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CBSE Class 12 Political Science Syllabus 2023-24 Syllabus
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Chapter No. and Name
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Learning outcome with specific competencies
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PART A-CONTEMPORARY WORLD POLITICS
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1 The End of Bipolarity
Topics to be focused on:
a) The Soviet System
b) Gorbachev and the disintegration
c) Causes and Consequences of the disintegration of the Soviet Union
d) Shock Therapy and its Consequences
e) New entities in world politics Russia Balkan States Central Asian States
f) India’s relations with Russia and other post-communist countries
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Identify the basic features of the Soviet System.
Discuss the background and outcome of the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
Examine the consequences of the unipolar world
Assess the features of Shock Therapy
Probe into the recent happenings in the Post-Communist Countries.
Trace the developments between India & Russia
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2 Contemporary Centres of Power
Topics to be focused on:
a) European Union
b) Association of Southeast Asian Nations
c) Rise of China as an economic power
d) Japan and South Korea as emerging powers)
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Compare and contrast the importance of the European Union and ASEAN.
Evaluate the extent of the rise of the Chinese economy and its impact on world politics.
Summarize India’s relations with China.
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3 Contemporary South Asia
Topics to be focused on:
a) Military and Democracy in Pakistan and Bangladesh
b) Monarchy and Democracy in Nepal
c) Ethnic Conflict and Democracy in Sri Lanka
d) India-Pakistan Conflicts
e) India and its Neighbours
f) Peace and Cooperation
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Identify & locate the seven countries of the South Asian region.
Appreciate the mixed record of democracy in the South Asian region.
Examine the role of Political leaders
Reflect upon the causes of various conflicts and movements in this region.
Justify the creation of SAARC
Understand the involvement of the US and China in South Asia.
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4 International Organizations
Topics to be focused on:
a) Meaning and importance of International Organisations
b) Evolution of the UN
c) Structure and function of International Organisations
d) Principal Organs of UN
e) Reform of the UN after the Cold War
f) Reform of Structures, Processes and Jurisdiction of the UN
g) India and the UN Reforms h) Key Agencies: IMF, World Bank, WTO, ILO, IAEA.
i) NGO: Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch.
j) Implications and Future of International Organizations
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Define International Organization
Appreciate the role of the United Nations and its agencies
Reflect on the events taking place in the post-cold War era
Understand the need for reforms in the United Nations
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5 Security in the Contemporary World
Topics to be focused on:
a) Meaning and Type of Security.
b) Traditional concept of security
c) Non-tradition notions of Security.
d) New Sources of Threats
e) Cooperative Security
f) India’s Security strategy
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Recognize the causes of security threats
Enhance analytical skills to provide solutions to security concerns.
Develop critical thinking about the role of various stakeholders in ensuring security today.
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6 Environment and Natural Resources
Topics to be focused on:
a) Environmental Concerns
b) Global Commons
c) Common but differentiated Responsibilities
d) India’s Stand on Environmental Issues
e) Environmental Movements
f) Resource Geopolitics
g) Rights of Indigenous peoples
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Enlist and explain the facts related to global environmental issues
Recognize and understand the need to conserve critical resources
Demonstrate knowledge and appreciation towards
India’s responsibility in protecting the environment
Realize the need to conserve resources and exhibit responsibility towards prudential use to facilitate sustainable development
Know about the nature of concerns of indigenous communities and understand how the governments of different countries respond to their plea
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7 Globalisation
Topics to be focused on:
a) Concept of globalisation
b) Causes and Consequences of globalisation
c) India and globalisation
d) Resistance to globalisation
e) India and resistance to globalisation
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Appreciate the significance of Globalization
Elucidate the political, economic, and cultural dimensions of Globalisation.
Critically evaluate the impact of globalisation on India.
Draw attention to resistance movements to Globalisation and envisage its future trends.
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PART B-POLITICS IN INDIA SINCE INDEPENDENCE
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1 Challenge of Nation Building
Topics to be focused on:
a) Challenges for the new Nation.
Three Challenges.
b) Partition: Displacement and Rehabilitation.
Consequences of Partition.
c) Integration of Princely States.
