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CA Subjects and Syllabus 2023: CPT, IPCC & Foundation

The professional programme known as "Chartered Accountancy”, or simply "CA," provides students with the technical skills they need to handle the finances, accounting, and taxation of any type of corporation or organization.As a result, many students have the desire to enroll in a CA programme, but many of them are unable to find the time or cannot afford to go to offline classes. As a result, they look for online classes for the CA foundation. To provide a complete overview of the syllabus and subjects for this entry-level examination, let's first have a look at CA Foundation study material 2023.

CA Subjects and Syllabus 2023: CPT, IPCC & Foundation

CA Foundation/CPT Course

Serial no. Subjects Marking Scheme
1. Principles and Practices of Accounting 100 marks
2. Business Law and Business Correspondence and Reporting 100 marks
3. Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics 100 marks
4. Business Economics & Business and Commercial Knowledge 100 marks

Syllabus for CA Foundation Course

Paper 1 - Principles and Practices of Accounting

Topics Subtopics
Theoretical Framework
  1. Meaning and Scope of accounting
  2. Accounting Concepts, Principles and Conventions
  3. Accounting terminology - Glossary
  4. Capital and revenue expenditure, Capital and revenue receipts, Contingent assets and contingent liabilities
  5. Accounting Policies
  6. Accounting as a Measurement Discipline - Valuation Principles, Accounting Estimates
  7. Accounting Standards - Concepts and Objectives
  8. Indian Accounting Standards - Concepts and Objectives
Accounting Process
  1. Books of Accounts
  2. Preparation of Trial Balance
  3. Rectification of Errors
Bank Reconciliation Statement Introduction, reasons, preparation of bank reconciliation statement
Inventories Cost of inventory, Net realizable value, Basis and technique of inventory valuation and record keeping
Concept and Accounting of Depreciation Concepts, Methods of computation and accounting treatment of depreciation, Change in depreciation methods
Accounting for Special Transactions
  1. Bills of exchange and promissory notes- Meaning of Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes and their Accounting Treatment; Accommodation bills.
  2. Sale of goods on approval or return basis- Meaning of goods sent on approval or return basis and accounting treatment.
  3. Consignments- Meaning and Features of consignment business, Difference between sale and consignment, Accounting treatments for consignment transactions and events in the books of consignor and consignee.
  4. Average due Date- Meaning, Calculation of average due date in various situations.
  5. Account Current- Meaning of Account Current, Methods of preparing Account Current
Final Accounts of Sole Proprietors Elements of financial statements, Closing Adjustment Entries, Trading Account, Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet of Manufacturing and Non-manufacturing entities
Partnership Accounts
  1. Final Accounts of Partnership Firms
  2. Admission, Retirement and Death of a Partner including Treatment of Goodwill
  3. Introduction to LLPs and Distinction of LLPs from Partnership
Financial Statements of Not-for-Profit Organizations Significance of Receipt and Payment Account, Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet, Difference between Profit and Loss Account and Income and Expenditure Account. Preparation of Receipt and Payment Account, Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet
Introduction to Company Accounts
  1. Definition of shares and debentures
  2. Issue of shares and debentures, forfeiture of shares, re-issue of forfeited shares
  3. Statement of Profit and Loss and Balance Sheet as per Schedule III to the Companies Act, 2013.

Paper 2 - Business Law and Business Correspondence and Reporting (Section A - Business Law (60 marks))

Topics
The Indian Contract Act, 1872 - An overview of Sections 1 to 75 covering the general nature of the contract, consideration, other essential elements of a valid contract, performance of a contract, breach of contract, Contingent and Quasi Contract.
The Sale of Goods Act, 1930 - Formation of the contract of sale, Conditions and Warranties, Transfer of ownership and delivery of goods, Unpaid seller and his rights.
The Indian Partnership Act, 1932 - General Nature of Partnership, Rights and duties of partners, Reconstitution of firms, Registration and dissolution of a firm.
The Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 - Introduction- covering nature and scope, Essential features, characteristics of LLP, Incorporation and differences with other forms of organizations.
The Companies Act, 2013 - Essential features of company, corporate veil theory, Classes of companies, types of share capital, Incorporation of company, Memorandum of Association, Articles of Association, Doctrine of Indoor Management

