Introduction

• Balance of trade: It is the difference between the total value of exports and imports of goods of a nation.
• Border roads: These are roads constructed along the international frontier for maintaining the defence of the country.
• Communication: Exchange of ideas, emotions, messages, either written or oral, from one place to another all over the world.
• Exports: Goods dispatched/sent from one country to another.
• Golden quadrilateral super ways: Roads built for fast and uninterrupted traffic having four to six lanes connecting the four metropolitan cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata.
• Hinterland: An area served by a port.
• International trade: Trade carried on between countries.
• Mass communication: The means of communication through which one can communicate with several people at the same time.
• Pipelines: A new means of transport for carrying oil and natural gas from the oilfields and refineries to far off places.
• Personal communication: Communication between two or more persons at personal level.
• Port: A commercial part of a harbour where loading and unloading of goods takes place in ships.
• Trade: Exchange of goods and commodities between or among countries or within the country.
• Transport: A system by which goods and passengers are carried from one place to another.

"The means of transport and communication are called the lifelines of a country and its economy"

Lifelines of a human being are his veins which carry blood to all parts of the body and provide them energy. Same way means of transport and communication bring all the regions of a country closer and develop them equally. A country can make tremendous progress only on the basis of its developed means of transport and communication.

Various means of transport and communication have reduced distances

Earlier people used to move on foot, the means of transportation were not at all developed, going from one place to another was considered as a burden, but now a days no place in the world is far away. With the present means of transportation, one can reach to any part of the world within hours. Earlier the means of communication also were not developed. It took a long time to send message from one place to another. In the present world with the means like telephone, television and most importantly internet, none of the countries or any part of world is far away.