| General Geography |
| 1. Universe |
- Origin and Development theories of Universe
- Galaxy
- Star and Planet formation
- Solar system (Sun, Planets, Moon)
- Asteroids and Meteors
- Kupier belt
- Comets and Dwarf planets
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| 2. Evolution of Earth |
- Geological History of Earth
- Evolution of Layered Structure of Earth
- Evolution of Lithosphere, Atmosphere and Hydrosphere
- Latitude and Longitude (Parallels and Meridians)
- Motions of the Earth - Rotation, Revolution and their effects
- Inclination of the Earth’s Axis and its effects
- Time Zones, Standard and Local Time and the International Date Line and Calendar
- Solar and Lunar Eclipses
- Earth’s magnetic field and Geological time scale
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| Human And Economic Geography Of The World |
| 1. Demography and Census |
- Concept of Human Resources
- Factors Affecting the Distribution of Population
- Economic Factors
- Minerals and Its Distribution
- Urbanisation and Industrialisation
- Socio-Cultural Factors
- Population Growth, Growth of Population, Growth Rate of Population, Natural Growth of Population, Positive And Negative Growth of Population
- Components Of Population Change
- Migration – Place of Origin and Place of Destination
- Immigration And Emigration, Push Factors And Pull Factors
- Trends in Population Growth
- Spatial Pattern of Population Change, Impact of Population Change
- Demographic Transition, Demographic Transition Theory
- Demographic Cycle
- Theories of Population Growth
- Malthusian Theory, Marxian Theory
- Optimum Population, Over and Under Population
- Population Control Measures
- World Population Distribution, Density And Growth
- Pattern of Population Density Globally
- Population Composition, Sex Composition And Ratio
- Natural Advantage Vs Social Advantage
- Age Structure And Pyramid
- Expanding, Constant And Declining Populations
- Rural Urban Composition And Religion Based Composition
- Population Problems of Developing and Developed Countries
- Census of India 2011, Terminologies and Important Information
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| 2. Human Development |
- Growth vs Development
- Four pillars of Development
- Approaches to Human Development
- Measuring Human Development
- International Comparisons of Human Development
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| 3. Economic Activities |
- Primary Activities (Nomadic Herding, Commercial livestock. Rearing, etc)
- Agriculture (Subsistence Agriculture, Primitive Subsistence Agriculture, Intensive Subsistence Agriculture, etc.)
- Mining (Factors affecting Mining, Methods of Mining, etc.)
- Secondary Activities
- Manufacturing
- Mechanisation
- Transportation and communication Facilities
- Government Policy
- Classification of Manufacturing Industries (Small Scale, Large Scale. etc.)
- Industries based on Raw Materials or inputs
- Tertiary, Quaternary and Quinary Activities
- Types of Tertiary Activities (Trade and commerce, Wholesale Trading, Transport, etc.)
- People engaged in tertiary Activities
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| 4. Transport and Communication |
- Modes of Transport (Land, Water, Air, etc.)
- Modes of Communication (Satellite communication, Cyberspace internet, etc.)
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| 5. International Trade |
- History of International Trade
- Basis of International Trade
- Important Aspects of International Trade
- Types of International Trade
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| Indian Geography |
| 1. Physiography of India |
- Geological Region
- Location
- Physiographic Division of India
- Mountain System
- The Peninsular - Peninsular Plateaus
- Plains - Northern Plains of India
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| 2. Drainage and River System |
- Drainage system of India
- Himalayan Drainage
- East flowing Rivers
- West flowing Rivers
- Indus river system
- Indus drainage system
- Ganga River System
- Brahmaputra river system
- Peninsular River System, Mains Rivers and their tributaries
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| 3. Climate of India |
- Factors influencing the climate of India
- Monsoon
- Mechanism of the Monsoon
- EL NINO and LA NINA
- Droughts and Floods in India
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| 4. Indian Soils |
- Types of Soil Found in India
- Soil Acidity
- Soil textures
- Minerals of Soil
- Soil Erosion
- Soil Conservation
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| 5. Natural Vegetation in India |
- Vegetation
- Mangroves
- Distribution of Forest Area and problems associated to it
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| 6. Population of India |
- Size, Growth Rate and Distribution of Population
- India in World Population
- Demographic Transition
- Density of Population
- Literacy
- Literacy in Major States
- Trends on Sex Ratio in India
- Child Sex Ratio
- Old Age People
- Health Indicators
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| 7. Land Resources of India |
- Land-Use and Capability Classification
- Causes and Impact of Land Degradation
- Steps Taken by Indian Government
- Sustainable Land Management
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| 8. Mineral Resources of India |
- Types of Minerals
- Distribution of Minerals Region Wise
- Ferro-Alloys and Non-Ferrous Alloys
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| 9. Energy Resources of India |
- Classification of Energy
- Production of Conventional Energy
- General Trends of Energy Production And Consumption
- Reserves And Sources of Energy
- Coal
- Hydro-Electric Power Generation In India
- Atomic And Nuclear Energy
- Solar Energy
- Wind Energy
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| 10. Agriculture in India |
- Basic Terminology of Agriculture
- Recent Developments in Agriculture Field
- Productivity of Crops and conditions for growth
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| 11. Industries in India |
- Industrial Development
- Iron and Steel Industry
- Global Steel production
- Textile Industry
- Cotton Textile Industry
- Woollen textile industry
- Silk textile industry
- Synthetic silk industry
- Fertiliser Industry
- Petroleum Refining Industry
- Synthetic Rubber Industry
- Pulp and Paper Industry
- Petroleum Refining Industry
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| 12. Transport in India |
- Modes of Transport
- Transport Costs
- Operating Costs of Transport in India
- Railways, Roads, Pipeline, Oceans, Air transport
- Profits and Freight Rates
- Government’s Transport policy
- Ocean Transport Routes
- Inland Waterways
- Main Regions of Inland Waterways
- Railways
- Air transport
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| Geomorphology |
| 1. Interior Part of the Earth |
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| 2. Geology and Rock system |
- Minerals
- Major Elements of the Earth’s Crust
- Types of Rocks, Properties of Rocks
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| 3. Geomorphic Processes |
- Surface of the Earth
- Endogenic and Exogenic Forces
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| 4. Earthquakes and Volcanoes |
- Earthquakes
- Types of Earthquakes
- Effects
- Frequency and Epicentre
- Volcanoes
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| 5. Distribution of Continents and Ocean |
- Continental Drift Theory
- Evidence in support of Continental Drift Theory
- Sea Floor Spreading
- Forces of Drifting
- Convectional Current Theory
- Mapping of the Ocean Floor
- Plate Tectonics, Major Plates, and Minor Plates.
