Full Form of EMTL, Overview, Types, Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines

A Brief Overview of Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines

Transmission Line Types

• Overhead Power Lines - An overhead power line is a structure used in electric power transmission and distribution to transport electrical energy over long distances.
• Subtransmission Lines - Subtransmission lines carry voltages that are lower than those carried by the main transmission line system. In conclusion, this power is typically sent to regional distribution substations at voltages ranging from 34.5 kV to 69 kV.
• Underground Transmission Lines - are electrical/ telecommunications cables that are installed under the ground. The term underground transmission lines are typically used to differentiate overhead cabling and underground cabling.
• Short Transmission Line- A short transmission line is one that has a length of fewer than 80 kilometres (50 miles). Voltage level less than 69 kV. The capacitance effect is insignificant. Moreover, the capacitance is ignored in the calculation because only resistance and inductance are considered.
• Medium Transmission Line- A medium transmission line is one that has a length of more than 80 km (50 miles) but less than 250 km (150 miles). The operational voltage ranges from 69 kV to approximately 133 kV. There is a capacitance effect. Therefore, for calculation purposes, the distributed capacitance form is used.
• Long Transmission Line- A transmission line with a length of more than 250 kilometres is considered long (150 miles). The voltage level is greater than 133 kV. Line constants are thought to be distributed along the length of the line.

Types of Electromagnetic Waves

• Radio waves- are basically electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths. 
• Infrared rays - Infrared (IR), also known as infrared light, is a type of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with wavelengths that are longer than visible light but shorter than radio waves. As a result, it is invisible to the naked eye.
• Visible light - Light or "visible light" refers to the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, which is the range of wavelengths that cause humans to perceive brightness and colour.
• Ultraviolet (UV) radiation- is a type of non-ionizing radiation emitted by the sun and artificial sources such as tanning beds.
• X-rays- are produced when electrons are accelerated by a potential difference and converted into electromagnetic radiation.
• Gamma rays- have the shortest wavelengths and the highest energy levels of any wave in the electromagnetic spectrum.