The problem
Government’s approach
Hyderabad
Manipur
d) Reorganisation of States.
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Analyse the challenges which Independent India faced.
Describe the factors that led to the partition of India.
Explain the circumstances under which different princely states signed the Instrument of Accession.
Assess how language became the basis of the reorganisation of the states.
Evaluate the role played by leaders in nation-building.
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2 Era of One-Party Dominance
Topics to be focussed:
a) Challenge of building democracy.
b) Congress dominance in the first three general elections.
Nature of Congress dominance
Congress as a social and ideological coalition.
Tolerance and management of Factions
c) Emergence of opposition parties
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Appreciate the sustenance of democratic politics in the country.
Evaluate the electoral politics post-Independence
Assess the dominance of the Indian National Congress from 1952 to 1967.
Evaluate the role of Opposition parties
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3 Politics of Planned Development
Topics to be focussed:
a) Political contestation.
Ideas of Development.
Planning
Planning Commission
b) The Early Initiatives
The First Five-Year Plan.
Rapid Industrialisation
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Identify the varied options considered by the government to balance growth and socio-economic justice.
Know the difference between Left and Right Ideology
Understand the need for the formation of the Planning Commission.
Appreciate the need for strategic long-term development programmes and policies
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4 India’s External Relations
Topics to be focussed:
a) International Context
b) The Policy of Non-Alignment.
Nehru’s role
Distance from two camps.
Afro Asian Unity
c) Peace and conflict with China
The Chinese Invasion 1962
War and Peace with Pakistan
Bangladesh War 1971
d) India’s Nuclear Policy.
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Recognise the significance of NAM
Interpret, compare and contrast multi-lateral aspects of the Indo-China relationship
Demonstrate knowledge of Indo-Pak wars
Appreciate the steps taken by the Indian government to develop military capacity
Reflect and introspect on the choices that the country must consider for the cause of development and peacebuilding
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5 Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System
Topics to be focused on:
a) Challenge of Political Succession
From Nehru to Shastri
From Shastri to Indira Gandhi
b) Fourth General Election 1967
Context of the Election.
Non-Congress
Electoral Verdict
Coalitions
Defections
c) Split in the Congress
Indira vs the Syndicate
Presidential Election 1969
d) The 1971 Election and Restoration of Congress
The outcome and after Restoration?
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Understand the challenges of political succession after Nehru.
Evaluate the opposition unity and the Congress split as a challenge to Congress dominance.
Compare and contrast the new Congress and the old Congress.
Summarise the initiatives taken by Indira Gandhi to overcome the challenges faced by her
Analyse the process of restoration of the Congress system
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6 The Crisis of Democratic Order
Topics to be focused on:
a) Background to Emergency.
Economic Context.
Gujarat and Bihar Movements
Conflict with Judiciary
b) Declaration of Emergency
Crisis and Response Consequences
c) Lessons of the Emergency.
d)Politics after the Emergency.
Lok Sabha Elections 1977
Janata Government
Legacy
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Understand the causes and consequences of an Emergency
Examine the lessons of Emergency
Evaluate the rule of the Janata Government
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7 Regional Aspirations
Topics to be focused on:
a) Region and the Nation Indian Approach
Areas of Tension
Jammu and Kashmir
Roots of the Problem
External and Internal disputes
Politics since 1948
Insurgency and After 2022 and Beyond
b) Punjab
Political Context
Cycle of Violence
Road to Peace
c) The Northeast
Demand for autonomy
Secessionist Movements
Movements against outsiders
Assam and National Integration
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Discuss the implications of regional demands.
Analyse the importance of integrity in India.
Appreciate the initiatives taken by the government in dealing with regional aspirations
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8 Recent Developments in Indian Politics
Topics to be focused
a) Context of the 1990s
b) Era of Coalition Alliance Politics
c) Political rise if the Backward Classes Mandal Implemented Political Fallouts
d) Communalism, Secularism and Democracy.
Ayodhya Dispute Demolition and after
e) Emergence of New Consensus
f) Lok Sabha Elections 2004
g) Growing Consensus
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Understand momentous changes taking place in the nation since 1989
Trace the rise and growth of the BJP.
Identify the areas of a growing consensus
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