- Plate Boundaries
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| 6. Landforms and their evolution |
- Causes
- Geomorphic Agent
- Agents and their Impacts
- Winds
- Depositional Landforms
- Running Water and Erosional Landforms
- Depositional Landforms
- Ground Water
- Other Erosional Landforms
- Glaciers
- Waves and Currents
- Weathering
- Biological Weathering
- Effects of Weathering
- Significance of Weathering
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| Oceanography |
| 1. Hydrosphere |
- Surface Water on Earth
- Hydrological Cycle
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| 2. Submarine Relief Features |
- Oceans
- Relief of the Ocean floor
- Divisions of the ocean floor
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| 3. Minor relief features |
- Mid oceanic ridges
- Seamount
- Submarine canyons
- Volcanic Islands
- Fracture Zones
- Hotspots
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| 4. Temperature and Salinity |
- Temperature of the Ocean Water
- Salinity of the Ocean Water
- Density of Ocean Waters
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| 5. Waves, Ocean Currents and Tides |
- Factors Influencing Movement
- Motion – Horizontal and Vertical Currents
- Waves
- Tides
- Ocean Currents
- Major Ocean Currents of the World
- Effects of Ocean Currents
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| 6. Marine Resources |
- Underground Water Resource
- Surface Water Resources
- Inland Water Resources
- Oceanic Water Resources
- Utilisation of Oceans by Man
- Water Consumption Patterns
- Conservation of Water Resources
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| 7. Ocean Deposits and Corals |
- Terrigenous Deposits
- Volcanic Deposits
- Biotic Deposits
- Abiotic Deposits
- Coral Reefs
- Great Barrier Reef
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| Climatology |
| 1. Atmosphere |
- Composition
- Structure
- Exosphere
- Thermosphere
- Mesosphere
- Stratosphere
- Troposphere
- Altitude and Temperature Relation
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| 2. Inversion of Temperature |
- Temperature
- Factors Controlling Temp distribution
- Distribution of Temperature
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| 3. Winds and Pressure belts |
- Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Vertical Variation of Pressure
- Horizontal Distribution of Pressure
- World Distribution of Sea Level Pressure
- Factors Affecting the Velocity and Direction of the Wind
- Pressure and Wind
- Latitudinal Variation of Atmospheric Heating
- Distribution of Continents & Oceans
- Rotation of the Earth
- Circulation of Winds
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| 4. Air Mass, Fronts, Cyclones and Jet Stream |
- Air Mass
- Fronts
- Cyclones
- Thunderstorms
- Tornadoes
- Monsoons
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| 5. Precipitation |
- Water in the Atmosphere
- Precipitation
- Humidity and Saturation
- Evaporation and Condensation
- Dew, Frost, Fog & Mist and Clouds
- Rainfall, Snowfall, Sleet Hail, Hailstones
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| 6. Climatic Zones of the World |
- Koppene’s Classification of Climatic Zones
- World Climate
- Tropical Monsoon and Tropical Marine Climates
- Savanna or Sudan Climate
- Hot Desert and Mid-Latitude Desert Climates
- Arctic or Polar Climate
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| Biogeography |
| 1. Characteristics of Soil |
- Factors Responsible for Soil Formation
- Stages of Soil Formation
- Soil Forming Processes
- Soil Profiles and Horizons
- Soil Classification
- Soil Erosion and Conservation
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| 2. Vegetation resources |
Types of Natural Vegetation
- Forests
- Significance of Forests
- Economic Significance, Ecological Significance
- Cultural Significance
- Grasslands
- Desert Vegetation
- Tundra Vegetation
- Underlying Causes of Deforestation
- Conservation of Forests
- Forest Conservation Strategies
- Reforestation
- Afforestation
- Types of forestry
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| World Regional Geography |
| 1. Continents and Countries |
- Continents and Important Cities of the World
- Important Cities Situated on the Banks of Rivers
- Changed Names of Some Cities, States, and Countries
- Regional Grouping of Countries of the World
- Economic Classification of Countries of the World
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| 2. World Regions in News |
- West Asia, Israel and Palestine
- Central Asia, Russia and Ukraine
- China
- All the regions in News recently
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