NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Civics Chapter 5: Outcomes of Democracy help you understand the results and impact of democracy clearly and simply, as per the CBSE Class 10 syllabus. The chapter highlights how democracy promotes equality, accountability, citizen participation, and responsiveness in governance.
These solutions help you understand both the achievements and challenges of democratic systems, including how democracy safeguards rights, improves quality of life, and ensures social justice.
Practising these question-answers enables effective revision, strengthens conceptual clarity, and helps you confidently answer exam questions.
1. How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive, and legitimate government?
Answer.
By drafting and creating a variety of laws and policies, the government can be held accountable by the people if any of those measures are not carried out or are deemed to be detrimental to the interests of the people. When citizens begin to take action when the government shows insensitivity to their goals, the government can be held accountable. Citizens can plan demonstrations, campaigns, and protests to compel the government to act. Since a democratic government is chosen by its constituents and has their support, it is deemed legitimate.
2. What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities?
Answer.
By concentrating on all of the communities inside society, social diversity can be accommodated. Both the majority and minority populations ought to receive the same level of focus. The majority does not rule in a democracy. In democracies, the majority and minority collaborate to advance national development and advancement. It's also critical to recognize that language or religion are not ways in which the majority rule is expressed. In a democracy, any individual or group can take the majority position.
3. Give arguments to support or oppose the following assertions:
- Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich.
- Democracy can’t reduce the inequality of incomes between different citizens.
- The government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, and education, and spend more on industries and infrastructure.
- In a democracy, all citizens have one vote, which means that any domination and conflict are absent.
Answer.
1. Industrialised nations can afford democracy, but for the impoverished to become wealthy, a dictatorship is necessary. There is no connection between national riches and democracy. The nation's economic growth is contingent upon its resources, policies, and the government's willingness to welcome investment.
In truth, hardly all citizens in nations like Nigeria are wealthy, even if the dictatorship could bring wealth to the country.
2. It's true that democracies cannot eliminate economic disparities since they create distinct professional communities. Democracy does not promote income equality since it promotes social and political equality.
Voting and other fundamental rights are available to people, but their ability to earn a living is a self-generated right.
3. It is not true what is said. Human resources must be the primary emphasis for any nation hoping to develop. People make up a nation, and without educated, sick, and insufficient citizens, the nation cannot develop.
The human development report evaluates the nation's progress based on the income, health, and educational attainment of its citizens. Therefore, infrastructure investments in the fields of health and education are crucial for any nation.
4. Part of the statement is accurate. Yes, every individual in a democracy has one vote. It is not, however, an opaque structure that forbids disputes.
Consider the varied diaspora of India as an example. Riots, protests, and strikes are examples of how the socioeconomic divisions within society are reflected. Thus, socioeconomic divisions cannot be eliminated by any democracy.
4. Point out how the following descriptions pose problems to democracy. Additionally, offer institutional or policy measures to strengthen democracy in the specified circumstances:
a) Following a High Court directive, a temple in Orissa that had separate entry doors for Dalits and non-Dalits allowed entry for all from the same door.
Answer:
In this instance, the greatest threat to democracy is the possibility that discrimination based on caste, color, and creed won't be able to be eradicated if such practices persist in the nation. People who engage in these kinds of activities may face legal repercussions. According to the Constitution, discrimination of any form is illegal and poses a danger to national security. Serious measures against the individuals in question must be implemented in these situations to maintain the nation's communal peace.
b) A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India.
Answer:
Due to the nation's economic disparity, a significant number of farmers are taking their own lives in several Indian states. In communities, farmers cultivate crops on limited plots of land, and they must endure significant losses if the weather is unstable. In addition, he becomes overburdened by the loan and is unable to return the money borrowed from the bank or moneylender. Over the past few years, the number of these incidents has climbed across the nation, and the impoverished farmers have resorted to extreme measures like suicide. Better irrigation techniques and inexpensive fertilizers, and seeds should be supplied by the government to these farmers.
c) Following the allegation of killing of three civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter by Jammu and Kashmir police, an enquiry has been ordered.
The allegations of the Jammu and Kashmir police killing three civilians in a fake encounter in Gandwara raise serious concerns about the conduct of the state’s police force. The key challenge here is to ensure proper control and accountability over the powers of the police and other authoritative officials.
5. In the context of democracies, which of the following ideas is correct have democracies successfully eliminated?
- conflicts among people
- economic inequalities among people
- differences of opinion about how marginalised sections are to be treated
- The idea of political inequality
Answer.
D. the idea of political inequality
6. In the context of assessing democracy, which among the following is odd one out? Democracies need to ensure:
- free and fair elections
- the dignity of the individual
- majority rule
- equal treatment before the law
Answer.
C. Majority rule
7. Studies on political and social inequalities in democracy show that
- democracy and development go together.
- Inequalities exist in democracies.
- Inequalities do not exist under a dictatorship.
- Dictatorship is better than democracy.
Answer.
B. Inequalities exist in democracies.
Democratic Politics-II is an important book in the Class 10 Social Science syllabus. Along with this chapter, students can access the complete set of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science through the linked article.
