NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 15 Question Answer PDF

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 15: Chapter 15 of Class 11 Biology, Body Fluids and Circulation, delves into the structure, composition, and functions of body fluids like blood and lymph. It explains blood components, blood groups, and coagulation processes.

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 15 Overview

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 15 Question Answer PDF

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 15 Body Fluids and Circulation

1. Name the components of the formed elements in the blood and mention one major function of each of them.

Solution:

• Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are oxygen-carrying particles that also contain the pigment haemoglobin. Oxyhaemoglobin, which is created when haemoglobin and oxygen combine, transports oxygen to parts of the body that are oxygen-deficient.
• White blood cells, or leucocytes, are known to produce antibodies that neutralise or destroy pathogens.
• Neutrophils use a defensive process called phagocytosis to combat bacteria.
• Blood platelets, also known as thrombocytes, help the blood coagulate.

2. What is the importance of plasma proteins?

Solution:

• Globulins – They are involved in the defence mechanism of the body and are also referred to as immunoglobulins.
• Albumins –They aid in maintaining the osmotic balance of the body.
• Fibrinogens – It plays a significant role in blood coagulation.

3. Match Column I with Column II :

Solution:

4. Why do we consider blood as a connective tissue?

Solution:

5. What is the difference between lymph and blood?

Solution:

6. What is meant by double circulation? What is its significance?

Solution:

1. Pulmonary circulation
   • Blood in the right ventricle is pumped into the pulmonary arteries.
   • For oxygenation, these pulmonary arteries transport deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
   • The oxygenated blood is then sent to the left atrium from the lungs through the pulmonary veins.
   • This type of circulation of blood is referred to as pulmonary circulation, where blood is pumped via pulmonary blood vessels.

2. Systemic circulation
   • It is a term used to refer to the major circulation of the body.
   • Oxygenated blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta.
   • Furthermore, it is carried by the arteries, arterioles and the linkage of blood capillaries.
   • Simultaneously, deoxygenated blood is accumulated in the right atrium through the inferior and superior vena cava.
   • This circulation supplies nutrients and oxygen and carries away carbon dioxide and other toxic substances for elimination.

• This type of circulation checks and prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
• In double circulation, oxygen is utilised efficiently.

7. Write the differences between:

(a) Blood and Lymph

(b) Open and Closed system of circulation

(c) Systole and Diastole

(d) P-wave and T-wave

Solution:

(c) Systole and Diastole

8. Describe the evolutionary change in the pattern of the heart among the vertebrates.

Solution:

9. Why do we call our heart myogenic?

Solution:

10. Sino-atrial node is called the pacemaker of our heart. Why?

Solution:

11. What is the significance of the atrioventricular node and the atrioventricular bundle in the functioning of the heart?

Solution:

12. Define the cardiac cycle and the cardiac output.

Solution:

• The alternate contraction and relaxation of the chambers of the heart cause the blood to circulate in the heart.
• The relaxation or expansion phase is also referred to as diastole, whereas contraction is also referred to as systole.
• Every systole is followed by a diastole.
• The cardiac cycle is the series of events that take place in one complete heartbeat. It lasts for about 0.8 seconds.

• It is the amount of blood that is pumped by each of the ventricles in a minute.
• It is given by

13. Explain heart sounds.

Solution:

14. Draw a standard ECG and explain the different segments in it.

Solution:

Benefits of Using NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 15

Comprehensive Understanding : Offers detailed explanations of concepts like blood composition, circulation mechanisms, and related disorders.

Exam Preparation : Helps students answer NCERT-based questions accurately, enhancing performance in exams.

Simplified Learning : Breaks down complex topics for easier comprehension and retention.

Clarity on Diagrams : Provides step-by-step guidance on labeling and interpreting key diagrams.

Practice Material : Strengthens problem-solving skills with a variety of question formats.

Aligned with Curriculum : Follows NCERT guidelines, ensuring relevance and accuracy.

Convenient Access : Solutions in PDF format are easy to access and use anytime.