| UGC NET Law Syllabus 2025 Unit Wise |
| Unit Name |
Topics |
| Unit 1: Jurisprudence |
Nature and sources of law, Schools of jurisprudence, Law and morality, Concept of Rights and duties, Legal personality, Concepts of property, ownership, and possession, Concept of liability, Law, poverty, and Development, Global justice, Modernism and post-modernism. |
| Unit 2: Constitutional and Administrative Law |
Preamble, Fundamental rights and duties, directive principles of state policy, Union and State executives and their Interrelationship, Union and State legislature and distribution of legislative powers, Judiciary, Emergency provisions, Temporary, transitional and special provisions in respect of certain states, Election Commission of India, Nature, scope and Importance of administrative law, Principle of natural justice, Judicial review of administrative actions – Grounds. |
| Unit 3: Public International Law and IHL |
International law – Definition, nature, and basis, Sources of International Law, Recognition of states and governments, Nationality, immigrants, refugees, and internally displaced persons (IDPs), Extradition and asylum, United Nations and its organs, Settlement of international disputes, World Trade Organization (WTO), International humanitarian law (IHL) - Conventions and protocols, Implementation of IHL - Challenges. |
| Unit 4: Law of Crimes |
General principles of criminal liability – Actus reus and mens rea, individual and group liability and constructive liability, Stages of crime and inchoate crimes - Abetment, criminal conspiracy, and attempt, General exceptions, Offences against the human body, Offences against state and terrorism, Offences against property, Offences against women and children, Drug trafficking and counterfeiting, Offences against public tranquillity, Theories and kinds of punishments, Compensation to the victims of crime. |
| Unit 5: Law of Torts and Consumer Protection |
Nature and definition of tort, General principles of tortious liability, General defenses, Specific torts – Negligence, nuisance, trespass, and defamation, Remoteness of damages, Strict and absolute liability, Tortious liability of the State, The Consumer Protection Act 1986 - Definitions, consumer rights and redressal mechanism, The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - No-fault liability, third-party insurance and claims tribunal, The Competition Act, 2002 - Prohibition of certain agreements, abuse of dominant position, and regulation of combinations. |
| Unit 6: Commercial Law |
Essential elements of contract and e-contract, Breach of contract, frustration of contract, void and voidable agreements, The standard form of contract and quasi-contract, Specific contracts - Bailment, pledge, indemnity, guarantee, and agency, Sale of Goods Act, 1930, Partnership and limited liability partnership, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, Company law – Incorporation of a company, prospectus, shares, and debentures, Company law – Directors and meetings, Corporate social responsibility. |
| Unit 7: Family Law |
Sources and schools, Marriage and dissolution of marriage, Matrimonial remedies - Divorce and theories of divorce, Changing dimensions of the institution of marriage – Live-in relationship, Recognition of foreign decrees in India on marriage and divorce, Maintenance, dower, and stridhan, Adoption, guardianship, and acknowledgement, Succession and inheritance, Will, gift, and wakf, Uniform Civil Code. |
| Unit 8: Environment and Human Rights Law |
Meaning and concept of ‘environment’ and ‘environmental pollution, International environmental law and UN Conferences, Constitutional and legal framework for the Protection of the environment in India, Environmental Impact Assessment and Control of hazardous waste in India, National Green Tribunal, Concept and development of human rights, Universalism and cultural relativism, International Bill of Rights, Group rights – Women, children, persons with disabilities, elderly persons, minorities and weaker sections, Protection and enforcement of human rights in India – National Human Rights Commission, National Commission for Minorities, National Commission for Women, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Scheduled Tribes, and National Commission for Backward Classes. |
| Unit 9: Intellectual Property Rights and Information Technology Law |
Concept and meaning of intellectual property, Theories of intellectual property, International conventions about intellectual properties, Copyright and neighbouring rights – Subject matters, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies, Law of patent – Patentability, the procedure for grant of patent, limitations and exceptions, infringement and remedies, Law of trademark – Registration of trademarks, kinds of trademarks, infringement and passing off remedies, Protection of Geographical Indications, Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge, Information technology law- digital signature and electronic signature, electronic governance, electronic records and duties of subscribers, Cyber crimes, penalties and adjudication. |
| Unit 10: Comparative Public Law and Systems of Governance |
Comparative Law – Relevance, methodology, problems, and Concerns in Comparison, Forms of governments – Presidential and parliamentary, unitary and federal, Models of federalism – USA, Canada and India, Rule of Law – ‘Formal’ and ‘substantive’ versions, Separation of powers – India, UK, USA, and France, Independence of judiciary, judicial activism and accountability – India, UK and USA, Systems of constitutional review – India, USA, Switzerland and France, Amendment of the Constitution – India, USA, and South Africa, Ombudsman – Sweden, UK, and India, Open Government and Right to Information - USA, UK, and India. |
