NEET PG High Yield Questions for Microbiology

Preparing for the NEET PG exam requires a strategic focus on high-yield topics, especially in subjects like Microbiology. Below are some multiple-choice questions (MCQs) designed to enhance your understanding and readiness. Each question is accompanied by an answer and a brief explanation.

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1. Which test, as shown in the image below, is used to identify Group B Streptococcus?

A. CAMP test
B. Catalase test
C. Coagulase test
D. Bile solubility test

Answer: A. CAMP test
Explanation: The CAMP test helps identify Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus), which shows enhanced hemolysis near Staphylococcus aureus.

2. A 34-year-old HIV-positive male presents with beefy red genital ulcers. What is the causative organism?

A. Klebsiella granulomatis
B. Chlamydia trachomatis
C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
D. Haemophilus ducreyi

Answer: A. Klebsiella granulomatis
Explanation: Donovanosis is caused by Klebsiella granulomatis, characterized by painless ulcers with granulation tissue.

3. Which sterilization method is best monitored using Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores?

A. Hot air oven
B. Autoclave
C. Radiation sterilization
D. Filtration

Answer: B. Autoclave
Explanation: Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores are heat-resistant and used to verify autoclave efficacy.

4. A child presents with a sore throat, pseudomembrane formation, and bull-neck appearance. Which stain helps in diagnosis?

A. Gram stain
B. Albert stain
C. Ziehl-Neelsen stain
D. India ink preparation

Answer: B. Albert stain
Explanation: Corynebacterium diphtheriae is identified using Albert stain, highlighting metachromatic granules.

5. Which organism produces a blue-green pigment and emits a fruity odor?

A. Escherichia coli
B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C. Staphylococcus aureus
D. Proteus mirabilis

Answer: B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Explanation: P. aeruginosa produces pyocyanin and pyoverdine, responsible for its characteristic pigment and odor.

6. ‘Rose spots’ on the abdomen are characteristic of infection by:

A. Salmonella typhi
B. Rickettsia rickettsii
C. Treponema pallidum
D. Borrelia burgdorferi

Answer: A. Salmonella typhi
Explanation: Rose spots are a hallmark of typhoid fever caused by S. typhi.

7. Which bacteria exhibit a ‘school of fish’ arrangement under microscopy?

A. Haemophilus ducreyi
B. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
C. Streptococcus pyogenes
D. Listeria monocytogenes

Answer: A. Haemophilus ducreyi
Explanation: H. ducreyi, the causative agent of chancroid, appears in a ‘school of fish’ arrangement on Gram stain.

8. A painless genital ulcer is noted. What is the best diagnostic method?

A. Darkfield microscopy
B. Gram stain
C. Acid-fast stain
D. India ink preparation

Answer: A. Darkfield microscopy
Explanation: Treponema pallidum (syphilis) is visualized using darkfield microscopy.

9. The ‘safety pin’ appearance is characteristic of:

A. Clostridium tetani
B. Yersinia pestis
C. Salmonella enterica
D. Vibrio cholerae

Answer: B. Yersinia pestis
Explanation: Y. pestis exhibits a bipolar staining pattern, resembling a safety pin.

10. ‘Satellite phenomenon’ is observed in infections caused by:

A. Haemophilus influenzae
B. Bordetella pertussis
C. Brucella abortus
D. Legionella pneumophila

Answer: A. Haemophilus influenzae
Explanation: H. influenzae requires factor V (NAD) from Staphylococcus aureus for growth, forming satellite colonies.

11. A patient with a history of dog bite presents with hydrophobia. Which lab finding confirms the diagnosis?

A. Negri bodies
B. Babes Ernst bodies
C. Councilman bodies
D. Cowdry type A bodies

Answer: A. Negri bodies
Explanation: Rabies virus forms cytoplasmic Negri bodies in neurons.

12. The best medium for isolating Mycobacterium tuberculosis is:

A. Chocolate agar
B. Löwenstein-Jensen medium
C. Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts agar
D. MacConkey agar

Answer: B. Löwenstein-Jensen medium
Explanation: M. tuberculosis grows best on Löwenstein-Jensen medium.

13. Which fungal infection shows broad-based budding?

A. Histoplasma capsulatum
B. Blastomyces dermatitidis
C. Cryptococcus neoformans
D. Coccidioides immitis

Answer: B. Blastomyces dermatitidis
Explanation: Blastomyces exhibits broad-based budding in tissue samples.

14. The most common cause of atypical pneumonia is:

A. Legionella pneumophila
B. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C. Streptococcus pneumoniae
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae

Answer: B. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Explanation: M. pneumoniae is the leading cause of atypical pneumonia, often seen in young adults.

15. Which bacteria demonstrate a ‘Medusa head’ colony appearance?

A. Bacillus anthracis
B. Clostridium botulinum
C. Corynebacterium diphtheriae
D. Listeria monocytogenes

Answer: A. Bacillus anthracis
Explanation: B. anthracis forms rough, irregular colonies resembling a Medusa head.

Important Topics for NEET PG Microbiology

Key topics for NEET PG Microbiology include General Microbiology, Bacteriology, Virology, Mycology, and Parasitology. These topics cover essential concepts such as microbial identification, virulence factors, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for various pathogens.

1. General Microbiology & Laboratory Diagnosis
   Includes Sterilization & Disinfection (Autoclave, Hot Air Oven, Chemical Agents), Culture Media & Staining Techniques (Gram Stain, Ziehl-Neelsen, Albert Stain), Bacterial Growth & Toxin Mechanisms, and Bacteriophages & Plasmids, which are essential for understanding microbial identification and pathogenesis.
2.  Bacteriology
   Covers Gram-Positive Cocci (Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus), Gram-Negative Bacteria (E. coli, Pseudomonas, Neisseria), Zoonotic Bacteria (Brucella, Leptospira, Francisella), and Mycobacteria (M. tuberculosis, M. leprae), focusing on their virulence factors, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment.
3. Virology
   Focuses on HIV/AIDS & Opportunistic Infections, Hepatitis Viruses (HAV, HBV, HCV, HEV), Rabies, Polio, and Dengue Virus, and Herpesviruses (HSV, CMV, VZV, EBV), emphasizing clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and antiviral therapies.
4.  Mycology
   Includes Systemic Fungal Infections (Histoplasmosis, Blastomycosis, Candidiasis), Opportunistic Fungi (Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Mucormycosis), and Dermatophytes, covering their laboratory identification and antifungal treatment.
5.  Parasitology
   Encompasses Blood Protozoa (Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Leishmania), Intestinal Protozoa (Entamoeba, Giardia, Cryptosporidium), and Helminths (Ascaris, Schistosoma, Taenia, Wuchereria), focusing on their life cycles, pathology, and antiparasitic drugs.

NEET PG High Yield Questions for Microbiology: Preparation Tips

Prepare efficiently for NEET PG Microbiology with these high-yield tips. Focus on key areas like image-based questions, clinical correlations, and treatment strategies to boost your performance.

• Focus on Image-Based Questions: Identify bacterial cultures, stains, and radiological findings.
• Revise Clinical Presentations & Disease Correlations: Link bacteria with clinical features and pathognomonic findings.
• Solve MCQs Daily & Analyze Mistakes: Practice 50-100 MCQs daily and use flashcards for quick revision.
• Focus on Treatment & Drug Resistance: Know drug choices and antibiotic resistance mechanisms.