INPHO Kinetic Theory of Gases and Thermodynamics Questions

INPHO Kinetic Theory of Gases and Thermodynamics Questions cover a vital branch of physics that is crucial for competitive exams like the Indian National Physics Olympiad. This field involves the study of gases and heat transfer under various conditions, covering both microscopic and macroscopic aspects. Because these questions often blend multiple complex concepts, they demand strong analytical and problem-solving skills from students. Mastering this area is essential for aspirants who are aiming to excel in advanced physics competitions and secure top ranks

Here we have discussed essential INPHO  Kinetic Theory of Gases and Thermodynamics practice questions, complete with detailed answers. Students will gain insights into question patterns, learn effective problem-solving strategies, and reinforce their conceptual understanding. This resource helps students prepare for the rigor of inpho ktg numerical problems and improve their overall exam readiness. 

Also Read: INPhO Syllabus

Important INPHO Kinetic Theory of Gases and Thermodynamics Questions

This section presents a curated set of important INPHO Kinetic Theory of Gases and Thermodynamics questions covering various difficulty levels and types, from single-correct to subjective problems. These questions help in assessing and enhancing your understanding of key thermodynamics principles.

Question 1: Single Correct

Problem:
A large number of identical elastic balls move randomly inside a fixed vertical cylindrical container under a piston at height h = 1.0 m. The container is in a gravity-free chamber with a root mean square speed of 10² m/s and mean collision time of 10³ s. The piston is suddenly moved to a height 2h with a constant velocity u = 1.0 m/s. Find the ratio of total internal energy of the balls in the new steady state to the initial state.

(A) 0.5
(B) 0.98
(C) 1.0
(D) 1.02

Answer: (B) 0.98

Question 2: Multiple Correct

Problem:
An aerostat of volume V₀ filled with hydrogen hovers at a height with external pressure p and temperature T_air. Sunlight heats it to temperature T₁, causing gas to exit via a one-way valve. When shaded, the temperature drops and the volume decreases. Select the CORRECT statement(s) regarding the mass m of ballast to be thrown out to maintain height.

(A) The internal pressure exceeds the exterior to release gas.
(B) The valve never lets gas enter from outside.
(C) Both air and hydrogen are treated as ideal gases.
(D) The molar mass of air μ_air is not required for the calculation.

Answer: (A, B, C)

Question 3: Multiple Correct

Problem:
A thermally isolated cylinder is divided by a heat-conducting weightless wall. Initially, temperatures are equal, and the volume of hydrogen is one-third that of helium. Helium receives heat, moving the piston up by d₁ = 5 cm. After a long period, additional displacement occurs.

(A) The final temperatures of both compartments will equalize.
(B) Molar heat capacitance Cₚ for H₂ equals 7/2 R.
(C) Molar heat capacitance Cₚ for He equals 5/2 R.
(D) The piston moves down in the additional displacement.

Answer: (A, B, C)

Question 4: Integer Type

Problem:
A room of volume V₁ = 20 cubic meters at 25 degrees Celsius is mixed with outside air of volume V₂ = 10 cubic meters at 1 degree Celsius. Specific heat capacity cₚ = 1005 J per kg per K. If the total volume V = V₁ + V₂ remains constant, find the final temperature T in degrees Celsius, rounded to the nearest integer.

Answer: 17

Question 5: Subjective Type

Problem:
A vertical cylinder contains a molecular gas in equilibrium under a glass plate of mass m = 800 g. A laser of wavelength 514 nm irradiates the gas for 10 seconds, and the plate moves up by Δs = 30 mm. If n = 0.100 mol and cᵥ = 20.8 J per mol per K, compute the mechanical work carried out by the gas.

Solution:
The mechanical work is calculated using the displacement of the plate and the pressure change.

Answer: W ≈ 0.24 J

Question 6: Subjective / Analytical

Problem:
In a car engine, air is compressed adiabatically during Stage II. If the fresh air enters at room temperature T₀ and pressure p₀, and the piston moves from the leftmost to the rightmost position, describe the state changes.

Solution Summary:
The compression is adiabatic, meaning no heat exchange occurs with the surroundings. The temperature and pressure increase significantly, following the relation T × V^(γ−1) = constant.

Answer:
Temperature and pressure increase adiabatically.

INPHO Kinetic Theory of Gases and Thermodynamics Questions PDF 

Mastering thermal physics requires consistent practice with high-level problems. To assist your preparation, we have compiled comprehensive resources including inpho kinetic theory of gases previous year questions and curated practice sets. Use the links below to download the inpho kinetic theory of gases questions pdf and start solving advanced numerical problems.

How to Use Solved INPHO Kinetic Theory of Gases and Thermodynamics Questions for Exam Preparation?

Effective use of these solved INPHO Kinetic Theory of Gases and Thermodynamics questions can significantly boost your exam preparation. Follow these steps to maximize your learning and readiness:

Master Concepts First: Before attempting the problems, ensure a solid understanding of the first law of thermodynamics, kinetic theory, and adiabatic processes.

Attempt Problems Independently: Try to solve each problem on your own first to identify areas where you need more clarity.

Analyze Solved Questions: Compare your solutions with the provided answers to understand the reasoning for challenging inpho kinetic theory of gases questions.

Identify Weak Areas: Revisit the concepts related to problems you struggled with for deeper learning.

Practice Advanced Problems: These inpho ktg numerical problems are designed for high-level exams to build confidence.

Review Regularly: Use these solutions for quick revision of complex topics before the exam.