ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 Section and Mid Point Formula
Neha Tanna22 Jul, 2024
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ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13: Coordinate geometry is necessary to determine the following for any two given points in a Cartesian plane: (i) the distance between the points; (ii) the coordinates of a point that divides the line joining the points in a given ratio; and (iii) the coordinates of the mid-point of the line segment joining the two given points. In this ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13, students will go through issues involving the centroid of a triangle, points of trisection, section formula, and midpoint formula.
Students can clear their concerns and discover the proper problem-solving techniques by consulting the ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13. Our subject matter experts have created each solution by the most recent ICSE patterns. Additionally, students can use the links below to acquire the free PDF versions of all the problems in the ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 Mid-Point Formula.ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 Overview
Chapter 13 of ICSE Class 10 Maths in Selina Solutions focuses on coordinate geometry, specifically covering the section formula and mid-point formula. These formulas are essential tools for locating points on line segments and finding mid-points, respectively. The section formula helps determine the coordinates of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio, useful in geometry problems involving ratios and centroids. Meanwhile, the mid-point formula simplifies finding the mid-point of a line segment based on its endpoints, crucial in calculations involving shapes like triangles and polygons. ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 provides step-by-step explanations and practice exercises, aiding students in mastering these formulas and their applications in both theoretical understanding and practical problem-solving for exams.ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 PDF
Below we have provided ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 in detail. This chapter will help you to clear all your doubts regarding the chapter Inequalities. Students are advised to prepare from these ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 before the examinations to perform better.ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 PDF
ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 Exercise 13.A
Below we have provided ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 –1. Calculate the coordinates of the point P which divides the line segment joining:
(i) A (1, 3) and B (5, 9) in the ratio 1: 2.
(ii) A (-4, 6) and B (3, -5) in the ratio 3: 2.
Solution:
(i) Let’s assume the coordinates of the point P be (x, y) Then by section formula, we have P(x, y) = (m 1 x 2 + m 2 x 1 )/ (m 1 + m 2 ), (m 1 y 2 + m 2 y 1 )/ (m 1 + m 2 )
Hence, the coordinates of point P are (7/3, 5).
(ii) Let’s assume the coordinates of the point P be (x, y)
Then by section formula, we have
P(x, y) = (m
1
x
2
+ m
2
x
1
)/ (m
1
+ m
2
), (m
1
y
2
+ m
2
y
1
)/ (m
1
+ m
2
)
Hence, the coordinates of point P are (1/5, -3/5).
2. In what ratio is the line joining (2, -3) and (5, 6) divided by the x-axis.
Solution:
Let’s assume the joining points as A(2, -3) and B(5, 6) are divided by point P(x,0) in the ratio k: 1. Then we have, y = ky 2 + y 1 / (k + 1) 0 = 6k + (-3)/ (k + 1) 0 = 6k – 3 k = ½ Hence, the required ratio is 1: 2.3. In what ratio is the line joining (2, -4) and (-3, 6) divided by the y-axis.
Solution:
Let’s assume the line joining points A(2, -4) and B(-3, 6) are divided by point P (0, y) in the ratio k: 1. Then we have, x = kx 2 + x 1 / (k + 1) 0 = k(-3) + (1×2)/ (k + 1) 0 = -3k + 2 k = 2/3 Hence, the required ratio is 2: 3.4. In what ratio does the point (1, a) divide the join of (-1, 4) and (4, -1)? Also, find the value of a.
Solution:
Let’s assume that point P (1, a) divide the line segment AB in the ratio k: 1.
Then by section formula, we have
1 = (4k – 1)/ (k + 1),
k + 1 = 4k – 1
2 = 3k
k = 2/3 ….. (1)
And,
a = (-k + 4)/ (k + 1)
a = (-(2/3) + 4)/ ((2/3) + 1) [using (1)]
a = 10/5 = 2
Thus, the required ratio is 2: 3 and a = 2.