Paper 2 - Business Law and Business Correspondence and Reporting(Section B - Business Correspondence and Reporting (40 marks))

Topics Subtopics
Communication
  1. Types
  2. Directions
  3. Network
  4. Process
  5. Problems
  6. Barriers
  7. Types of Communication - a) Interpersonal Skills b) Listening Skills c) Emotional Intelligence
  8. Sample Questions with Answers
  9. Exercises
Sentence Types (Direct-Indirect, Active -Passive Speech)
  1. Sentence: Definition
  2. Classification of sentence based on connotation - a) Assertive sentences b) Interrogative sentences c) Imperative sentences d) Exclamatory sentences e) Optative sentences
  3. Sentence Structure - a) Subject and Predicate b) Verb (Auxiliary, Finite) c) Object (Direct, Indirect) d) Complement e) Adjunct or Adverbial f) Clause Structure g) Types of Clauses - Independent clauses - Dependent clauses - Relative or noun clauses
  4. Types of sentences a) Simple sentence b) Compound sentence c) Complex sentence d) Compound-complex sentence
  5. Direct-Indirect Speech a) Introduction b) Procedure for converting Direct speech into Indirect speech - Rules for converting Direct speech into Indirect speech - Change in pronouns - Change in tenses - Change in modals - Changes for Imperative sentences - Changes for Exclamatory sentences - Changes for Interrogative sentences - Punctuation in Direct speech c) Rules for converting Indirect speech into Direct speech
  6. Active Passive Voice: Introduction a) Usage: Active vs. passive voice b) Reasons for using Passive voice c) Changing Passive voice to Active voice d) Changing Active voice to Passive voice e) Suggestions for using Active and Passive voice
  7. Verbs Voice Active or passive
  8. Exercises
Vocabulary Root Words, Synonyms, Antonyms, Prefixes, Suffixes), Phrasal verbs, Collocations and Idioms.
  1. Introduction
  2. Significance of improving vocabulary
  3. How to improve vocabulary
  4. Root words
  5. Synonyms and Antonyms
  6. Words formed by using Prefixes
  7. Words formed by using Suffixes
  8. Phrasal verbs
  9. Collocations
  10. Idioms
  11. Exercises
Comprehension Passages
  1. Introduction to Comprehension Passages
  2. Points to ponder
  3. Sample Passages with answers
  4. Exercises
Note Making
  1. Introduction to Note Making
  2. Significance of Note Making
  3. Detailed Format Heading (Title) - a) Sub-heading b) Indentation c) Points d) Use of abbreviations e) Summary f) Content g) Expression
  4. Steps to Comprehend and summarize a text
  5. Helpful Hints
  6. Sample Passages with Notes
  7. Exercises
Introduction to Basic Writing
  1. Introduction
  2. Process of writing
  3. Styles of Writing
  4. Significance of writing skills for students
  5. Writing Conventions
  6. Characteristics of good writing
  7. Do’s and Don’ts of good writing
Précis Writing
  1. What is Précis writing?
  2. Features of good Précis writing
  3. How to write a Précis
  4. Do’s and Don’ts of Précis writing
  5. Examples (Passages with Précis)
  6. Exercises
Article Writing
  1. What is an Article?
  2. Essential elements of Article Writing
  3. Detailed Format - a) Title b) By- Writer’s Name c) Body - Introduction - Main Idea-Support - Conclusion d) Sample Articles e) Exercises
Report Writing
  1. What is a Report?
  2. Essential elements of Report Writing
  3. Kinds of Reports - a) Reporting for a Meeting/Assembly b) Reporting for a Newspaper c) Reporting for a Magazine
  4. Detailed Format for (iii) above - a) Title b) By- Writer’s Name c) Place, Date d) Body - What - When - Where - Who - How, e) Tips and Conventions of Report Writing f) Sample Reports g) Exercises
Writing Formal Letters
  1. Types of Letters - a) Circulars b) Complaints c) Memos d) Promotional Content e) Sales f) Recovery/Remittances
  2. Detailed format for (i) above a) Date b) Salutation c) Subject d) Body of the Letter - First paragraph - Second paragraph e) Complimentary Closure
  3. Points to Remember
  4. Sample Letters
  5. Exercises
Writing Formal Mails
  1. How to Write a Formal Mail?
  2. Writing Effective Mails
  3. Essential elements of Mails - a) Subject line b) Formal Greetings c) Target Audience(Reader) d) Clarity and Conciseness e) Formal Closing f) Proofread g) Feedback
  4. Tips and Conventions of Mails
  5. Sample Mails
  6. Exercises
Resume Writing
  1. Essential Elements of Resume - a) Name and contact details b) Objective Summary c) Academic Qualifications and Achievements d) Co-curricular Achievements e) Training Programs attended/completed f) Strengths g) Interests/Hobbies h) Declaration i) Signature
  2. Resume Writing Tips and Conventions
  3. Sample Resumes
  4. Exercises
Meetings
  1. Notice
  2. Agenda
  3. Drafting minutes
  4. Action Taken Report

