CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6:
CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth, explains the various natural features on Earth's surface. It covers landforms such as mountains, plateaus, and plains. Mountains are elevated landforms with steep slopes, while plateaus are flat-topped elevated regions.
Plains are vast stretches of flat or gently sloping land, often fertile and suitable for agriculture. The chapter discusses how these landforms are formed due to processes like volcanic activity, erosion, and sedimentation. It also explains the significance of each landform in terms of human settlement, agriculture, and natural resources.
CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6 Overview
CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth is important for students as it provides foundational knowledge about Earth's physical features. Understanding major landforms like mountains, plateaus, and plains helps students grasp the dynamic processes shaping the Earth's surface. The chapter introduces key concepts such as erosion, weathering, and volcanic activity, which are essential for understanding natural phenomena. It also emphasizes the significance of these landforms in human life, including their impact on agriculture, settlement, and resource availability.
By studying this chapter, students gain an appreciation for how landforms influence ecosystems, climate, and human development. This knowledge helps foster environmental awareness and prepares students for more advanced topics in geography, including natural resource management, environmental sustainability, and the geographical distribution of populations.
CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6 PDF
Here we have provided CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth pdf for the ease of the students so that they can use this pdf offline.
CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6 PDF
CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth
Below is the CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6 Major Landforms of the Earth -
There are countless types of landforms on Earth. Two mechanisms led to the formation of these landforms. There is a constant movement occurring within the earth. The earth's surface rises and falls in various locations as a result of the first, internal process.
The ongoing deterioration and reconstruction of the land surface is the second process, sometimes known as the external process. Erosion is the process by which the surface of the earth erodes. The erosion process lowers the surface, while the deposition process rebuilds it. The flowing water, ice, and wind are responsible for these two processes.
Mountains
Any naturally occurring height on Earth is referred to as a mountain. It could have a wide base and a little top. It is much higher than the terrain around it. There are mountains that rise above the clouds. As we ascend, the climate gets progressively cooler.
There are rivers of ice that are always frozen in some elevations. We refer to them as glaciers. Some mountains can be found submerged in the ocean. There are fewer people living in the mountainous regions due to the severe weather. There is little ground available for agricultural due to the high slopes.
Fold mountains, block mountains, and volcanic mountains are the three different kinds of mountains. Young fold mountains with rough relief and tall conical peaks are the Himalayan Mountains and the Alps. One of the world's oldest fold mountain systems is the Aravali range in India. Low elevation and rounded features are characteristics of the Ural mountains in Russia and the Appalachians in North America. These fold mountains are incredibly ancient.
When sizable regions are fractured and moved vertically, block mountains are produced. The lowered blocks are known as graben, and the raised blocks are known as horses. Such mountain systems can be found in Europe in the Vosges Mountain and the Rhine Valley.
Volcanic activity is what creates volcanic mountains. These mountains include Mt. Fujiyama in Japan and Mt. Kilimanjaro in Africa. Mountains serve several purposes. They are a reservoir for water. The glaciers in the mountains are the source of many rivers. Water is harvested and stored in reservoirs for human consumption.
In addition, irrigation and the production of hydroelectricity both need mountain water. The terraces and river valleys are perfect for growing vegetables. Mountains are home to a diverse range of plants and animals. Along with supplies like gum, raisins, and other goods, the trees offer fuel, grazing, and shelter.
Plateaus
A plateau is a flat area that is elevated. A tableland with a level top that rises above the surroundings. A plateau may feature one or more steeply sloping sides. Plateaus typically range in height from a few hundred to several thousand meters. Like mountains, plateaus can be young or old. One of the oldest plateaus is the Deccan Plateau in India. Other examples are the Western Plateau of Australia and the East African Plateau, which is located in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. At 4,000 to 6,000 meters above mean sea level, the Tibet plateau (Figure 5.1, p. 31) is the highest plateau on Earth.
Because they are abundant in mineral reserves, plateaus are highly beneficial. Because of this, the plateau regions are home to a large number of mining sites worldwide. The mining of gold and diamonds is well-known on the African plateau. Huge amounts of coal, manganese, and iron can be discovered in India's Chhotanagpur plateau. As the river drops from a considerable height in the plateau zones, there could be multiple waterfalls.
Such waterfalls can be seen in India at the Jog Falls in Karnataka and the Hundru Falls in the Chhotanagpur plateau on the river Subarnarekha. The black soil found on the lava plateaus is rich, fertile, and suitable for farming. Numerous plateaus offer picturesque areas that draw large numbers of visitors.
Plains
Large tracts of level ground that are no higher than 200 meters above mean sea level are known as plains. While some plains are very level, others could be gently sloping and undulating. Rivers and their tributaries compose the majority of the plains. Rivers destroy mountain slopes as they run down them. They continue the material that has degraded. Then they fill their valleys and courses with their cargo, which is made up of silt, sand, and stones. Plains are developed out of these deposits.
Because plains are so fertile, building transportation infrastructure is made easy. These plains are among the world's most densely populated areas. Asia and North America contain some of the greatest plains created by rivers. For instance, the Yangtze in China and the Ganga and Brahmaputra in India are responsible for creating these plains in Asia.
The best terrain for human habitation is a plain. Because there is more flat area available for cultivation and housing construction, there is a greater concentration of people. Fertile soils make the area extremely productive for farming. The Indo-Gangetic plains are also the most heavily populated area of India.
Landforms and the People
diverse landform types have hosted diverse human populations in various configurations. Living in the mountains is not easy. Conditions are far better in the plains. On a plain as opposed to a mountain, it is simpler to cultivate crops and construct a home or a road.
Widespread destruction is caused by natural disasters like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, and floods. We frequently utilise the land for unproductive endeavours, such as building homes on productive property. In a same vein, we pollute the land and rivers by throwing trash into them.
Benefits of CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography Notes Chapter 6
The benefits of studying Chapter 6: Major Landforms of the Earth in CBSE Class 6 Social Science Geography are numerous:
Fundamental Understanding
: The chapter helps students build a basic understanding of various landforms like mountains, plateaus, and plains, laying a foundation for advanced geography concepts in higher classes.
Concept of Earth's Formation
: It introduces key processes such as erosion, weathering, and volcanic activity, helping students understand how landforms are shaped over time.
Connection to Real-Life
: The chapter connects geographical knowledge to real-life situations, explaining how landforms affect human activities, agriculture, settlements, and resources.
Environmental Awareness
: Learning about natural features fosters awareness about environmental preservation and the impact of human activities on landforms.
Critical Thinking
: The chapter encourages critical thinking by explaining natural phenomena and prompting students to reflect on the significance of landforms in human life and the environment.