5. In what ratio does the point (a, 6) divide the join of (-4, 3) and (2, 8)? Also, find the value of a.
Solution:
Let’s assume the point P (a, 6) divides the line segment joining A (-4, 3) and B (2, 8) in the ratio k: 1. Then by section formula, we have 6 = (8k + 3)/ (k + 1), 6k + 6 = 8k + 3 3 = 3k k = 3/2 …. (1) a = (2k – 4)/ (k + 1) a = (2(3/2) – 4)/ ((3/2) + 1) a = -2/5 Thus, the required ratio is 3: 2 and a = -2/56. In what ratio is the join of (4, 3) and (2, -6) divided by the x-axis. Also, find the co-ordinates of the point of intersection.
Solution:
Let’s assume the point P (x, 0) on x-axis divides the line segment joining A (4, 3) and B (2, -6) in the ratio k: 1. Then by section formula, we have 0 = (-6k + 3)/ (k + 1) 0 = -6k + 3 k = ½ Hence, the required ratio is 1: 2 And, x = (2k + 4)/ (k + 1) = {2(1/2) + 4}/ {k + 1} = 10/3 Therefore, the required co-ordinates of the point of intersection are (10/3, 0).7. Find the ratio in which the join of (-4, 7) and (3, 0) is divided by the y-axis. Also, find the coordinates of the point of intersection.
Solution:
8. Points A, B, C and D divide the line segment joining the point (5, -10) and the origin in five equal parts. Find the co-ordinates of A, B, C and D.
Solution:
9. The line joining the points A (-3, -10) and B (-2, 6) is divided by the point P such that PB/AB = 1/5 Find the co-ordinates of P.
Solution:
Let the coordinates of point P be taken as (x, y).
Given,
PB: AB = 1: 5
So, PB: PA = 1: 4
Hence, the coordinates of P are
10. P is a point on the line joining A (4, 3) and B (-2, 6) such that 5AP = 2BP. Find the co-ordinates of P.
Solution:
5AP = 2BP So, AP/BP = 2/5 Hence, the co-ordinates of the point P are ((2x(-2) + 5×4)/(2 + 5), (2×6 + 5×3)/ (2 + 5)) (16/7, 27/7)11. Calculate the ratio in which the line joining the points (-3, -1) and (5, 7) is divided by the line x = 2. Also, find the co-ordinates of the point of intersection.
Solution:
We know that, The co-ordinates of every point on the line x = 2 will be of the type (2, y). So from section formula, we have x = m 1 x 5 + m 2 x (-3)/ (m 1 + m 2 ) 2 = 5m 1 – 3m 2 / m 1 + m 2 2m 1 + 2m 2 = 5m 1 – 3m 2 5m 2 = 3m 1 Hence, the required ratio is 5: 3. y = (m 1 x7 + m 2 x(-1))/ (m 1 + m 2 ) y = 5×7 + 3(-1)/ 5 + 3 y = 35 – 3/ 8 y = 32/8 = 4 Therefore, the required co-ordinates of the point of intersection are (2, 4).12. Calculate the ratio in which the line joining A (6, 5) and B (4, -3) is divided by the line y = 2.
Solution:
We know that, The co-ordinates of every point on the line y = 2 will be of the type (x, 2). So, by section formula, we have
2m
1
+ 2m
2
= -3m
1
+ 5m
2
5m
1
= 3m
2
m
1
/ m
2
= 3/5
Hence, the required ratio is 3: 5.
13. The point P (5, -4) divides the line segment AB, as shown in the figure, in the ratio 2: 5. Find the co-ordinates of points A and B. Given AP is smaller than BP
Solution:
From the diagram we can see that, Point A lies on x-axis. So, its co-ordinates can be taken as A (x, 0). Point B lies on y-axis. So, its co-ordinates can be taken as B be (0, y). And, P divides AB in the ratio 2: 5. (Given) Now, we have
5 = 5x/7
x = 7
Hence, the co-ordinates of point A are (7, 0).
