Physics Wallah is an Indian edtech platform that provides accessible & comprehensive learning experiences to students from Class 6th to postgraduate level. We also provide extensive NCERT solutions, sample paper, NEET, JEE Mains, BITSAT previous year papers & more such resources to students. Physics Wallah also caters to over 3.5 million registered students and over 78 lakh+ Youtube subscribers with 4.8 rating on its app.
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Physics Wallah strives to develop a comprehensive pedagogical structure for students, where they get a state-of-the-art learning experience with study material and resources. Apart from catering students preparing for JEE Mains and NEET, PW also provides study material for each state board like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and others
Q1.
Imagine you were a witness to a debate between Mahatma Gandhi and Macaulay on English education. Write a page on the dialogue you heard.
Ans.
Macaulay emphasized Indian is an uncivilized country. No branch of Eastern knowledge could be compared to what England had produced. He stressed the need for English education.Mahatma Gandhi, however, said that colonial education created a sense of inferiority in the minds of Indians. He said that there was poison in this education.Macaulay argued that the knowledge of English would allow Indians to read some of the finest literature that world had produced.Mahatma Gandhi, emphasized that Indian language ought to be the medium of teaching. Mahatma Gandhi also felt that education in English crippled Indians distanced them from their own social surroundings.Macaulay urged that the British government in India should stop wasting public money in prompting oriental learning for it was of no practical use.Mahatma Gandhi, focused on practical knowledge and experience. People should know how to operate different things rather than studying only from books.
LET’S RECALL
Q1.
Match the following:
i.William Jones a.Promotion of English education
ii.Rabindranath Tagore b.Respect for ancient cultures
iii.Thomas Macaulay c.Gurus
iv.Mahatma Gandhi d.Learning in a natural environment
v.Pathshalas e.Critical of English education
Ans. (i) (b), (ii) (c), (iii) (c), (iv) (e), (v) (d)
Q2.
State whether True or False:
a) James Mill was a severe critic of the Orientalist.
b) The 1854 Dispatch on education was in favour of English being introduced as a medium of higher education in India.
c) Mahatma Gandhi thought that promotion of literacy was the most important aim of education.
d) Rabindranath Tagore felt that children ought to be subjected to strict discipline.
Ans.
(a) True (b) True (c) False (d) False.
LET’S DISCUSS
Q3.
Why did William Jones feel the need to study Indian history, philosophy and law?
Ans.
William Jones felt the need to study Indian history, philosophy and law due to the following reasons:
He had a deep respect for ancient cultures both of India and the West.
He felt that India had attained its glory in the ancient past but had subsequently declined.
He thought that in order to understand India, it was necessary to discover the sacred and legal texts that were produced in the ancient period.
William Jones went about discovering ancient texts, understanding them and making their finding known to other.
Q4.
Why did James Mill and Thomas Macaulay think that European education was essential in India?
Ans.
James Mill thought that European education was essential in India because:
The knowledge of the East was full of errors and unscientific thoughts.
The aim of education should not only be to teach the poetry and sacred literature of the Orient.
The education should provide useful and practical knowledge to the students.
Thomas Macaulay urged that:
Oriental learning was of no practical use.
The English education was better because it would allow Indians to read some of the finest literature of the world. It would also make them aware about the development in Western Science and Philosophy.
Q5.
Why did Mahatma Gandhi want to teach children handicrafts?
Ans.
Mahatma Gandhi wanted to teach children handicrafts because he thought:
Western education focused on reading and writing rather than oral knowledge.
Education ought to develop a person’s mind and soul. Simple learning to read and write by itself did not count as education.
If people are allowed to work with hands, learn a craft and know how different things operated, this would develop their mind and their capacity to understand.
Q6.
Why did Mahatma Gandhi think that English education had enslaved Indians?
Ans.
Mahatma Gandhi thought that English education had enslaved Indians because:
It made them see Western civilization as superior, and destroyed the pride they had in their own culture.
Charmed by the West and after getting western education they began admiring British rule.
It had poisoned their minds and soul.
LET’S DO
Q7.
Find out from your grandparents about what they studied in school.
Ans.
For self-study.
Q8.
Find out about the history of your school or any other school in the area you live.
Ans.
Self-study. Contact your school Principal/ Headmaster or record-keeper of the school history.
