Difference Between Gene and DNA : As humans, we are made up of trillions of cells that work together to make us who we are. At the core of every cell lies our genetic information, encoding all the instructions necessary for our development and functioning.
We often hear about genes and DNA in relation to inherited traits or diseases, but what exactly is the difference between these two terms? And why is it essential to understand their distinctions? Let's jump right in and unravel the mystery behind these building blocks of life!NEET Biology Syllabus | NEET Biology Diagrams |
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Difference Between Gene and DNA |
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Feature | DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) | Gene |
Definition | A long macromolecule that carries genetic instructions. | A specific sequence of DNA that codes for a particular protein or functional RNA. |
Composition | Made up of nucleotides (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine). | A segment or region within the DNA molecule. |
Structure | Has a double-helix structure with two complementary strands. | A specific sequence of nucleotides along the DNA molecule. |
Function | Carries genetic information and instructions for organisms. | Codes for the synthesis of proteins or functional RNA. |
Role in Heredity | Transmits genetic information from one generation to another. | Determines traits and characteristics inherited by offspring. |
Mutations | Can experience mutations affecting individual nucleotides. | Mutations in genes can alter protein synthesis or function. |
Independence | Cannot function independently; genes are part of DNA. | Cannot function independently; part of the DNA structure. |
Genomic Composition | Represents the entire genetic material of an organism. | Constitutes specific regions within the genomic DNA. |
Coding vs. Non-coding | Includes both coding (genes) and non-coding regions. | Comprises coding sequences responsible for protein synthesis. |
Number in Genome | Multiple genes are present within the DNA of an organism. | The number of genes varies across species and organisms. |
Expression and Regulation | Involved in the regulation of gene expression. | Gene expression is regulated to control protein synthesis. |
Study Implications | Studies involve understanding heredity, evolution, and more. | Focuses on deciphering specific functions and traits. |