CBSE Class 9 Geography Notes Chapter 6 Population PDF Download

CBSE Class 9 Geography Notes Chapter 6: Chapter 6 of CBSE Class 9 Geography focuses on "Population." It explores how people are distributed, how many live in different places, and how the number of people changes over time. The chapter looks at why people live where they do, like near water or in cities, and how many people live in each area, called population density.

CBSE Class 9 Geography Notes Chapter 6 Population Overview

Population Distribution : Population is unevenly spread across the world. Dense populations are found in fertile areas like the Ganges Plains , while sparse populations are in harsh regions like deserts and mountains.

Factors Affecting Population Distribution :

• Physical Factors : Climate, soil, water, and topography.
• Human Factors : Economic opportunities, political stability, and social factors.

Population Growth : Population grows due to the balance between birth rate , death rate , and migration .

Population Explosion : Rapid growth due to better healthcare and living conditions, leading to resource and environmental challenges.

Population Pyramid : A graphical representation showing the age and sex distribution of a population, helping analyze future trends.

Demographic Transition : The model explaining population changes in different stages of development, from high birth and death rates to low ones.

India’s Population : India faces challenges like high population density and rapid growth, leading to resource strain.

CBSE Class 9 Geography Notes Chapter 6 PDF

CBSE Class 9 Geography Notes Chapter 6 PDF

CBSE Notes Class 9 Geography Chapter 6 - Population

Population Size and Distribution in India

Population Size:

Most Populous State:

• Uttar Pradesh : Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India, with about 16% of the country's population residing there. Located in northern India, Uttar Pradesh's large population contributes significantly to India's demographic landscape.

Concentration in Five States:

• Major Population Centers : Nearly half of India's total population lives in just five states: Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, and Andhra Pradesh. These states are densely populated and play a crucial role in India's demographic distribution.

Key Insights

• Regional Disparities : The concentration of population in specific states underscores regional disparities in development and resource allocation.
• Urbanization Impact : Urban centers in these populous states face challenges related to infrastructure, housing, and service delivery due to high population density.
• Policy Implications : Government policies must address the diverse needs of densely populated regions to ensure equitable development across the country.

India’s Population Distribution by Density

Definition of Population Density:

Population Density in India:

• 2011 Statistics : In the year 2011, India's population density was recorded at 382 persons per square kilometer. This figure highlights the significant concentration of people across the country.
• Global Perspective : India is recognized as one of the most densely populated countries globally due to its high population density.

Implications of High Population Density:

• Urban Pressure : High population density puts immense pressure on urban infrastructure, services, and resources in cities and metropolitan areas.
• Resource Management : Efficient management of resources such as water, land, and energy becomes crucial in densely populated regions.
• Socio-economic Dynamics : Densely populated areas often experience unique socio-economic challenges related to housing, employment, and public health.

Regional Variations:

• Urban vs. Rural : Urban areas typically have higher population densities compared to rural regions due to concentrated economic activities and amenities.
• State-wise Variations : Population density varies significantly across different states in India, influencing regional development priorities and challenges.

Population Growth and Processes of Population Change

Processes of Population Change:

• Birth : Birth rate refers to the number of births per thousand people in a year. Higher birth rates contribute to population growth, especially in countries with a young demographic profile.
• Death : Death rate indicates the number of deaths per thousand people in a year. Lower death rates generally result in population growth, as more people survive into older ages.
• Migration : Migration involves the movement of people from one place to another. It can be internal (within the country) or international (between countries). Migration affects population distribution and can lead to changes in population size in specific regions.

Population Growth:

• Absolute Numbers : Population growth can be expressed as the absolute change in population between two points in time. For example, comparing the population in 2001 to that in 2011 gives the absolute numbers of population growth.
• Percentage Change per Year : Another way to measure population growth is through the annual growth rate, expressed as a percentage. For instance, a growth rate of 2% per annum means the population increased by two persons for every 100 persons in the base population each year.

Importance of Understanding Growth Rates:

• Planning : Governments and policymakers use population growth rates to plan for future infrastructure, healthcare, education, and housing needs.
• Economic Impact : Population growth rates influence economic development, labor supply, and consumer demand.
• Environmental Impact : Sustainable development goals consider population growth in relation to natural resource use and environmental impact.