-4 = 2y/7
-2 = y/7
y = -14
Hence, the co-ordinates of point B are (0, -14)
ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 Exercise 13B
1. Find the mid-point of the line segment joining the points:
(i) (-6, 7) and (3, 5)
(ii) (5, -3) and (-1, 7)
Solution:
(i) Let A (-6, 7) and B (3, 5) So, the mid-point of AB = (-6+3/2, 7+5/2) = (-3/2, 6) (ii) Let A (5, -3) and B (-1, 7) So, the mid-point of AB = (5-1/2, -3+7/2) = (2, 2)2. Points A and B have co-ordinates (3, 5) and (x, y) respectively. The mid-point of AB is (2, 3). Find the values of x and y.
Solution:
Given, mid-point of AB = (2, 3) Thus, (3+x/2, 5+y/2) = (2, 3) 3 + x/2 = 2 and 5 + y/2 = 3 3 + x = 4 and 5 + y = 6 x = 1 and y = 13. A (5, 3), B (-1, 1) and C (7, -3) are the vertices of triangle ABC. If L is the mid-point of AB and M is the mid-point of AC, show that LM = ½ BC.
Solution:
It’s given that, L is the mid-point of AB and M is the mid-point of AC. Co-ordinates of L are,
Co-ordinates of M are,
Using distance formula, we have:
Thus, LM = ½ BC
4. Given M is the mid-point of AB, find the co-ordinates of:
(i) A; if M = (1, 7) and B = (-5, 10)
(ii) B; if A = (3, -1) and M = (-1, 3).
Solution:
(i) Let’s assume the co-ordinates of A to be (x, y). So, (1, 7) = (x-5/2, y+10/2) 1 = x-5/2 and 7 = y+10/2 2 = x – 5 and 14 = y + 10 x = 7 and y = 4 Thus, the co-ordinates of A are (7, 4). (ii) Let’s assume the co-ordinates of B be (x, y). So, (-1, 3) = (3+x/2, -1+y/2) -1 = 3+x/2 and 3 = -1+y/2 -2 = 3 + x and 6 = -1 + y x = -5 and y = 7 Thus, the co-ordinates of B are (-5, 7).5. P (-3, 2) is the mid-point of line segment AB as shown in the given figure. Find the co-ordinates of points A and B.
Solution:
It’s seen that,
Point A lies on y-axis, hence its co-ordinates is taken to be (0, y).
Point B lies on x-axis, hence its co-ordinates is taken to be (x, 0).
Given, P (-3, 2) is the mid-point of line segment AB.
So, by the mid-point section we have
(-3, 2) = (0+x/2, y+0/2)
(-3, 2) = (x/2, y/2)
-3 = x/2 and 2 = y/2
x = -6 and y = 4
Therefore, the co-ordinates of points A and B are (0, 4) and (-6, 0) respectively.
6. In the given figure, P (4, 2) is mid-point of line segment AB. Find the co-ordinates of A and B.
Solution:
Let point A lies on x-axis, hence its co-ordinates can be (x, 0).
And, Point B lies on y-axis, hence its co-ordinates can be (0, y).
Given, P (4, 2) is the mid-point of line segment AB.
So,
(4, 2) = (x+0/2, 0+y/2)
4 = x/2 and 2 = y/2
8 = x and 4 = y
Thus, the co-ordinates of points A and B are (8, 0) and (0, 4) respectively.
7. (-5, 2), (3, -6) and (7, 4) are the vertices of a triangle. Find the length of its median through the vertex (3, -6). Solution:
Let A (-5, 2), B (3, -6) and C (7, 4) be the vertices of the given triangle. And let AD be the median through A, BE be the median through B and CF be the median through C.
We know that, median of a triangle bisects the opposite side.
So, the co-ordinates of point F are
The co-ordinates of point D are
And, co-ordinates of point E are
The median of the triangle through the vertex B (3, -6) is BE.
Therefore, by distance formula we get
8. Given a line ABCD in which AB = BC = CD, B = (0, 3) and C = (1, 8). Find the co-ordinates of A and D.
Solution:
Given, AB = BC = CD
So, B is the mid-point of AC. Let the co-ordinates of point A be (x, y).
