CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025–26 (PDF Download & Chapter-Wise Topics)

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025-26: CBSE has officially released the updated Science syllabus for Class 10 for the academic session 2025–26. Students preparing for the board examination must carefully review the complete syllabus, including units, mark distribution, practical components, and chapter-wise topics. 

The class 10th science syllabus helps in planning a focused and efficient study strategy throughout the year. Here we provide a clear breakdown of the CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus, along with a downloadable PDF link, unit-wise marks, important topics, and frequently asked questions.

Overview of CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2025–26

The CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus aims to strengthen a student’s conceptual understanding in Physics, Chemistry and Biology. The subject encourages students to apply scientific principles in real-life situations and develop logical reasoning, problem-solving skills, and practical knowledge.

Scope of Learning:

• Chemistry: Properties and reactions of substances that build the material world

• Biology: Functions and interdependence of living organisms

• Physics: Understanding natural phenomena involving light, electricity and magnetism

• Environmental Science Elements: Sustainable practices and conservation

The syllabus focuses on experimentation, observation and linkages between science and everyday applications.

Class 10 Science Syllabus Chapter-Wise (2025–26)

The Class 10 Science syllabus for 2025–26 includes 12 chapters covering key concepts from Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.

Each chapter focuses on developing strong fundamentals and real-life applications of science. Below is the complete chapter-wise syllabus that helps students organise their study plan effectively for both mid-term and board examinations:

This chapter-wise syllabus will be assessed across both mid-term and final examinations in most schools.

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus – Unit & Marks Distribution

The CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus is divided into units based on Chemistry, Biology and Physics, with specific marks assigned to each area for the board exam. 

Understanding the marks distribution helps students prioritise topics and plan their preparation effectively. Check below for the complete unit-wise weightage for 2025–26:

Grand Total: 100 Marks

Science syllabus class 10 CBSE 2025–26 clearly indicates that Chemistry and Biology chapters hold major weightage in the final exam.

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus PDF Download 2025–26

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus for 2025–26 has been officially released on the Central Board’s website. Understanding the latest syllabus is crucial for effective planning of board exam preparation and focusing on key topics that carry more weightage. 

Below, we have provided the direct link to download the official Science syllabus class 10 CBSE 2025–26 PDF so that students can easily access it anytime. This PDF includes the complete unit-wise structure, chapter-wise topics, and internal assessment guidelines as prescribed by CBSE for the current academic session.

                                CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus PDF Download 2025–26

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter List with Topics

The CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus includes 12 chapters covering essential concepts from Chemistry, Biology and Physics. Each chapter focuses on practical understanding and application-based learning to strengthen scientific skills. 

Check below for a detailed chapter-wise breakdown that highlights what students need to study in each chapter for the 2025–26 board examination.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 1 – Chemical Reactions and Equations 

This chapter teaches how chemical reactions occur and how to represent them correctly using balanced equations. It explains different types of reactions, oxidation and reduction, and harmful effects like corrosion and rancidity.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 2 – Acids, Bases, and Salts

Students learn about the chemical behaviour of acids, bases, and salts along with their reactions in daily life. The chapter covers the pH scale, indicators, and uses of commercially important salts.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 3 – Metals and Non-Metals

 This chapter compares the properties of metals and non-metals and explains how ionic compounds are formed. It also includes methods of extracting metals from ores and techniques to prevent corrosion.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 4 – Carbon and Its Compounds

Students understand the unique bonding nature of carbon and the formation of hydrocarbons. The chapter also explains ethanol, acetic acid, and the cleansing action of soaps and detergents.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 5 – Life Processes

This chapter explains essential biological processes such as nutrition, respiration, transportation of materials and excretion. It covers the function of major human body systems along with basic processes in plants.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 6 – Control and Coordination

Students learn how living organisms respond to changes using their nervous system and hormones. It also includes coordination in plants through hormones and reflex actions in humans.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 7 – How Do Organisms Reproduce?

This chapter describes how plants and animals reproduce through asexual and sexual methods. Human reproductive systems and reproductive health are also covered.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 8 – Heredity and Evolution

This chapter explains how traits are inherited using Mendel’s laws, along with variation and natural selection. Students also understand how species evolve over time.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 9 – Light – Reflection and Refraction

 It covers how mirrors and lenses form images using the laws of reflection and refraction. Students learn ray diagrams and practical applications of light.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 10 – The Human Eye and the Colourful World

This chapter explains the structure and function of the human eye and common eye defects. It also includes dispersion, scattering of light and atmospheric phenomena like rainbows and the blue colour of the sky.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 11 – Electricity

Students study current, potential difference, and resistance along with numerical applications of Ohm’s Law. The heating effects of electric current and circuits in series and parallel are also included.

CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 12 – Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

This chapter explains magnetic fields generated by electric current, electromagnets and electric motors. Students also learn electromagnetic induction and its use in electrical devices.

Important Topics for Class 10 Science Mid-Term & Final Exam 2025–26

To score well in the board examination, students must focus on chapters and concepts that carry high weightage in mid-term and final assessments. Important theoretical concepts, diagrams, and numerical topics are frequently asked in the exam. Check below for the science class 10 mid term syllabus 2025–26, most important topics:

•  Balancing chemical equations

• Numerical questions from electricity & light

•  Carbon compounds (functional groups)

• Genetics (Punnett square problems)

• Life processes diagrams

•  Electromagnetic effects

 Mid-Term Syllabus usually includes — Chapters 1–5
Final Term includes remaining chapters — Ch 6–12

(Exact school-wise division may vary slightly)

CBSE Class 10 Science Practical and Internal Assessment (20 Marks)

The CBSE Class 10 Science practical and internal assessment carries 20 marks, covering laboratory experiments, viva, assignments and portfolio work.  CBSE class 10 science syllabus practical evaluates a student’s practical skills and understanding beyond theory. Below is the structure of the internal assessment system, along with the list of important practical activities prescribed for 2025–26:

Important Experiments for CBSE Class 10 Science Practical :

• pH testing, acidic/basic salts

• Properties of acetic acid

• Ohm’s Law activity

• Refraction through glass slab

• Identification of plant & animal tissues