the fishermen to access and control natural resources, particularly fish from the Tawa River.
• Struggle for Dignity: It symbolized the struggle of marginalized communities for dignity, autonomy, and equitable treatment.
• Unity and Solidarity: The movement emphasized the importance of unity and solidarity among the fishermen to effectively challenge oppressive practices and assert their rights.

• Right to Equality (Article 14-18): It ensures equal treatment and opportunities for all citizens, prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth, and abolishes untouchability.
• Directive Principles of State Policy (Article 38, 39, 46): These principles mandate the state to promote social, economic, and political equality and strive to minimize inequalities of income, status, and opportunities.
• Reservation Policy: The Constitution provides for reservations in educational institutions and public employment for socially and educationally backward classes, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes to promote equality and social justice.
• Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32): It allows citizens to approach the Supreme Court for the enforcement of their fundamental rights and protection against violation or infringement by state or non-state actors.

• Organizing Collective Action: It organized the Korku fishermen into a collective movement to resist exploitation and demand their rights.
• Raising Awareness: The Sangh raised awareness among the fishermen about their rights and the need to assert themselves against oppressive practices.
• Negotiating with Authorities: It engaged in negotiations with government authorities and contractors to challenge unfair practices and seek redressal for grievances.
• Empowering the Community: The Sangh empowered the Korku fishermen to assert their autonomy and control over natural resources, particularly fish from the Tawa River.
• Inspiring Solidarity: It inspired solidarity and unity among the fishermen to collectively confront challenges and work towards achieving common goals.

• Amendments: The Constitution can be amended to incorporate new provisions or modify existing ones to address emerging issues or challenges.
• Judicial Interpretation: Courts interpret and reinterpret constitutional provisions in light of contemporary circumstances, ensuring their relevance and applicability in different contexts.
• Incorporation of Directive Principles: The Constitution's Directive Principles of State Policy provide a framework for socio-economic development and guide legislative and policy initiatives aimed at achieving social justice and equality.
• Protection of Fundamental Rights: The Constitution protects fundamental rights and liberties, enabling citizens to challenge arbitrary actions of the state or private entities through legal recourse.
• Adaptation to Social Changes: The Constitution reflects evolving societal norms and values, reflecting the aspirations and struggles of diverse communities and groups for equality, justice, and dignity.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 PDF

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 Exercise Questions

• Social Equality: Social equality refers to the equal treatment and opportunities afforded to individuals in society, regardless of their social or economic status. It encompasses the idea of fairness, justice, and inclusivity in social interactions, access to resources, and participation in societal institutions.
• Political Equality: Political equality, on the other hand, pertains to the equal right of individuals to participate in the political process, including voting, standing for public office, and exercising political freedoms. It ensures that every citizen has an equal voice and influence in shaping public policies and decisions.

• Historical Injustice: India has a long history of social discrimination and inequality based on caste, religion, gender, and other factors. The right to equality aims to rectify these historical injustices and create a more equitable society.
• Democratic Principles: In a democracy, all citizens should have equal rights and opportunities to participate in the political process and contribute to decision-making. The right to equality ensures that every individual's voice is heard and valued in the democratic system.
• Social Cohesion: Ensuring equality fosters social cohesion and unity by promoting mutual respect, understanding, and cooperation among diverse communities and groups. It helps bridge social divides and build a more harmonious society.
• Constitutional Values: The Constitution enshrines principles of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity as fundamental rights and guiding principles of governance. Guaranteeing the right to equality upholds these constitutional values and ensures their realization in practice.

• Right to Equality (Article 14-18): It prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth and ensures equal protection of laws to all citizens. It also abolishes untouchability and promotes social justice.
• Directive Principles of State Policy (Article 38, 39, 46): These principles mandate the state to promote social, economic, and political equality and strive to minimize inequalities of income, status, and opportunities. They guide legislative and policy initiatives aimed at achieving social justice and equitable development.
• Reservation Policy: The Constitution provides for reservations in educational institutions and public employment for socially and educationally backward classes, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes to promote equality and social justice. It aims to address historical injustices and empower marginalized communities.
• Right to Education (Article 21A): It guarantees free and compulsory education to all children aged 6-14 years, irrespective of their social or economic background. It aims to eliminate disparities in access to education and ensure equal opportunities for all children to realize their full potential.
• Social Welfare Schemes: The government implements various social welfare schemes and programs, such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), food security initiatives, healthcare programs, and housing schemes, to uplift marginalized and disadvantaged sections of society and reduce economic disparities.