(0, 3) = (x+1/2, y+8/2)
0 = (x+1)/2 and 3 = (y+8)/2
0 = x + 1 and 6 = y + 8
x = -1 and y = -2
Hence, the co-ordinates of point A are (-1, -2).
Also given, C is the mid-point of BD. And, let the co-ordinates of point D be (p, q).
(1, 8) = (0+p/2, 3+q/2)
1= 0+p/2 and 8 = 3+q/2
2 = 0 + p and 16 = 3 + q
p = 2 and q = 13
Hence, the co-ordinates of point D are (2, 13).
9. One end of the diameter of a circle is (-2, 5). Find the co-ordinates of the other end of it, if the centre of the circle is (2, -1).
Solution:
We know that, The centre is the mid-point of any diameter of a circle. Let assume the required co-ordinates of the other end of mid-point to be (x, y).
2 = (-2 + x)/2 and -1 = (5 + y)/2
4 = -2 + x and -2 = 5 + y
x = 6 and y = -7
Therefore, the required co-ordinates of the other end of the diameter are (6, -7).
ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 Exercise 13C
1. Given a triangle ABC in which A = (4, -4), B = (0, 5) and C = (5, 10). A point P lies on BC such that BP: PC = 3: 2. Find the length of line segment AP.
Solution:
Given, BP: PC = 3: 2 Then by section formula, the co-ordinates of point P are given as:
= (15/5, 40/5)
= (3, 8)
Now, by using distance formula, we get
2. A (20, 0) and B (10, -20) are two fixed points. Find the co-ordinates of a point P in AB such that: 3PB = AB. Also, find the co-ordinates of some other point Q in AB such that AB = 6AQ.
Solution:
Given, 3PB = AB So, AB/PB = 3/1 (AB – PB)/ PB = (3 – 1)/ 1 AP/PB = 2/1 By section formula, we get the coordinates of P to be
= P (40/3, -40/3)
Also given that, AB = 6AQ
AQ/AB = 1/6
AQ/(AB – AQ) = 1/(6 – 1)
AQ/ QB = 1/5
Now, again by using section formula we get
The coordinates of Q as
= Q(110/6, -20/6)
= Q(55/3, -10/3)
3. A (-8, 0), B (0, 16) and C (0, 0) are the vertices of a triangle ABC. Point P lies on AB and Q lies on AC such that AP: PB = 3: 5 and AQ: QC = 3: 5. Show that: PQ = 3/8 BC.
Solution:
Given that, point P lies on AB such that AP: PB = 3: 5. So, the co-ordinates of point P are given as
= (-40/8, 48/8)
= (-5, 6)
Also given that, point Q lies on AB such that AQ: QC = 3: 5.
So, the co-ordinates of point Q are given as
= (-40/8, 0/8)
= (-5, 0)
Now, by distance formula we get
Thus,
3/8 x BC = 3/8 x 16 = 6 = PQ
– Hence proved.
4. Find the co-ordinates of points of trisection of the line segment joining the point (6, -9) and the origin.
Solution:
Let’s assume P and Q to be the points of trisection of the line segment joining A (6, -9) and B (0, 0). So, P divides AB in the ratio 1: 2. Hence, the co-ordinates of point P are given as
= (12/3, -18/3)
= (4, -6)
And, Q divides AB in the ratio 2: 1.
Hence, the co-ordinates of point Q are
= (6/3, -9/3) = (2, 3)
Therefore, the required coordinates of trisection of PQ are (4, -6) and (2, -3).
5. A line segment joining A (-1, 5/3) and B (a, 5) is divided in the ratio 1: 3 at P, point where the line segment AB intersects the y-axis.
(i) Calculate the value of ‘a’.
(ii) Calculate the co-ordinates of ‘P’.
Solution:
As, the line segment AB intersects the y-axis at point P, let the co-ordinates of point P be taken as (0, y). And, P divides AB in the ratio 1: 3. So,
(0, y) = (a-3/4, 10/4)
0 = a-3/4 and y = 10/4
a -3 = 0 and y = 5/2
a = 3
Therefore, the value of a is 3 and the co-ordinates of point P are (0, 5/2).
