CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26: Download All Subject-Wise PDFs Here
Neha Tanna16 Dec, 2025
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CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025-26: The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) conducts Class 12 board exams. These exams are a crucial milestone for students. The CBSE Class 12 Syllabus is a vital part of exam preparation. It details all topics students must study for the upcoming board examinations.
The CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 provides a clear structure for academic learning. It lists all chapters and units for various subjects. This includes science, commerce, and arts streams. Key updates for this year involve new skill subjects and a 9-point grading system. Students should review the latest syllabus for Class 12 CBSE 2025-26 to understand the changes.
New Syllabus of Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
The new CBSE Class 12 syllabus for 2025-26 introduces four skill-based elective subjects: Land Transportation Associate, Electronics and Hardware, Physical Activity Trainer, and Design Thinking and Innovation. Exams will follow an annual format starting February 17, 2026, with increased focus on MCQs up to 50% in some subjects and a 9-point grading system. Competency-based questions now prioritize practical learning, critical thinking, and problem-solving, while basic calculators are permitted in Accountancy.
Syllabus of Class 12 CBSE 2025-26 PDF Download Subject Wise
Students should complete the CBSE Class 12 syllabus as early as possible to ensure effective preparation for the final exams. Understanding the CBSE Class 12 syllabus is crucial, as it outlines chapters, subtopics, and the grading scheme for each subject. For more details, you can check the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2025 PDF linked below.
CBSE Class 12 Subject-Wise Syllabus
The CBSE Class 12 subject-wise syllabus provides a clear outline of chapters, topics, and weightage for each subject. It helps students plan their studies effectively and prepare according to the latest board exam guidelines.
Reduced Syllabus of Class 12 CBSE
CBSE continues the 30% syllabus reduction from prior years into 2025-26, deleting chapters across subjects like Chemistry (reduced from 16 to 10 chapters) and others in Physics, Biology, Maths, and Humanities. This allows more time for revision and core topics, with deleted portions listed subject-wise on official resources to help students focus efficiently. Nearly all subjects have reductions, aiding stress reduction and better preparation for board exams
English Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 English syllabus 2025–26 is divided into three main sections – Reading Skills, Creative Writing Skills, and Literature, along with internal assessment. The detailed marks distribution is given below:
| English Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26 | |||
| Section | Content / Skills | Details | Marks |
| A. Reading Skills | Comprehension through unseen passages | - One factual/descriptive/literary passage- One case-based passage with charts or data- Word limit: 700–750 words- MCQs, short answer questions (40–50 words) | 22 |
| B. Creative Writing Skills | Notice, Invitations, Letters, Articles, Reports | - Notice (50 words)- Formal/Informal Invitation & Reply (50 words)- Letters based on verbal/visual input (120–150 words)- Article / Report writing (120–150 words)- Assessment based on format, content, grammar & spelling | 18 |
| C. Literature Textbook & Supplementary | Flamingo (Prose & Poetry) & Vistas | - Poetry and Prose extracts for comprehension, analysis, and evaluation- Short answer questions (40–50 words)- Long answer questions (120–150 words)- Assessment includes interpretation, analytical & evaluative responses | 40 |
| Internal Assessment | Listening & Speaking Skills, Project Work | - Listening & Speaking Skills: 10 marks (5+5)- Project Work: 10 marks | 20 |
| Total | – | Theory + Internal Assessment | 100 |
Maths Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
The Maths Syllabus Class 12 CBSE outlines unit-wise topics and marks distribution, helping students focus on high-weightage areas for effective board exam preparation.
| Maths Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26 | ||
| No. | Units | Marks |
| I. | Relations and Functions | 8 |
| II. | Algebra | 10 |
| III. | Calculus | 35 |
| IV. | Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry | 14 |
| V. | Linear Programming | 5 |
| VI. | Probability | 8 |
| Total | 80 | |
| Internal Assessment | 20 | |
Physics Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
The Physics Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025–26 details unit-wise topics, practical components, and marks distribution to help students prepare strategically for board exams.
| Physics Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26 | |||||
| Unit Name | Chapter Name | Marks | |||
| Electrostatics | Electric Charges and Fields | 16 | |||
| Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance | |||||
| Current Electricity | Current Electricity | ||||
| Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism | Moving Charges and Magnetism | 17 | |||
| Magnetism and Matter | |||||
| Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents | Electromagnetic Induction | ||||
| Alternating currents | |||||
| Electromagnetic Waves | Electromagnetic Waves | 18 | |||
| Optics | Ray Optics and Optical Instruments | ||||
| Wave Optics | |||||
| Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter | 12 | |||
| Atoms and Nuclei | Atoms | ||||
| Nuclei | |||||
| Electronic Devices | Semiconductor -Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits | 7 | |||
| Total 70 | |||||
Chemistry Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Chemistry syllabus for 2025–26 is structured into nine theory units and a 30-mark practical/internal assessment, covering Physical, Inorganic, and Organic Chemistry. The table below shows unit-wise marks distribution and practical evaluation components.
| CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Chemistry | |
| Unit | Marks |
| Solutions | 7 |
| Electrochemistry | 9 |
| Haloalkanes and Haloarenes | 6 |
| Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers | 6 |
| Biomolecules | 7 |
| Chemical Kinetics | 7 |
| d-and f-Block Elements | 7 |
| Coordination Compounds | 7 |
| Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids | 8 |
| Amines | 6 |
| Total | 70 |
Biology Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus for 2025–26 is structured into five theory units (70 marks) and a 30-mark practical/internal component, covering key areas from Reproduction to Ecology. The detailed breakdown of units, marks, and evaluation structure is given below:
|
CBSE Class 12 syllabus 205-26 for Biology |
|
| Topics | Marks |
| Reproduction | 16 |
| Genetics and Evolution | 20 |
| Biology and Human Welfare | 12 |
| Biotechnology and Its Applications | 12 |
| Ecology and Environment | 10 |
| Total | 70 |
Biotechnology Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Biotechnology syllabus for 2025–26 allocates 70 marks to theory and 30 marks to practical/internal assessment, focusing on competencies in protein engineering, genetic manipulation, and laboratory skills. Below is the unit-wise breakdown of marks, chapters, and evaluation components.
|
CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Biotechnology |
|
| Units | Marks |
| Protein and Gene Manipulation | 40 |
| Cell Culture and Genetic Manipulation | 30 |
| Practicals | 30 |
| Total | 100 |
Business Studies Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Business Studies syllabus for 2025–26 is divided into two theory sections Part A: Principles & Functions of Management (50 marks) and Part B: Business Finance & Marketing (30 marks) along with a 20-mark project component. The table below provides the full unit-wise marks distribution and assessment structure.
|
CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Business Studies |
||
| Units | Chapters | Marks |
| Part A | Principles and Functions of Management | |
| Nature and Significance of Management | 16 | |
| Principles of Management | ||
| Business Environment | ||
| Planning | 14 | |
| Organising | ||
| Staffing | 20 | |
| Directing | ||
| Controlling | ||
| Business Finance and Marketing | ||
| Part B | Business Finance and Marketing | |
| Financial Management | 15 | |
| Financial Markets | ||
| Marketing Management | 15 | |
| Consumer Protection | ||
| Part C | Project Work | 20 |
Accountancy Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Accountancy syllabus for 2025–26 is structured into three parts: Part A (Partnership & Company Accounts), Part B (Financial Statement Analysis or Computerised Accounting), and Part C (Project Work/Practical) totaling 100 marks. Below is a detailed breakdown of unit-wise marks distribution and assessment format.
| CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Accountancy | |
| Units | |
| Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms and Companies | |
| Accounting for Partnership Firms | 36 |
| Accounting for Companies | 24 |
| Part B: Financial Statement Analysis | |
| Analysis of Financial Statements | 12 |
| Cash Flow Statement | 8 |
| Project Work | 20 |
Political Science Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Political Science syllabus for 2025-26 is divided into two theory parts: Contemporary World Politics and Politics in India Since Independence each worth 40 marks, plus a 20-mark project component. The table below outlines the full unit-wise breakdown and assessment structure.
| CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Political Science | |
| Units | Marks |
| Part A: Contemporary World Politics | |
| The End of Bipolarity | 8 |
| Contemporary Centres of Power | 12 |
| Contemporary South Asia | |
| International Organizations | 10 |
| Security in the Contemporary World | |
| Environment and Natural Resources | 10 |
| Globalization | |
| Part B: Politics in India Since Independence | |
| Challenges of Nation-Building | 10 |
| Era of One-Party Dominance | |
| Politics of Planned Development | |
| India’s External Relationship | 8 |
| Challenges to the restoration of the Congress system | 12 |
| The Crisis of Democratic Order | |
| Regional Aspirations | 12 |
| Recent Development in Indian Politics: | |
| Total | 80 |
Economics Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Economics syllabus for 2025–26 is divided into two theory sections, Introductory Macroeconomics and Indian Economic Development each carrying 40 marks, along with a 20-mark project component. The table below presents the full breakdown of units, chapter-wise weightage, and assessment distribution.
| CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Economics | |
| Part 1: Introductory Macroeconomics | |
| National Income and Related Aggregates | 10 |
| Money and Banking | 6 |
| Determination of Income and Employment | 12 |
| Government Budget and the Economy | 6 |
| Balance of Payments | 6 |
| Part B: Indian Economic Development | |
| Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991 | 12 |
| Current Challenges facing the Indian Economy | 20 |
| Development Experience of India – A Comparison with Neighbours | 8 |
| Theory Paper | 80 |
Computer Science Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Computer Science syllabus for 2025–26 allocates 70 marks to theory across three main units and 30 marks to practical/internal assessment, making a total of 100 marks. Below is a detailed breakdown of unit-wise theory weightage and the structure of practical evaluation.
| CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Computer Science | |
| Unit Name | Marks |
| Computational Thinking and Programming - 1 | 40 |
| Computer Networks | 10 |
| Database Management | 20 |
| Practical | 30 |
Sociology Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Sociology syllabus 2025–26 is structured into core units covering Indian society, social change, and development, along with project and viva-based internal assessment. Below is the unit-wise marks distribution and assessment format for theory and internal components.
|
CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Sociology |
|
|
Units |
Marks |
|
The Demographic Structure of the Indian society |
10 |
|
Social Institutions: Continuity and Change |
10 |
|
Patterns of Social Inequality and Exclusion |
10 |
|
The Challenges of Cultural Diversity |
10 |
|
Structural Change |
5 |
|
Cultural Change |
5 |
|
Change and Development in Rural Society |
10 |
|
Change and Development in Industrial Society |
10 |
|
Social Movements |
10 |
|
Project |
20 |
|
Total |
100 |
Psychology Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Psychology syllabus for 2025–26 comprises seven theory units and a 30-mark internal/practical component, totaling 100 marks. The table below presents the unit-wise weightage for both theory and practical assessments.
|
CBSE Class 12 syllabus 2025-26 for Psychology |
|
| Units | Marks |
| Variations in Psychological Attributes | 13 |
| Self and Personality | 13 |
| Meeting Life Challenges | 9 |
| Psychological Disorders | 12 |
| Therapeutic Approaches | 9 |
| Attitude and Social Cognition | 8 |
| Social Influence and Group Processes | 6 |
| Practical | 30 |
| Total | 100 |
Hindi Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26 (Core Syllabus)
CBSE Class 12 Hindi Core Syllabus 2025-26 focuses on developing reading, writing, comprehension, and literary appreciation skills. It includes prose, poetry, grammar, and creative writing sections for a complete understanding of the language. Below is the detailed syllabus in table form.
|
Hindi Syllabus Class 12 CBSE 2025-26 (Core Syllabus) |
||
|
खंड |
विवरण |
अंक |
|
खंड-क (अवगति बोध) |
18 |
|
|
1 |
01 अपठित गद्यांश (लगभग 250 शब्द) – बहुविकल्पीय एवं लघु उत्तरात्मक प्रश्न |
10 |
|
2 |
01 अपठित पद्यांश (लगभग 100 शब्द) – लघु उत्तरात्मक प्रश्न |
08 |
|
खंड-ख (अभिव्यक्ति एवं माध्यम) |
22 |
|
|
3 |
निबंध/आलेख/पत्र लेखन (लगभग 120 शब्द) |
06 |
|
4 |
पाठ संख्या 3, 4, 5, 11, 12 और 13 पर आधारित लघु एवं दीर्घ उत्तरात्मक प्रश्न |
16 |
|
खंड-ग (आरोह भाग-2 एवं वितान भाग-2) |
40 |
|
|
5 |
कविताओं पर आधारित 05 बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न |
05 |
|
6 |
कविता खंड: 03 में से किसी 02 प्रश्नों के उत्तर (लगभग 60 शब्द) |
06 |
|
7 |
कविता खंड: 03 में से किसी 02 प्रश्नों के उत्तर (लगभग 40 शब्द) |
04 |
|
8 |
अपठित गद्यांश पर आधारित 05 बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्न |
05 |
|
9 |
गद्य खंड: 03 में से किसी 02 प्रश्नों के उत्तर (लगभग 60 शब्द) |
06 |
|
10 |
गद्य खंड: 03 में से किसी 02 प्रश्नों के उत्तर (लगभग 40 शब्द) |
04 |
|
11 |
वितान पाठ: 03 में से किसी 02 प्रश्नों के उत्तर (लगभग 100 शब्द) |
10 |
|
अन्य गतिविधियाँ |
(A) श्रवण वाचन, (B) परियोजना कार्य |
20 |
|
कुल अंक |
100 |
|
Prescribed Textbooks (अनिवार्य पुस्तकें)
-
आरोह भाग – 2
-
वितान भाग – 2
-
अभिव्यक्ति और माध्यम