Short Notes and Formulas of class 8 science chapter-Reproduction in animal

Short Notes and Formulas of class 8 science chapter-Reproduction in animal

May 13, 2022, 16:45 IST

Class 8 science chapter-Reproduction in animal

While individual organisms die without fail, species continue to live through millions of years unless threatened by natural extinction. Reproduction is the vital process which enables the species to survive for all these years. Reproduction is the creation of new individuals from previously existing individuals. Reproduction is thus defined as a biological process in which organisms gives rise to young ones (off springs) similar to them. The offspring grows, matures and in turn produces new offspring. Thus, this cycle of birth, growth and death continues from generation to generation due to reproduction.

Types of Reproduction

1. Asexual reproduction
2. Sexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction

• In this method a single individual (parent) is capable of producing offsprings. As a result the offsprings produced are not only identical to one another but are also exact copies of their parent.

• They are similar morphologically and genetically, therefore, can also be termed as clones. Asexual reproduction is common among single celled organisms, and in plants and animals with relatively simple organizations.
• Different types of asexual reproduction that occurs in animals are:

Regeneration:

• It is exhibited by echinoderms, coelenterates, planarians, wherein if a part of the body breaks or becomes detached, it can grow and develop into a completely new individual.

Budding:

• In budding, an offspring grows out of the body of parent. Buds may remain attached initially to the parent body but eventually get separated and matures into new organism. It occurs in both single celled and multicellular organisms. E.g; Hydra, Yeast etc .

Fragmentation -

• In this type of reproduction, the body of the parent breaks into distinct piece, each of which can produce an offspring. Planarian and Spirogyra exhibit this type of reproduction.

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