Paper 3 - Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics(Part A - Business Mathematics (40 Marks))

Topics Subtopics
Ratio and Proportion, Indices and Logarithms Ratio and Proportion (Business Applications related to Ratio and Proportion) Laws of Indices, Exponents and Logarithms and AntiLogarithms.
Equations Simultaneous linear equations up to three variables, Quadratic and Cubic equations in one variable
Time value of Money
  1. Simple Interest
  2. Compound interest
  3. Depreciation
  4. Effective Rate of Interest
  5. Present Value
  6. Net Present Value
  7. Future Value
  8. Perpetuity
  9. Annuities
  10. Sinking Funds
  11. Valuation of Bonds
  12. Calculating of EMI
  13. Calculations of Returns:
  • a) Nominal Rate of Return
  • b) Effective Rate of Return
  • c) Compound Annual growth rate (CAGR)
Permutations and Combinations Basic concepts of Permutations and Combinations: Introduction, the Factorial, Permutations, results, Circular Permutations, Permutations with restrictions, Combinations with standard results.
Sequence and Series Introduction Sequences, Series, Arithmetic and Geometric progression, Relationship between AM and GM and Sum of n terms of special series
- Sets, Relations and Functions

Paper 3 - Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics (Part-B - Logical Reasoning (20 Marks))

Topics
  1. Number Series, Coding and Decoding and odd man out.
  2. Direction Tests
  3. Seating Arrangements
  4. Blood Relations

Paper 3 - Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics (Part-C - Statistics (40 Marks))

Topics Subtopics
Statistical description of Data Diagrammatic representation of data, Frequency distribution, Graphical representation of Frequency Distribution - Histogram, Frequency Polygon, Ogive, Pie-chart
Measures of Central tendency and Dispersion Mean Median, Mode, Mean Deviation, Quartiles and Quartile Deviation, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Coefficient of Quartile Deviation.
Probability Independent and dependent events; mutually exclusive events. Total and Compound Probability and Mathematical Expectation.
Binomial Distribution, Poisson distribution – Basic application and Normal Distribution – Basic applications Correlation and Regression: Scatter diagram, Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation Rank Correlation, Probable Error and Probable limits. Regression lines, Regression equations, Regression coefficients
Theoretical Distributions Binomial Distribution, Poisson distribution – Basic application and Normal Distribution - Basic applications
Index Numbers Uses of Index Numbers, Problems involved in the construction of Index Numbers, Methods of construction of Index Numbers

Paper 4 - Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge (Part-1 - Business Economics (60 Marks))

Topics Subtopics
Introduction to Business Economics
  1. Meaning and scope of Business Economics
  2. Basic Problems of an Economy and Role of Price Mechanism.
Theory of Demand and Supply
  1. Meaning and determinants of demand, Law of demand and Elasticity of demand - Price, income and cross elasticity
  2. Theory of consumer’s behaviour - Marshallian approach and Indifference curve approach
  3. Meaning and determinants of supply, Law of supply and Elasticity of supply.
  4. Demand Forecasting
Theory of Production and Cost
  1. Meaning and Factors of production
  2. Laws of Production - The Law of Variable proportions and Laws of Returns to Scale, Producer’s equilibrium
  3. Concepts of Costs - Short-run and long-run costs, Average and marginal costs, Total, fixed and variable costs.
Price Determination in Different Markets
  1. Various forms of markets - Perfect Competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly
  2. Price determination in these markets
Business Cycles
  1. Meaning
  2. Phases
  3. Features.
  4. Causes behind these Cycles.

