General features of the cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system is sometimes called the blood-vascular, or simply the circulatory, system. Read the article to know more about cardiovascular system.
Nivedita Dar20 May, 2024
Cardiovascular System - The Never Stopping Pumping System
William Harvey was the first to describe the cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart , blood vessels, and blood . Its primary function is to transport nutrients and oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body and to carry deoxygenated blood back to the lungs.So what are the components
It consist of heart which is the main pumping organ and pumps the blood to different parts of body along with a system of blood vessels consisting arteries , veins and capillaries. Arteries are the blood vessels that carries the oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood from right atrium. In general it can be concluded that arteries carries blood away from the heart. Veins are the blood vessels that carries the deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein which carries oxygenated lood from left atrium. In general it can be concluded that veins carries blood towards the heart. Heart is the hollow muscular organ consisting of 4 chambers namely two atrium (left and right) and 2 ventricle ( left and right), and is responsible for pumping the blood throughout the body parts where cells require nutrition. Blood is the specialised connective tissue which transports nutrients to the cells and carries the metabolic waste products produced by the tissues.CVS comprises 2 types of circulatory system
Systemic circulation is the main blood circulatory system that transports blood to the organs, tissues, and cells throughout the body. Pulmonary circulatory system transports blood between the heart and lungs. This system is responsible for the oxygenation of blood and removing carbon dioxide from the blood.How does CVS work ?
As we know that CVS contains muscular heart and blood vessels. The right ventricle of heart pumps deoxygenated blood into pulmonary artery which eventually reaches the lungs. In lungs this deoxygenated blood gets oxygenated and this oxygenated blood returns to the heart’s left atrium through pulmonary veins from where this oxygenated blood ultimately reaches to left ventricle of the heart. Left ventricle pumps the oxygenated blood into the aorta and thus blood is transported to different parts of body through a set of arteries.How CVS is regulated ?
CVS regulated by a number of factors like hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline secreted from adrenal gland, nervous system mainly autonomic nervous system comprising sympathetic and parasympathetic entities . Parasympathetic part mainly suppress the cardiovascular system while sympathetic part stimulates the CVS. Catecholamines are stimulators for the CVS.Cardiovascular System FAQs
What is the role of blood vessels?
In lower animals there is an open type of circulatory system where mixed blood is normally filled in sinuses and body cavities but it is not so in higher animals where blood flows separately through the blood vessels so that mixing of blood may not occur. This type of circulatory system is known as the closed circulatory system.
How does the cardiovascular system play a role in the transports of nutrients and oxygen?
Blood is the medium of transport of nutrients and oxygen to tissue. Blood constitutes plasma and formed elements. Glucose and other nutritive substances are transported through plasma while haemoglobin present in erythrocytes is mainly responsible for the transport of oxygen to tissue. It should be noted that some amount of oxygen is also transported through the plasma in the dissolved state.
How does the autonomic nervous system affect the cardiovascular system?
Autonomic nervous system comprises two interconnected systems I.e sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Both these counteracts each other’s effects on the heart. The overall effect on heart is determined by the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic effects at a time.
What is the role of the pulmonary system?
The pulmonary circulatory system receives the whole of the blood of the cardiac output from the right side of heart and is a low pressure, low resistance system due to its parallel capillary circulation.
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