Venous Blood Supply to Heart, Anatomy and Circulation of the Heart
All the venous blood from the heart arrives at the coronary sinus which is located in the atrioventricular groove. The coronary sinus is the biggest cardiac vein, and it empties directly into the right atrium at the conjunction of the coronary and the interventricular grooves.
Nivedita Dar8 Oct, 2024
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Venous drainage of Heart: Drainage of venous blood of the heart vasculature - Your heart is an amazing organ. It continuously pumps oxygen and nutrient-rich blood throughout your body to sustain life. As the heart beats, it pumps blood through a system of blood vessels, called the circulatory system. The vessels are elastic tubes that carry blood to every part of the body.
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Structure of Heart
On the inside, the heart is a four-chambered, hollow organ. It is divided into the left and right side by a wall called the septum. The right and left sides of the heart are further divided into two top chambers called the atria, which receive blood from the veins, and two bottom chambers called ventricles, which pump blood into the arteries. Veins are blood vessels that take blood back to the heart; this blood lacks oxygen (oxygen-poor) and is rich in waste products that are to be excreted or removed from the body. Veins become larger and larger as they get closer to the heart. The superior vena cava is the large vein that brings blood from the head and arms to the heart, and the inferior vena cava brings blood from the abdomen and legs into the heart.Read More - Radiodiagnosis
Venous drainage of heart
The venous drainage of the heart is mostly through the coronary sinus – a large dilated sac like structure containing venous blood located on the posterior aspect of the heart. The cardiac veins drain into the coronary sinus, which in turn, empties into the right atrium. There are also smaller cardiac veins which pass directly into the right atrium. The main tributaries of the coronary sinus are: Great cardiac vein (anterior interventricular vein) – the largest tributary of the coronary sinus. It originates at the apex of the heart and ascends in the anterior interventricular groove. It then curves to the left and continues onto the posterior surface of the heart. Here, it gradually enlarges to form the coronary sinus. Small cardiac vein – located on the anterior surface of the heart, in a groove between the right atrium and right ventricle. It travels within this groove onto the posterior surface of the heart, where it empties intoxication the coronary sinus. Middle cardiac vein (posterior interventricular vein) – begins at the apex of the heart and ascends in the posterior interventricular groove to empty into the coronary sinus. Posterior cardiac vein – located on the posterior surface of the left ventricle. It lies to the left of the middle cardiac vein and empties into the coronary sinus. Clinical Significance of Coronary Sinus - Due to its special anatomic relation, the coronary sinus provides a vital role in cardiac resynchronization therapy ( synchronization of all the four chambers for effective filling after a arrhythmia). A biventricular pacemaker is a device commonly used to treat a delay in ventricular contractions in those with advanced heart failure. To pace the right ventricle one lead of the pacemaker is placed in the anterior cardiac vein, while the left lead is commonly placed in the coronary sinus to pace the left ventricle.Venous Blood Supply to Heart FAQs
What is Myocardial Infarction?
Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart muscle is blocked for an extended period. This blockage is typically due to a blood clot that forms in a coronary artery due to atherosclerosis (plaque buildup).
What is Atherosclerosis of Coronary Vasculature?
Atherosclerosis of the coronary vasculature refers to the buildup of fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances (plaque) on the inner walls of the coronary arteries. These arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. Over time, this plaque can harden and narrow the arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart.
What is Oxygen Content in the Coronary Sinus of the Heart?
The oxygen content in the coronary sinus is typically lower than in arterial blood because the heart muscle extracts a significant amount of oxygen as it works. The oxygen content in the coronary sinus is an important measure in assessing the oxygen demand and consumption of the heart muscle.
What is the Name of the Valve in the Coronary Sinus?
The valve of the coronary sinus is called the Thebesian valve. This small, flap-like valve is located at the orifice where the coronary sinus empties into the right atrium. Its function is not entirely clear, but it is thought to prevent the backflow of blood from the right atrium into the coronary sinus during atrial contraction.
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