The CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 is designed by the Central Board of Secondary Education to build strong conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills. It covers core topics required for board exams and competitive exams like JEE and NEET.
The syllabus is structured into 9 units and 14 chapters, focusing on theory, numericals, and practical applications. It promotes analytical thinking, real-life application, and conceptual clarity.
CBSE Class 12 Physics
The Class 12 Physics curriculum is set by CBSE and is based on NCERT textbooks. It includes topics from electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics. The syllabus helps students understand physical laws and their real-world applications.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 Overview
The CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 is divided into theory and practical components. Both parts are important for scoring well in exams.
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Theory: 70 marks
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Practical: 30 marks
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Total: 100 marks
The theory exam duration is 3 hours. The syllabus covers 9 units and 14 chapters.
Updated CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus PDF Download
Download the latest CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026–27 PDF to access official topics, unit-wise breakdown, and exam structure in one place. It helps in structured revision and smart preparation.
Download CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 PDF
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus Units & Weightage
The CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus is divided into unit-wise weightage to help students understand the importance of each section. This distribution allows better planning and focus on high-scoring units during exam preparation.
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Unit |
Chapters |
Marks |
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Unit I: Electrostatics |
Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance |
16 |
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Unit II: Current Electricity |
Chapter 3: Current Electricity |
|
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Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism |
Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter |
17 |
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Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents |
Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction Chapter 7: Alternating Current |
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Unit V: Electromagnetic Waves |
Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves |
18 |
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Unit VI: Optics |
Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Chapter 10: Wave Optics |
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Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter |
Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter |
12 |
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Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei |
Chapter 12: Atoms Chapter 13: Nuclei |
|
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Unit IX: Electronic Devices |
Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits |
7 |
|
Total |
70 Marks |
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CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 Units
The physics syllabus class 12 2025-26 is divided into the following units with detailed chapters and topics:
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CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 |
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Unit |
Chapter No. & Name |
Topics Covered |
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Unit I: Electrostatics |
Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields |
Electric charges, conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law, superposition principle, electric field, field lines, electric dipole, torque on dipole, electric flux, Gauss’s theorem and its applications (line charge, plane sheet, spherical shell) |
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Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance |
Electric potential, potential difference, potential due to point charge/dipole/system, equipotential surfaces, potential energy, conductors & insulators, dielectrics, capacitors, combinations, parallel plate capacitor, energy stored in capacitor |
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Unit II: Current Electricity |
Chapter 3: Current Electricity |
Electric current, drift velocity, mobility, Ohm’s law, V-I characteristics, electrical energy and power, resistivity & conductivity, temperature dependence, internal resistance, EMF, cells combination, Kirchhoff’s rules, Wheatstone bridge |
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Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism |
Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism |
Magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment, Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, force on moving charge and conductor, force between parallel conductors, torque on current loop, magnetic dipole, moving coil galvanometer |
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Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter |
Bar magnet, magnetic field lines, magnetic dipole (qualitative), magnetic properties (dia, para, ferro), magnetisation, effect of temperature |
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Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current |
Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction |
Electromagnetic induction, Faraday’s laws, induced EMF, Lenz’s law, self and mutual induction |
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Chapter 7: Alternating Current |
AC, peak & RMS values, reactance, impedance, LCR circuit, resonance, power factor, wattless current, AC generator, transformer |
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Unit V: Electromagnetic Waves |
Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves |
Displacement current (basic idea), electromagnetic waves, characteristics, transverse nature, electromagnetic spectrum and uses |
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Unit VI: Optics |
Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments |
Reflection, refraction, spherical mirrors, lenses, total internal reflection, optical fibers, prism, magnification, power of lens, microscopes and telescopes |
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Chapter 10: Wave Optics |
Wavefront, Huygens’ principle, reflection/refraction using wave theory, interference (YDSE), coherent sources, diffraction (single slit qualitative) |
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Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter |
Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter |
Photoelectric effect, Hertz & Lenard observations, Einstein’s equation, particle nature of light, matter waves, de Broglie relation |
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Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei |
Chapter 12: Atoms |
Rutherford model, Bohr model, radius, velocity, energy of electron, hydrogen spectrum |
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Chapter 13: Nuclei |
Nuclear composition, nuclear force, mass-energy relation, mass defect, binding energy, nuclear fission and fusion |
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Unit IX: Electronic Devices |
Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits |
Energy bands, intrinsic & extrinsic semiconductors, p-n junction, diode characteristics, diode as rectifier |
The physics class 12 syllabus 2026-27 is designed to build both conceptual understanding and practical knowledge.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical Syllabus (30 Marks)
The practical part of the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 includes experiments, activities, and viva.
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Two experiments: 16 marks
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Practical record: 7 marks
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Viva voce: 7 marks
Experiments are based on electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics. Students must perform them carefully and maintain proper records.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Exam Pattern
The question paper is designed to test different skills:
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40%: Basic understanding and concepts
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30%: Application and numericals
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30%: Analysis and reasoning
The class 12 physics syllabus 2026-27 focuses on both theory and problem-solving skills.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Important Chapters
There are 14 chapters in total. Some key chapters include:
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Electric Charges and Fields
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Current Electricity
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Magnetism and Matter
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Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
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Wave Optics
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Atoms and Nuclei
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Semiconductor Electronics
Students should give extra attention to high-weightage chapters like Optics and Electrostatics.
The new CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2026-27 is well-structured and student-friendly. It covers all important topics needed for exams and future studies. With proper planning and regular practice, students can score high marks. Focus on concepts, practice regularly, and revise properly to achieve success.
CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus FAQs
What is the total Class 12 Physics marks distribution?
How many units are there?
Which units are important for CBSE Class 12 Physics?
Is NCERT enough for Class 12 Physics?
Are practicals important for CBSE Class 12 Physics?
