The Evolution of India's Scorpene Submarine Force: India's submarine force has undergone significant transformations over the years, with the introduction of the Scorpene-class submarines marking a pivotal point in its maritime capabilities. The Scorpene submarines, developed by the French shipbuilder Naval Group (formerly DCNS), represent a significant leap in technology and strategic prowess for the Indian Navy. This article delves into the evolution of India's Scorpene submarine force, highlighting the stages of development, capabilities, and strategic implications for India's maritime security.
Milestone | Description |
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2005 | India and France sign the $3.75 billion contract for six Scorpene-class submarines under Project 75. |
2009 | Construction of the first Scorpene submarine, INS Kalvari, begins at Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL). |
2015 | INS Kalvari is launched, marking a significant milestone in the project. |
2017 | INS Kalvari is commissioned into the Indian Navy, marking the induction of the first Scorpene-class submarine. |
2019 | INS Khanderi, the second Scorpene-class submarine, is commissioned. |
2020 | INS Karanj, the third submarine in the class, is commissioned. |
2021 | INS Vela, the fourth Scorpene-class submarine, is commissioned. |
2023 | INS Vagir, the fifth Scorpene-class submarine, is commissioned. |
2024 (expected) | INS Vagsheer, the sixth and final Scorpene-class submarine, is expected to be commissioned, completing the Project 75 initiative. |
Stealth and Endurance
Firepower and Armament
Sensor Suite
Crew Comfort and Automation