Difference Between Stoichiometry And Stoichiometric Calculations, Important Topics For JEE 2024
Difference Between Stoichiometry and Stoichiometric Calculations : Read everything you need to know about stoichiometry and stoichiometric calculations. Learn how the quantity of elements governs the chemical reaction.
Shrivastav 24 Jan, 2024
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Difference Between Stoichiometry And Stoichiometric Calculations : From the Greek terms "stoikhein" (element) and "metron" (measure), the term "stoichiometry" is derived. The term "stoichiometry" was initially coined or established by German scientist Jeremias Richter. Determining the ratios at which various elements or substances interact with one another. The principles that govern stoichiometric relationships are based on the conservation of mass, energy, and weights or volumes.
A key concept in chemistry is stoichiometry, that allows us to calculate reactant and product quantities using balanced chemical equations. Ratios from the balanced equation are used in this situation. Generally speaking, the amount of material present determines the primary determinant that controls every reaction. Achieve JEE excellence with PW JEE Online Course . Join now to fulfill your engineering dreams!Stoichiometry Meaning
Stoichiometry, or the measuring of elements, is an important idea in chemistry that deals with the relation between reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Understanding the link between reactants and products in a chemical reaction is essential to understand stoichiometric calculations. A reaction needs the same amount of elements on both sides of the equation to be balanced. Stoichiometric coefficients, which are expressed as the number of atoms needed to balance the reaction, are used to change the amounts of each element on each side of the reaction.Stoichiometric Coefficient
The number of molecules involved in the reaction is the stoichiometric number, also known as the stoichiometric coefficient. Any balanced reaction will show you that the number of elements on both sides of the equation is the same. In simple terms, the number in front of atoms, molecules, or ions is known as the stoichiometric coefficient. In addition to whole integers, stoichiometric coefficients may also be fractions. To put it simply, the coefficients help in determining the mole ratio of reactants to products.Stoichiometric Calculations
Solving stoichiometric problems is significant. It requires that the mole concept be understood and used, that chemical equations be balanced, and that units be converted carefully. Problems using chemical equations may be divided into. Mole to mole relationships: For each reactant or product, the moles of each are supplied, and the moles of each other are then calculated. Mass-Volume relationship: In these situations, the mass or volume of other substances is used to determine the mass or volume of one of the reactants or products. Mass-mass relationship: In these questions, if the mass of one of the reactants or products is provided, the mass of the other reactant or product must also be calculated. Volume-volume relationship: In these problems, one reactant or product's volume is known, while the volume of the other must be calculated.Formulas Used in Stoichiometric Calculations
Formula Mass: Formula Mass is the total of the atomic weights of all the different atoms that constitute up the substance's molecule. For example, the mass of Na2S may be found using the formula 2(23) + 1(32) = 78. Avogadro Number: The total number of particles in one mole of a material is known as the Avagadro number. It is the number of atoms in precisely 12 grams of C-12. The value of the Avogadro number is 6.022 × 1023. Molar Mass: Molar mass is the total mass of all of a molecule's constituent atoms added together per mole.Stoichiometry in Chemical Analysis
Chemists often use stoichiometric calculations, which are based on a quantitative analysis method, to determine the amounts of chemicals present in a sample. There are two primary types of chemical analysis mentioned below:Gravimetric Analysis
The quantitative determination of an analyte based on the mass of the solid is referred to as gravimetric analysis in analytical chemistry. Out of all analytical analyses, the gravimetric analysis provides the most accurate results since it can measure a substance's weight more precisely than other fundamental quantities.Types of gravimetric analysis
Precipitation gravimetry: The process of precipitation gravimetry involves separating the ions in solution by a precipitation reaction, filtering, cleaning the precipitate to remove impurities, and then weighing the precipitate to calculate its mass by difference. Volatilization gravimetry: This method uses heat or chemical breakdown to separate each of the components of a mixture. Electrogravimetry: In electrogravimetry, ions are simultaneously deposited on the cathode and metal ions are reduced electrochemically at the cathode. Weighing the cathode both before and after electrolysis allows us to calculate the mass of the analyte that was previously in the sample.Volumetric Analysis
The quantitative measurement of substance in terms of volume is a part of the volumetric analysis. The basic idea behind volumetric analysis is that an unknown volume (V2) of a solution, whose concentration (N2) has to be estimated, is reacted with a known volume (V1) of the substance, whose concentration (N1) is known. At the reaction's end, the volume V1 is recorded. The following formula is used to determine the N2 concentration. N2 x V2 = N1 x V1 Looking For Best Books for the JEE Exam Preparation?Stoichiometry Solved Problems
Question 1: Determine the amount of sodium hydroxide required to produce 500 milliliters of 0.10 M solution. Solution: NaOH has a molar mass of 40g. NaOH volume is 500 ml, or 0.5 L. Molarity is equal to 0.10M. Molarity= Moles/volume in liters So, weight of NaOH = molar mass of NaOH x volume x molarity = 0.10 x 40 x 0.5 = 2 grams Question 2: How many moles of nitrogen are needed to react with hydrogen to produce 8.2 moles of ammonia? Solution: The chemical equation that is in equilibrium is N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3. 2 mole of NH3 are produced from = 1 mole of N2 8.2 mole of NH3 are produced from = (1/2) x 8.2 = 4.1 moles of nitrogenDifference Between Stoichiometry and Stoichiometric Calculations FAQs
Q1: What is the definition of a balanced chemical equation?
Ans. When there are an equal number of atoms of each type on the reactant and product sides of the reaction, the chemical equation is said to be balanced.
Q2: What is the rule of stoichiometry?
Ans. The basis of stoichiometry is the law of conservation of mass, which states that the total mass of the reactants and products is equal.
Q3: How to find molarity?
Ans. Molarity is calculated by dividing the volume of solution in liters by the moles of solute in moles. Or as the formula M = n/V, where n is the number of moles of solute, V is the volume, and M is the molarity.
Q4: What is the percentage of yield?
Ans. The % ratio of the actual yield to the estimated yield is known as the percent yield.
Q5: How to calculate normality?
Ans. Normality may be calculated by multiplying the molarity by the number of equivalents in the solute's formula unit.
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