CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes Chapter 9:
These notes are important for students preparing for their CBSE Class 6 Political Science exams, particularly Chapter 9, which focuses on Urban Livelihoods. This chapter explains the various government initiatives aimed at enhancing urban livelihoods, including skill development programs and employment guarantee schemes, designed to support urban workers and improve their living conditions. Overall, studying this chapter helps students understand the socio-economic dynamics of urban life and encourages them to think critically about the issues urban workers face, laying a foundation for further studies in political science and related fields.
CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes Chapter 9 Quick Overview
These notes are prepared by subject experts of Physics Wallah provides a detailed overview of Chapter 9 Urban Livelihoods for CBSE Class 6 Political Science. By breaking down complex concepts into simpler terms, these notes help students gain a clear understanding of the socio-economic dynamics in urban settings making them an invaluable resource for their studies.
CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes Chapter 9 PDF
CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes for Chapter 9 Urban Livelihoods help students understand how people in cities earn their living.
The chapter highlights how education and skills training can improve job opportunities and how the government helps support people working in cities. For more detailed information, you can access the PDF link provided below.
CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes Chapter 9 Urban Livelihoods PDF
CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes Chapter 9 Urban Livelihoods
Here we have provided CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes Chapter 9 Urban Livelihoods-
Urban Livelihood
Urban livelihoods involve a large number of people who work on the streets in cities. Around 12% of all workers in urban areas are street vendors who sell, repair, or provide services. These individuals work for themselves, not employed by anyone, and must organize their own businesses. They plan how much to buy, where to set up their shops, and how to operate. Most of these shops are temporary structures, using items like boards, canvas sheets, or even carts, and can be dismantled at any moment by the authorities. Street vendors often face insecurity since they have no permanent space and can be asked to leave at any time, especially in areas where hawking is restricted.
These vendors sell goods that are often prepared at home with the help of their families. Almost 1 crore street vendors work in India's urban areas, and while they are sometimes seen as obstructing traffic and pedestrians, their contribution to the economy is now recognized. The government is considering changes to laws that previously banned street vendors, allowing them designated spaces to work while ensuring smooth traffic flow. Ideas like "hawking zones" in cities have been suggested, and mobile vendors may be given more freedom to move around. It's also proposed that hawkers be included in committees that make decisions regarding their work.
In the Market
In the market, many people own shops of various sizes, selling different goods. These businesspersons manage their own shops or businesses and are not employed by anyone else. However, they may hire workers as supervisors or helpers. Unlike street vendors, these are permanent shops, and the owners have a license from the municipal corporation to run their business. The Municipal Corporation also decides which day of the week the market will remain closed. Besides shops, markets often have small offices and services like banks, courier services, and other businesses that support the local economy.
In the Factory-Workshop Area
In the factory and workshop areas, there is a place known as the “labour chowk,” where daily wage laborers gather. These workers assist masons, dig at construction sites, lift and unload goods from trucks, dig pipelines, lay telephone cables, and build roads. There are thousands of such casual workers in the city. Most factory workers are hired on a casual basis, meaning they are called to work only when needed, often when large orders come in or during certain seasons. These jobs are not permanent, and workers have no job security. If they complain about their pay or working conditions, they are often asked to leave. They also face ill-treatment and are expected to work long hours without proper protection or rights.
In the Office Area
In the office area, people working in offices receive a regular monthly salary and are often permanent employees of the company. They can expect their job to last for a long period, offering stability and various benefits. One key benefit is savings for old age, where a portion of their salary is kept in a government fund that earns interest. They also enjoy regular holidays, typically having weekends and national holidays off, along with annual leave. Additionally, companies provide medical facilities, covering medical expenses up to a certain limit, and employees can take medical leave without a salary deduction.
Important Questions for CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes Chapter 9 Urban Livelihoods
Here are the important questions and answers of Chapter 9 for Class 6 students:
Q.1.
In what ways is a permanent and regular job different from a casual job? Discuss.
Ans-
A permanent and regular job is different from a casual job in many ways. In a permanent job, people get a regular salary every month and have job security, meaning they can expect their job to continue for a long time. They also get benefits like medical leave, holidays, and savings for old age. Casual jobs, on the other hand, are temporary. Workers are hired only when needed, and they don’t get benefits like regular holidays or medical facilities. They also don’t have job security and can be asked to leave at any time.
Q. 2.
________________ is now recognised as a general benefit and as a right of people to earn their livelihood.
Ans- Street vending
is now recognized as a general benefit and as a right of people to earn their livelihood.
Q. 3
. Workers who work in offices, factories, and government departments are called casual workers. True or False?
Ans-
False. Workers who work in offices, factories, and government departments are usually permanent workers, not casual workers.
Q. 4.
What is required for permanent shops?
Ans-
For permanent shops, a
license
is required from the Municipal Corporation, which allows them to do business legally in the market.
Q. 5
. Mention the kind of threats that temporary workers go through.
Ans-
Temporary workers face many threats. They don’t have job security and can lose their job any time if the employer doesn’t need them. They may be paid less and have to work long hours. If they complain about the work or pay, they can be easily asked to leave. Temporary workers also don’t get benefits like medical leave or regular holidays, making their jobs unstable.
Benefits of CBSE Class 6 Political Science Notes Chapter 9 Urban Livelihoods
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Simplified Understanding
: The notes break down complex topics into easy-to-understand concepts, helping students grasp the various aspects of urban livelihoods, such as street vendors, factory workers, and office employees.
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Time-Saving
: The notes provide a concise summary of the chapter, allowing students to revise quickly without going through the entire textbook.
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Exam Preparation
: These notes focus on key points that are important for exams, helping students to focus on the most important information.
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Clear Explanation
: Important terms and concepts are explained in simple language, which makes it easier for students to understand and remember them.
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Retention of Key Information
: With well-organized content, these notes help students retain key points, making it easier for them to recall during exams.
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Better Performance
: By using these notes students can improve their performance in exams as they can revise effectively and feel more confident in their understanding of urban livelihoods.
