Digestive Enzymes - Types, Functions, Location, Supplements

If you are looking for Digestive Enzymes , you have come to the right place!

Different Types of Ecological Pyramids

Introduction

Digestion Definition And Human Digestive System

Types of Digestive Enzymes

Amylase

Maltase

Lactase

Lipase

Proteases

Sucrase

Diffusion Means Of Transport

Natural Sources of Digestive Enzymes

• Protease and amylase are present in honey, particularly raw honey.
• Bananas and mangoes contain amylase, which helps in fruit ripening.
• Papain is a particular protease found in papaya.
• The digestive enzyme lipase is present in avocados.
• During fermentation, fermented cabbage, often known as sauerkraut, absorbs digestive enzymes.

Function and Location of Different Digestive Enzymes

Digestive Enzymes in the Mouth

• Lipase Enzyme: The lipase enzyme starts the digestion of lipids or fats in the mouth.

• Salivary Amylase or Ptyalin: Salivary Ptyalin, also known as amylase, aids in converting starch into maltose during the breakdown of carbohydrates.

• Lysozyme: This digestive enzyme fights off some non-essential nutrients like germs and viruses that might be present in the diet.

Digestive Enzymes in the Mouth

• Pepsin : The most significant gastric enzyme, pepsin, is created by the main gastric cells. The stomach glands initially produce the inactive version of the enzyme pepsinogen. The stomach juices then trigger the formation of pepsin. Proteins are broken down into smaller peptides and amino acids by pepsin.
• Gastric Lipase: The gastric chief cells in the stomach's fundic mucosa release this acidic enzyme. Its ideal pH range is between 3 and 6.
• Mucin : The mucous cells in the stomach release mucin to shield the lining from its highly acidic environment.
• Gastrin : This hormone helps to stimulate the parietal cells to create hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factors. It is mostly produced by the gastric cells in the stomach (IF).

Digestion In Ruminants

Digestive Enzymes in the Pancreas

• Trypsinogen : The enzyme enterokinase converts this dormant protease into trypsin. Proteins are broken down into amino acids by an enzyme called trypsin.
• Chymotrypsinogen : Chymotrypsinogen is an inactive protease that can be converted to chymotrypsin by the enzymes enterokinase or trypsin. In turn, chymotrypsin is in charge of dissolving proteins into aromatic amino acids.

Digestive Enzymes in the Small Intestine

• Secretin : In reaction to the acidity of the gastric chyme, the S cells of the duodenum (small intestine) produce a secretin hormone. Thus, it seeks to keep the duodenum's pH level stable.
• Cholecystokinin (CCK): Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a binding peptide that the small intestine's "I cells" release in response to gastric chyme that contains a lot of fat and protein. Additionally, it is in charge of slowing down and emptying the stomach, which enables the pancreatic fluids to balance the stomach's chyme acidity. Additionally, it causes gallbladder contraction, which causes bile to be released into the duodenum.
• Gastric Inhibitory Peptide (GIP): This peptide, which lowers gastric motility, is produced by the mucosal cells in the duodenum of the small intestine.

Digestive Enzymes Supplements

Animals

Plants

Microbes

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Key Points of Digestive Enzymes

• Large food molecules are broken down into smaller food molecules by the digestive enzymes.
• The breakdown of starch into maltose is carried out by the enzyme amylase, which is present in the human mouth and pancreas.
• Proteins are broken down into smaller peptides and amino acids by proteases such as pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin. Both the pancreas and the stomach contain them.
• Dietary lipids like fats and oils are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol by the lipase enzyme.
• The enzyme nuclease aids in the conversion of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, into nucleotides.