Army Releases RFI For Short Range Air Defence System
The Indian Army has issued a Request For Information for Very Short Range Air Defence Systems (VSHORADs) to enhance its air defence capabilities against low-altitude threats. Read in detail.
Nigam Sharma15 Jun, 2024
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Indian Army Issues RFI for Very Short Range Air Defence Systems (VSHORADs): The Indian Army has recently released a Request For Information (RFI) for Very Short Range Air Defence Systems (VSHORADs). This move underscores the critical importance of short-range air defence in a comprehensive, layered air defence strategy, acting as the final protective barrier for ground troops.
Army Releases RFI For Short Range Air Defence System
The Indian Army has issued a Request For Information (RFI) for Very Short Range Air Defence Systems (VSHORADs), aiming to enhance its layered air defence strategy. This crucial upgrade targets the fortification of the last line of defence for ground troops, addressing the evolving threats from enemy aircraft, drones, and helicopters flying at low altitudes to evade long-range detection systems.Layers of Air Defence
A comprehensive air defence system consists of three layers:- High-Level Air Defence
- Medium-Level Air Defence
- Low-Level Air Defence
SHORAD: The Last Line of Defence
Enemy aircraft, such as fighter planes and helicopters, often fly at low altitudes to evade detection by long-range systems. Short-range or low-level air defence systems serve as the soldier's last line of defence. These systems typically employ:- Man-Portable Surface To Air Missiles (MANPADS)
- Gun Systems , such as the Zu-23mm gun
Historical Context and Recent Conflicts
- Soviet-Afghan War : MANPADS gained prominence during the Soviet intervention in Afghanistan, proving highly effective against Russian aircraft and contributing to the Soviet withdrawal.
- Ukraine Conflict : The ongoing conflict in Ukraine showcases the effectiveness of these systems, with both sides using them extensively to counter offensive air power. Videos circulating online highlight Ukrainian Igla missiles downing various Russian aircraft and cruise missiles.
India's VSHORAD Modernization Efforts
India is making significant strides in modernizing its Very Short Range Air Defence Systems (VSHORADs) to bolster national security and enhance the capabilities of its armed forces. This modernization effort is a response to evolving aerial threats and aims to ensure robust, multi-layered air defence across diverse terrains and climatic conditions. Below are the key aspects of India's VSHORAD modernization initiatives:Recent Inductions
The Indian armed forces have recently started inducting the Igla-S, the latest variant of the missile, following a prolonged procurement process initiated in 2010. This process aimed to replace the Igla-M missiles procured in the 1980s and involved trials with French MBDA and Swedish SAAB systems, although the Russian system was eventually chosen.New RFI Specifications
The new RFI, issued on behalf of all three services, outlines the following requirements for MANPADS:- Capability to engage fighters, helicopters, and drones with low heat signatures
- Flexibility in guidance systems, opening the doors for systems like the Swedish RBS-70 and the British Starstreak missile system
- Deployment across diverse terrains, from high-altitude regions to coastal areas, deserts, and high-humidity conditions
- Operational effectiveness in temperatures ranging from -30°C to +45°C and all weather conditions
- Portability for shoulder or tripod-mounted firing, and robustness for para-drop operations
Indigenous Development
India's own VSHORAD, developed by DRDO, has successfully passed multiple trials. This indigenous system features:- Reaction Control System : Enhances missile maneuverability
- Uncooled Infrared Seeker : Reduces logistical demands
Army Releases RFI For Short Range Air Defence System FAQs
Q1. What is the purpose of the Indian Army's RFI for VSHORADs?
Ans. The RFI aims to enhance the Indian Army's short-range air defence capabilities, ensuring robust protection for ground troops against low-altitude threats from enemy aircraft, drones, and helicopters.
Q2. What are the layers of a comprehensive air defence system?
Ans. A comprehensive air defence system consists of:
High-Level Air Defence
Medium-Level Air Defence
Low-Level Air Defence
These layers work together to detect and engage enemy aircraft at various altitudes.
Q3. What are VSHORAD systems and why are they important?
Ans. Very Short Range Air Defence Systems (VSHORADs) are crucial for providing the last line of defence for soldiers on the ground. They are designed to engage low-flying enemy aircraft that evade long-range detection systems.
Q4. What types of systems are typically used in SHORAD?
Ans. SHORAD systems often use:
Man-Portable Surface To Air Missiles (MANPADS)
Gun Systems, such as the Zu-23mm gun
Q5. How did MANPADS prove their effectiveness in past conflicts?
Ans. MANPADS gained prominence during the Soviet-Afghan War, where they were highly effective against Russian aircraft. They continue to be effective in conflicts such as the ongoing Ukraine conflict, where they have been used extensively to counter enemy air power.
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