Bihar Board Commerce Exam Syllabus 2024-25

Bihar Board Class 12 Business Studies Syllabus

12

Consumer Protection

• Meaning and definitions
• The Indian partnership Act 1932
• Methods of capital accounts
  • Fixed Capital Method
  • Fluctuating Capital Method

• Outstanding expenses
• Prepaid expenses
• Income received in advance
• Income receivable
• Bad debts
• Provision for doubtful debts
• Reserve for a discount on debtors and creditors
• Depreciation
• Interest on capital, drawings, and loans
• Interest on investment and loans
• Goods destroyed by fire/ accident (insured/uninsured)
• Goods were stolen
• Goods distributed as free samples
• Goods withdrawn by partners
• Unrecorded purchases and sales
• Capital expenditure included in revenue expenses and vice-versa
• Bills Receivable dishonoured
• Bills payable dishonoured
• Deferred expenses
• Capital receipts included in revenue. Receipts and vice-versa
• Commission to working partner/ Managers based on Gross profit, Net profit, sales, etc.

• Meaning and different ways of reconstitution
• Admission of a partner
• Meaning and Need
• Capital brought by a new partner
• New profit sharing ratio
• Sacrifice ratio
• Goodwill – Meaning, Methods of valuation and treatment of goodwill.
  • Average profit method
  • Super profit method
  • Adjustment of accumulated profits and losses.
  • Revaluation of assets and liabilities
  • Adjustment of capitals
  • Retirement / Death of a partner
  • Meaning, need
  • New ratio
  • Gain ratio
  • Treatment of goodwill
  • Adjustment of accumulated profits and losses
  • Revaluation of assets and liabilities
  • Adjustment of capital
  • Amount due to retiring partner
  • Death of partner

• Simple dissolution,
• Dissolution under Insolvency situation

• Introduction, meaning, and features of Not for Profit concerns.
• Receipts and Payments Account meaning and features. The distinction between Income and Expenditure account.
• Preparation of Income and Expenditure Account and Balance Sheet with the following

• Outstanding expenses and prepaid expenses of the current and previous year
• Accrued income and income received in advance
• Subscription received in advance and Subscription outstanding of the current and previous year
• Depreciation
• The capitalization of entrance fees.
• Creation of special funds out of donations
• Stock of stationery
• Opening balances of assets and liabilities

• Introduction
  • Meaning of single entry system.
  • Difference between single entry and the double-entry system.
  • Preparation of statements

• Additional capital
  • Drawings
  • Depreciation on fixed Asset
  • Bad Debts
  • Reserve for Doubtful Debts
  • Undervaluation and Overvaluation of Assets and Liabilities
  • Interest on loan
  • Interest on capital
  • Interest on Drawings
  • Partners Salary
  • Outstanding / Unpaid expenses
  • Prepaid Expenses/ Expenses paid in advance.

• Introduction, necessity, Meaning, Definition of Bill of Exchange
• Draft/format of Bills, Parties to the Bill of Exchange, Acceptance of Bill, Terms of Bill, Days of Grace, Date of maturity, Due Date, Types of Bill
• Honouring of Bill, Dishonour of Bill, Noting and Protesting of Bill, Notary Public and Noting Charges

• Accounting Treatment of Bill by the Drawer/Holder and Drawee in following cases:
  • Retaining the Bill till due date. honour/dishonour, insolvency of the
  • drawee/ acceptor
  • Endorsement of the Bill, honour/dishonour and also insolvency of
  • acceptor
  • Discounting the Bill with the Bank honour/dishonour and insolvency.
  • Sending the Bill to the Bank for collection, honour/dishonour, and insolvency
  • Renewal of Bill-Reasons for Renewal of the Bill. Renewal of Bill with or
  • without charging interest.
  • Making a part payment of the basic amount, interest noting charges and
  • drawing of new Bill.
  • Honour/dishonour of New Bill
  • Insolvency of the acceptor and settlement of his account
  • Retirement of Bill
  • Journal Entries and Ledger

• Share and share capital, Meaning, Nature and Types.
• Accounting for Share Capital: Issue and Allotment of Equity Shares. Private placement of shares. Public subscription of shares. Oversubscription and Under subscription of shares. The issue at Par and premium, and at a discount, Calls in advance in arrears, Issue of shares for consideration other than cash.
• Accounting treatment of forfeiture and re-issue
• Disclosure of Share capital in the Company's Balance Sheet (Horizontal form)

• Debentures: Meaning the issue of debentures at par, at a premium and at a discount
• Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash. Interest on Debentures.

• Financial statement Analysis: meaning, objectives and limitations.
• Tools for financial statement Analysis of comparative statements, common-size statements, cash flow analysis, and Ratio analysis.
• Accounting Ratios: Meaning of objectives and classification of Ratios.
• Introductions to current ratio, liquid ratio, Gross profit ratio, operating profit ratio, and Net profit ratio. ROI, ROCI