Understanding how democratic institutions work is essential for every Class 9 student. Chapter 4 explains how the Parliament, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, and judiciary function together to run the country. Preparing the chapter 4 Working of Institutions Class 9 important questions and answers helps you build conceptual clarity and improves exam performance.
This chapter also teaches real-life decision making such as making laws or implementing national policies. The important questions of Working of Institution helps students prepare 1-mark, 3-mark, and 5-mark questions well for the exams.
Working of Institutions Class 9 Important Questions and answers
1 Marks Questions
Below are the Important Question of Working of Institution along with their answers for better exam preparation:
1. Which of the following statements about the judiciary is false?
(A) Every law passed by the Parliament needs approval of the Supreme Court.
(B) Judiciary can strike down a law if it goes against the spirit of the Constitution.
(C) Judiciary is independent of the Executive.
(D) Any citizen can approach the courts if her rights are violated.
Ans. (A) Every law passed by the Parliament needs approval of the Supreme Court.
2. Which of the following institutions can make changes to an existing law of the country?
(A) The Supreme Court
(B) The President
(C) The Prime Minister
(D) The Parliament
Ans. (D) The Parliament
3. Assertion: The primary role of the judiciary is to make laws.
Reason: The judiciary interprets and upholds laws but does not have the authority to create new laws.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
Ans. (D) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
4. Statement-I: Minimum age is 21 years to become a member of Lok Sabha.
Statement-II: Minimum age is 30 years to become a member in Rajya Sabha.
(A) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.
(B) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect.
(C) Statement-I is correct & Statement-II is incorrect.
(D) Statement-I is incorrect & Statement-II is correct.
Ans. (D) Statement-I is incorrect & Statement-II is correct.
5. Statement-I: National emergency is under article 352.
Statement-II: Financial emergency is under article 360.
(A) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.
(B) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect.
(C) Statement-I is correct & Statement-II is incorrect.
(D) Statement-I is incorrect & Statement-II is correct.
Ans. (A) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.
6. Who elects the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha?
(A) The President
(B) The Prime Minister
(C) The members of Lok Sabha
(D) The members of Rajya Sabha
Ans. (C) The members of Lok Sabha
7. A joint sitting of the two Houses is summoned by:
(A) The Prime Minister
(B) The President
(C) The Speaker
(D) The Deputy Speaker.
Ans. (B) The President
8. Who are the heads of the state and the government respectively?
(A) The Prime Minister and the President
(B) The President and the Prime Minister
(C) The Speaker and the Vice President
(D) The President and the Vice President
Ans. (B) The President and the Prime Minister
9. The president enjoys the following powers:
(A) Financial powers
(B) Emergency powers
(C) Judicial powers
(D) All of the above
Ans. (D) All of the above
10. Regarding Parliament, consider the following statements:
(i) Parliament is the final authority for making laws in any country.
(ii) Parliaments control all the money that governments have.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(A) (i) only
(B) (ii) only
(C) Both (i) and (ii)
(D) Neither (i) nor (ii)
Ans. (C) Both (i) and (ii)
Section –B [2 Marks]
11. Who is the head of the Government in India?
Ans. Prime Minister of India is the head the government in India. He runs all the operations of the government with the help of the cabinet he heads.
12. Name any three institutions responsible to run democratic government in India.
Ans. The three key institutions responsible for running a democratic government in India are: (i) The Parliament (ii) The Executive (iii) The Judiciary
13. Mention any four powers of the parliament.
Ans. Parliamentary powers typically include
(i) Parliament has the authority to make laws on various subjects within its jurisdiction.
(ii) Parliament controls the nation's finances, including budget approval and taxation
(iii) It monitors and scrutinizes the actions of the executive branch, ensuring accountability.
(iv) Parliament may have the authority to amend the constitution or enact fundamental laws
14. How is the Chief justice of India appointed?
Ans. The President appoints the Chief Justice of India based on seniority and consultation with the senior most judges of supreme court of India.
15. How is the President of India elected?
Ans. The President of India is elected indirectly by an electoral college comprising elected members of both houses of Parliament and state legislatures.
Section –C [3 Marks]
16. What are the qualifications required for contesting the election for the post of the President?
Ans. To contest the election for the post of President in India, a candidate must fulfill the following qualifications:
• They must be a citizen of India.
• At least 35 years of age.
• Eligible to be a member of the Lok Sabha.
• Not hold any office of profit under the Government of India, any state government, or any local authority.
17. How and on what grounds can the President be removed from office?
Ans. The President of India can be removed from office through impeachment by Parliament for violation of the Constitution. The process requires a motion signed by at least one-fourth of the total members of either House of Parliament and is passed by a majority of two-thirds of the members present and voting, followed by approval from the other House.
18. Distinguish between the Cabinet and the Council of Ministers
Ans. The Cabinet and the Council of Ministers are both crucial bodies in a government, yet they operate differently:
Composition: The Cabinet comprises highranking ministers chosen by the Prime Minister, often with specific portfolios, while the Council of Ministers includes all ministers, junior and senior.
Decision-making: The Cabinet is responsible for major policy decisions and strategies, often meeting regularly to discuss and decide on key issues. Conversely, the Council of Ministers involves a broader discussion and is more consultative in nature.
Authority: Cabinet decisions hold more weight and are often binding on the government, whereas the Council of Ministers provides input and advice but lacks the same authority.
Hierarchy: The Cabinet is a subset of the Council of Ministers, consisting of the most influential members, while the Council encompasses the entire ministerial body.
Efficiency: The Cabinet's smaller size enables quicker decision-making and more focused discussions, whereas the Council's larger membership may lead to longer deliberations and consensus-building.