Paper 4 - Business Economics and Business and Commercial Knowledge (Part-2 - Business and Commercial Knowledge (40 Marks))

Topics Subtopics
Business and Commercial Knowledge - An Introduction Nature of Business, Profession and Employment. Objectives of Business. Economic and Non-Economic Activities, Forms of Business Organizations.
Business Environment Micro and Macro Environment, Elements of Micro Environment – Consumers/Customers, Competitors, Organization, Market, suppliers, Intermediaries, Elements of Macro Environment - Demographic, Economic, Political-legal, Socio-cultural, Technological, Global Environment
Business Organizations Overview of selected Indian and Global Companies.
Government Policies for Business Growth Government Policies for Business Growth
Organizations Facilitating Business
  1. Indian Regulatory Bodies - RBI, SEBI, CCI, IRDAI
  2. Indian Development Banks - NABARD
Common Business Terminologies
  1. Finance and Stock & Commodity Markets Terminology.
  2. Marketing Terminology.
  3. Banking Terminology.
  4. Other Business Terminology

CA IPCC Subjects

Serial No. Subjects Marking scheme
1. Accounting 100 marks
2. Business Laws, Ethics and Communication
  • Part I. Business Laws [60 Marks]
  • Part II. Ethics [20 Marks]
  • Part III. Communication [20 Marks]
 100 marks
3. Cost Accounting and Financial Management
  • Part I. Cost Accounting [50 Marks]
  • Part II. Financial Management [50 Marks]
 100 marks
4. Taxation
  • Part I. Income Tax Law [50 Marks]
  • Part II. Indirect Tax Laws [50 Marks]
 100 marks
5. Advanced Accounting 100 marks
6. Auditing and Assurance 100 marks
7. Enterprise Information System & Strategic Management
  • Part I. Enterprise Information System [50 Marks]
  • Part II. Strategic Management [50 Marks]
 100 marks

You can opt for high-quality classes or online CA foundation classes for preparation after you are familiar with the syllabus for the CA entry →level examinations and intermediate examinations.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1. What is the age limit to appear for CA foundation exam?

Ans. There are no age limit restrictions for candidates however anyone can apply for the CA Foundation exam.

Q2. Is pursuing BCom necessary for CA?

Ans. Firstly, pursuing a BCom degree is not a prerequisite,yet one may begin the course after completing the 12th grade.

Q3. How many subjects are there in CA Foundation?

Ans. CA Foundation comprises 4 major subjects furthermore which are mandatory for candidates to clear to reach the second stage of the CA Exam.

Q4. Is there any negative marking for CA Foundation Exam?

Ans. Yes, there are negative markings on the CA Foundation test. One incorrect response subtracts one-fourth of a mark from the final grade. In addition to this it is adviced only to respond questions you are familiar with.

Q5. How many attempts are allowed for the CA Foundation?

Ans. Firstly, creating an account with the CA Foundation is the major step. Your registration is good for three years after you submit it. Moreover, candidates can submit applications for the May/November CA Foundation exam.Lastly, a maximum of six exams may be applied for and taken throughout a three-year period by candidates.

Q6. Are 12th marks important for CA?

Ans. No minimum grade or percentage is needed to take the CA Foundation Exams.Apart from that, you can only appear for the test if you pass your 10+2 exams.

Q7. Why knowing the syllabus for CA entrance exams is necessary?

Ans. Firstly,you get a general understanding of the subjects and topics you need to cover from knowing the syllabus in advance.

Secondly, you can allocate the time in accordance with the marks weightage of the topics.

Thirdly, being aware of the curriculum beforehand will help you identify your strongest subject areas.

Lastly, knowing the syllabus is as important as covering it on time and revising it again and again.

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