Short Notes and Formulas of class 8 science chapter-Pollution of Air and Water

Short Notes and Formulas of class 8 science chapter-Pollution of Air and Water

May 13, 2022, 16:45 IST

Class- 8 science chapter-Pollution of Air and Water

Introduction

• Life occurs in the region where the three components of life earth i.e., land or lithosphere, water or hydrosphere and air or atmosphere interact. Parts of the earth which support life together constitute biosphere.
• Human beings are the only organisms who try to manipulate the environment to fulfil their needs and comforts [food, shelter, clothing's, transport etc.]. Increase in human population and great advancement in industry and technology, in the recent past have damaged the balanced and healthy environment. The imbalance in the environment has given rise to various environmental problems and majority of them are related to air, water and soil pollution.

Air Pollution

• Air is invisible, odourless and tasteless mixture of gases. Air also holds water vapours and dust particles. Composition of dry atmosphere is given in the table alongside.
• Addition of unwanted and harmful substances in the air or increase in the quantities of constituents of air beyond the normal level that affects the living organisms is called air pollution . Agents or substances that pollute the air are called air pollutants .

How does Air Get Polluted?

1. An undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of the air, because of pollutants which make air harmful for living organisms is termed air pollution.
2. Some pollutants are particulate matter and remain suspended in air and called suspended particulate matter [SPM] .
3. Some pollutants are gaseous substances include carbon monoxide, excess of carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, hydrocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons [CFCs] hydrogen sulphide, methane and ammonia.

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