6. In what ratio is the line joining A (0, 3) and B (4, -1) divided by the x-axis? Write the co-ordinates of the point where AB intersects the x-axis.
Solution:
Let assume that the line segment AB intersects the x-axis by point P (x, 0) in the ratio k: 1.
0 = (-k + 3)/ (k + 1)
k = 3
Therefore, the required ratio in which P divides AB is 3: 1.
Also,
x = 4k/(k + 1)
x = (4×3)/ (3 + 1)
x = 12/3 = 3
Hence, the co-ordinates of point P are (3, 0).
7. The mid-point of the segment AB, as shown in diagram, is C (4, -3). Write down the co-ordinates of A and B.
Solution:
As, point A lies on x-axis, we can assume the co-ordinates of point A to be (x, 0). As, point B lies on y-axis, we can assume the co-ordinates of point B to be (0, y). And given, the mid-point of AB is C (4, -3).
(4, -3) = (x/2, y/2)
4 = x/2 and -3 = y/2
x = 8 and y = -6
Therefore, the co-ordinates of point A are (8, 0) and the co-ordinates of point B are (0, -6).
8. AB is a diameter of a circle with centre C = (-2, 5). If A = (3, -7), find
(i) the length of radius AC
(ii) the coordinates of B.
Solution:
(i) Radius AC = √[ (3 + 2)
2
+ (-7 – 5)
2
]
= √[ (5
2
+ (-12)
2
]
= √(25 + 144)
= √169 = 13 units
(ii) Let the coordinates of B be (x, y).
Now, by mid-point formula, we get
-2 = (3 + x)/2 and 5 = (-7 + y)/2
-4 = 3 + x and 10 = -7 + y
x = -7 and y = 17
Hence, the coordinates of B are (-7, 17).
9. Find the co-ordinates of the centroid of a triangle ABC whose vertices are:
A (-1, 3), B (1, -1) and C (5, 1)
Solution:
By the centroid of a triangle formula, we get The co- ordinates of the centroid of triangle ABC as
= (5/3, 1)
10. The mid-point of the line-segment joining (4a, 2b – 3) and (-4, 3b) is (2, -2a). Find the values of a and b.
Solution:
Given that the mid-point of the line-segment joining (4a, 2b – 3) and (-4, 3b) is (2, -2a). So, we have 2 = (4a – 4)/2 4 = 4a – 4 8 = 4a a = 2 Also, -2a = (2b – 3 + 3b)/ 2 -2 x 2 = (5b – 3)/ 2 -8 = 5b – 3 -5 = 5b b = -111. The mid-point of the line segment joining (2a, 4) and (-2, 2b) is (1, 2a + 1). Find the value of a and b.
Solution:
Given, The mid-point of (2a, 4) and (-2, 2b) is (1, 2a + 1) So, by using mid-point formula, we know (1, 2a + 1) = (2a – 2/2, 4 + 2b/2) 1 = 2a – 2/2 and 2a + 1 = 4 + 2b/2 2 = 2a – 2 and 4a + 2 = 4 + 2b 4 = 2a and 4a = 2 + 2b a = 2 and 4(2) = 2 + 2b [using the value of a] 8 = 2 + 2b 6 = 2b b = 3 Hence, the value of a = 2 and b = 3.Benefits of ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13
Step-by-Step Guidance : ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 provide detailed step-by-step solutions to problems, helping students understand the process of applying these formulas.
Clarity in Concepts : Clear explanations in Selina Solutions aid in grasping the underlying concepts of coordinate geometry, ensuring stronger foundational knowledge.
Practice Questions : Selina Solutions typically include practice exercises that reinforce application of formulas, improving problem-solving skills.
Preparation for Exams : By practicing with Selina Solutions, students become well-prepared for exams by familiarizing themselves with the types of questions that may be asked.
ICSE Class 10 Maths Selina Solutions Chapter 13 FAQs
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