• Women's Movement: The women's movement in India has been a significant struggle for gender equality and women's rights. It aimed to challenge patriarchal norms and discriminatory practices against women in various spheres of life, including education, employment, politics, and family. The movement advocated for legal reforms, social empowerment, and economic opportunities for women, leading to legislative changes such as the Dowry Prohibition Act, the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, and the Maternity Benefit Act. It also raised awareness about issues like gender-based violence, dowry, female foeticide, and unequal access to resources, catalyzing broader social change and promoting gender equality.
• Dalit Movement: The Dalit movement, led by leaders like B.R. Ambedkar and others, has been a struggle for social justice and the rights of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (SC/ST) in India. It aimed to challenge caste-based discrimination, untouchability, and social exclusion faced by Dalits in society. The movement advocated for affirmative action, reservation policies, and legislative reforms to address the socio-economic marginalization and exploitation of Dalits. It also demanded land reforms, access to education and employment, and equal participation in political and social institutions. The Dalit movement contributed to the enactment of laws like the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act and the implementation of reservation policies in education, employment, and political representation, empowering Dalits and promoting their social and economic equality.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 Long and Short Question with Answer

Short Answer Questions:

• The Tawa Matsya Sangh was a cooperative society formed by fisherfolk in the Tawa reservoir area. Its significance lies in its role in empowering the local fisher community by promoting collective action, ensuring fair prices for their catch, and challenging exploitative practices of traders and contractors. It demonstrated how marginalized communities could organize themselves to assert their rights and improve their socio-economic conditions.

• The Indian Constitution addressed the issue of inequality in society through various provisions and principles aimed at promoting social justice, equality, and inclusivity. It prohibited discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth and guaranteed equal protection of laws to all citizens. It also abolished untouchability and promoted affirmative action through reservations in education and public employment for socially and educationally backward classes, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes. Additionally, it included Directive Principles of State Policy that mandate the state to promote social, economic, and political equality and strive to minimize inequalities of income, status, and opportunities.

• The objectives of the women's movement in India included:
  • Challenging patriarchal norms and discriminatory practices against women.
  • Advocating for legal reforms to protect women's rights and ensure gender equality.
  • Promoting women's empowerment through access to education, employment, and political participation.
  • Raising awareness about gender-based violence, dowry, and other issues affecting women's lives.
• • Fostering solidarity among women and building a collective voice for change.

Long Answer Questions:

• The Indian Constitution plays a crucial role in promoting equality and social justice through various provisions and mechanisms:
  • Right to Equality: Articles 14-18 guarantee equality before law and equal protection of laws to all citizens, prohibiting discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. It also abolishes untouchability and promotes social justice.
  • Directive Principles of State Policy: Articles 38, 39, and 46 mandate the state to promote social, economic, and political equality and strive to minimize inequalities of income, status, and opportunities. They guide legislative and policy initiatives aimed at achieving social justice and equitable development.
  • Reservation Policy: The Constitution provides for reservations in educational institutions and public employment for socially and educationally backward classes, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes to promote equality and social justice. It aims to address historical injustices and empower marginalized communities.
  • Fundamental Rights: The Constitution guarantees fundamental rights, including the right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to education, and right to constitutional remedies, which are essential for safeguarding individual liberties and promoting equality in society.
• • Social Welfare Schemes: The government implements various social welfare schemes and programs, such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), food security initiatives, healthcare programs, and housing schemes, to uplift marginalized and disadvantaged sections of society and reduce economic disparities. These initiatives aim to ensure inclusive growth and equitable distribution of resources and opportunities.

• The Tawa Matsya Sangh holds significance in the context of struggles for equality in India as it exemplifies how marginalized communities can organize themselves to assert their rights and improve their socio-economic conditions. The cooperative society was formed by fisherfolk in the Tawa reservoir area to address the exploitation they faced from traders and contractors. By promoting collective action and ensuring fair prices for their catch, the Sangh empowered the local fisher community and challenged the oppressive practices of middlemen. It demonstrated the power of unity and collective bargaining in confronting social and economic inequalities. Additionally, the success of the Tawa Matsya Sangh inspired similar movements in other parts of the country, highlighting its role as a catalyst for broader social change and empowerment among marginalized groups.

NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 9 Summary