19. How is the Prime Minister of India appointed?
Ans. The following process is followed in India to appoint the Prime Minister of India.
• The Prime Minister of India is appointed by the President.
• After general elections, the leader of the majority party or coalition in the Lok Sabha (House of the People) is usually chosen.
• The President then invites this leader to form the government.
• The Prime Minister-designate selects other ministers to form the Council of Ministers.
• Once the Council is formed, it is sworn in by the President.
• The Prime Minister holds office as long as they enjoy the confidence of the majority in the Lok Sabha.
20. Why is it necessary to keep the judiciary independent of the government?
Ans. Maintaining an independent judiciary is crucial for upholding the rule of law and ensuring justice prevails. When the judiciary is separate from the government, it can impartially interpret and apply laws without political influence. This independence safeguards against authoritarianism, ensures accountability of those in power, and protects citizens' rights and freedoms. It fosters public trust in the legal system, promoting stability and fairness in society. Without it, there's a risk of injustice, abuse of power, and erosion of democratic principles.
Section–D [5 Marks]
21. Explain the emergency powers of the President.
Ans. Emergency Powers and Functions of President are In addition to the normal powers mentioned above, the Constitution confers extraordinary powers on the President to deal with the following three types of emergencies:
• National Emergency (Article 352)
Article 352 of the Indian Constitution grants the President the power to declare a national emergency in cases of perceived threat to the country's security or integrity
President’s Rule (Article 356 & 365)
Article 356 of the Indian Constitution allows the President to impose President's Rule in a state if the state government fails to function according to constitutional provisions. Article 365 deals with directions to states.
Financial Emergency (Article 360)
Article 360 of the Indian Constitution enables the President to proclaim a financial emergency if the financial stability or credit of India or any part thereof is threatened.
22. Distinguished between parliamentary and Presidential form of Government?
Ans. Parliamentary System of Government
• Is based on a fusion of legislative and Executive orders
• There is a presence of a nominal head and a real head. The President who is the head of the state is actually only a nominal head. All his powers are exercised by the Prime Minister who is the real executive.
• The executive is collectively and individually Responsible for the legislature.
• The tenure of the cabinet depends on the support it commands in the legislature.
• The minister initiates important bills in the legislature.
• All ministers have to be members of the legislature and are accountable to it.
Presidential form of Government
• Is based on separation of powers where all. The three organs of government are Separate
• Such a distinction does not exist and the President is the real executive.
• The President is not responsible to the Legislature.
• The President enjoys a fixed tenure
• The members of the President’s cabinet Cannot initiate any bills in the legislature.
• President’s Cabinet consists of experts Who are not accountable to the legislature
23. Explain the executive powers of the Presidents?
Ans. Executive powers president is as following:
• The President of India is the formal head of the executive branch of the government, and all actions taken by the government are carried out in his name.
• He has the power to establish rules for authenticating official documents and instruments, as well as to streamline the administration of government business and allocate tasks among ministers. (Article 77)
• He has the authority to appoint the Prime Minister and other ministers, as well as other key officials such as the Attorney General, the Comptroller and Auditor General, and State Governors etc. (Article 75)
• He can also request information from the Prime Minister and other ministers. (Article 78)
• He has the authority to appoint administrators for Union Territories (Article 239) and has the power to declare certain areas as scheduled or tribal areas (Article 244).
Section–E [4 Marks]
24. Case-based Questions:
Read the information below and answer the questions that follow.
President is not elected directly by the people. The elected Members of Parliament (MPs) and the elected Members of the Legislative Assemblies (MLAs) elect her. A candidate standing for President’s post has to get a majority of votes to win the election. This ensures that the President can be seen to represent the entire nation. At the same time the President can never claim the kind of direct popular mandate that the Prime Minister can. This ensures that she remains only a nominal executive. The same is true of the powers of the President. If you casually read the Constitution, you would think that there is nothing that she cannot do. All governmental activities take place in the name of the President.
Answer the following question.
(i) How president is elected directly or indirectly?
Ans. President is elected indirectly by the elected members of the Parliament.
(ii) How can it be said that the President remains only a nominal executive?
Ans. All laws and major policy decisions of the government are issued in her/his name. The real power of the decision making is with Council of Minister headed by the Prime minister.
(iii) What are the activities performed in the name of the President?
Ans. All major appointments are made in the name of the President such as that of Chief Justice of India, the judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts of the states, the Governors of the States etc.
(iv) Who is participated in the election of the President?
Ans. The elected Members of Parliament (MPs) and the elected Members of the Legislative Assemblies (MLAs) elect her/him.
How Class 9 Political Science Important Questions Useful for Examsn
Students preparing for Class 9 Social Science must carefully go through the syllabus and prepare CBSE Class 9 Working of institutions Important Questions for effective exam preparation:
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CBSE Class 9 Working of institutions Important Questions explain how major decisions (like passing a law or selecting top government officials) are taken. Students learn step-by-step how Parliament, the Executive, and the Judiciary interact to implement decisions.
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Important questions cover essential topics such as the role of the President, powers of the Prime Minister, functions of the Cabinet, how Parliament controls the government, and the structure of the judiciary
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Class 9 Political Science exams include 5-mark questions. These Working of Institutions Class 9 Important Questions teach students how to write detailed, structured, and scoring answers.
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Instead of rereading the whole chapter, students can revise all main concepts quickly through these important questions and answers.
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Students learn how to use key terms like executive, legislature, judiciary, cabinet, opposition, and constitutional provisions. These are important for scoring full marks.