Lungs and Trachea Definition, anatomy, function
The trachea is the tube that connects your voice box with your bronchi in your lungs. It's a key part of the system that helps you breathe. Your trachea is made of thick rings of cartilage. Read the article to know more.
Nivedita Dar27 May, 2024
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Trachea also known as windpipe is a tube made up of cartilage which connects the larynx and bronchi of the lungs. It’s in a vertical position inside the body and connects at top with the larynx and below it branches into two primary bronchi. It has a number of C shaped rings which are attached at the back by trachealis muscle. These rings prevent the collapse of trachea while breathing.
Lungs
Are the inflatable organ inside our thoracic cavity. They stretch and contract leading to ventilation of air inside and out.Structure of lungs
Anatomically, lungs have an apex , three border and three surfaces . The mediastinal surface of the lung have Hilum where structures enter and leave the lungs are located on this surface. The lungs are enclosed in continuous pleural membranes which makes a serous pleural sac. Between two pleural membrane there is a potential space which has pleural fluid inside them and a negative pressure. This negative pressure leads to a residual volume in lungs.Tracheobronchial tree
All the respiratory passages from the trachea to the respiratory bronchioles. Trachea divides into right and left primary bronchus which goes into each lung. The main bronchi then later divide into lobar or secondary bronchi within each lung. Lobar bronchi then give rise to segmental and tertiary bronchi.The respiratory exchange system
Exchange of gases occur at respiratory bronchioles and alveoli. Alveoli are air sac which have capillary as their blood supply. The thin basement membrane, endothelium of blood vessels and epithelium of alveoli form the diffusion membrane of the alveoli. Any edema raises the thickness of this membrane causing decreased exchange leading to respiratory distress.Lungs and Trachea FAQs
What is tracheostomy and when it is indicated?
Tracheostomy is a procedure in which a surgeon makes a hole anteriorly in the trachea. Indications include an upper airway obstruction, penetrating laryngeal trauma or chronic aspiration, prolonged ventilatory dependence.
What is pneumothorax and what are the types?
Pneumothorax is the abnormal collection of air between the lung and thoracic wall. It is of three types Open, Closed and Tension pneumothorax.
What is pulmonary edema?
Pulmonary edema is excessive abnormal fluid collection in tissue or air spaces. This leads to impaired gas exchange often leading to dyspnea which can progress to respiratory failure.
What is atelectasis?
It is the partial collapse and closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange affecting part or all of one lung.
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